ABSTRACT Co-Hosted with iNEMI Fueled by the convergence of Industry 4.0, the second quantum revolution, and advances in integrated photonics and nanomanufacturing, NIST has embarked on a sweeping program to revolutionize metrology. Building on the success of the chip-scale atomic clock, which shrunk a lab of sophisticated equipment run by Ph.D. physicists down to a commercial device the size of a grain of rice, NIST is miniaturizing its core measurement technologies into a suite of quantum-based standards that never need to be taken off-line for calibration. This talk will provide an overview of this program, known as NIST on a Chip, and some of the opportunities it is enabling. https://www.nist.gov/noac About the Presenter: Ms. Barbara Goldstein serves as Associate Director of the Physical Measurement Laboratory, the largest operational unit at NIST consisting of approximately 1300 staff and associates and three joint institutes, and which is responsible for realizing and disseminating rigorous measurements to support commercial, defense and research enterprises. Ms. Goldstein manages the &NIST on a Chip” program which is establishing a new paradigm for precision measurement dissemination through a suite of deployable, fit-for-purpose, quantum-based standards to be embedded in products or installed at user sites. Ms. Goldstein is contributing to the emerging quantum economy through international standardization activities. She leads a standardization outlook and maturity assessment subgroup of the UN-based ITU-T Focus Group on Quantum Information Technology for Networks, and developed a standards landscape through the Quantum Economic Development Consortium. She led the development of e-commerce standards that have been used in hundreds of thousands of business transactions; led roadmap efforts on the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) and factory automation; and developed and led the NIST Technologies for the Integration of Manufacturing Applications program which competitively awarded a cost shared research portfolio of approximately $150M. Prior to joining NIST in 1992, she implemented information management systems at McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing), and managed computing facilities at the Israeli Land Authority in Jerusalem. Files Available: Slides and Link to Recorded Presentation (PDF) On Demand Webinar
ABSTRACT Co-Hosted with iNEMI Fueled by the convergence of Industry 4.0, the second quantum revolution, and advances in integrated photonics and nanomanufacturing, NIST has embarked on a sweeping program to revolutionize metrology. Building on the success of the chip-scale atomic clock, which shrunk a lab of sophisticated equipment run by Ph.D. physicists down to a commercial device the size of a grain of rice, NIST is miniaturizing its core measurement technologies into a suite of quantum-based standards that never need to be taken off-line for calibration. This talk will provide an overview of this program, known as NIST on a Chip, and some of the opportunities it is enabling. https://www.nist.gov/noac About the Presenter: Ms. Barbara Goldstein serves as Associate Director of the Physical Measurement Laboratory, the largest operational unit at NIST consisting of approximately 1300 staff and associates and three joint institutes, and which is responsible for realizing and disseminating rigorous measurements to support commercial, defense and research enterprises. Ms. Goldstein manages the &NIST on a Chip” program which is establishing a new paradigm for precision measurement dissemination through a suite of deployable, fit-for-purpose, quantum-based standards to be embedded in products or installed at user sites. Ms. Goldstein is contributing to the emerging quantum economy through international standardization activities. She leads a standardization outlook and maturity assessment subgroup of the UN-based ITU-T Focus Group on Quantum Information Technology for Networks, and developed a standards landscape through the Quantum Economic Development Consortium. She led the development of e-commerce standards that have been used in hundreds of thousands of business transactions; led roadmap efforts on the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) and factory automation; and developed and led the NIST Technologies for the Integration of Manufacturing Applications program which competitively awarded a cost shared research portfolio of approximately $150M. Prior to joining NIST in 1992, she implemented information management systems at McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing), and managed computing facilities at the Israeli Land Authority in Jerusalem. Files Available: Slides and Link to Recorded Presentation (PDF) On Demand Webinar
The NIST on a Chip (NOAC) program's central idea is the idea that measurement technology can be developed to enable metrology to be performed "outside the National Metrology Institute" by the creation of deployed and often miniaturized standards. These standards, when based on fundamental properties of nature, are directly tracible to the international system of units known as the SI. NIST is also developing quantum-based standards for SI traceability known as QSI, or Quantum based International System of units. Specifically, this paper will cover NIST efforts in the area of thermodynamic metrology to develop NOAC standards for pressure, vacuum and temperature measurements.
Emerging technologies demand innovations in metrology: • Agility – to keep pace with a rapidly changing technical landscape; • Ability – to develop novel, perhaps first-ever, measurement capabilities; • Comparability and interoperability – across vendors, in commercial timeframes; • Accelerated delivery – because formal standards may be obsolete by the time they’re published. The same quantum technologies that have revolutionized metrology, such as Josephson junctions that are used to create the world’s most accurate voltage standards and ion traps that are used in time and frequency standards, also underpin emerging new markets in quantum computing, networking and sensing – and these quantum-based products require entirely new approaches for measurement and characterization. The world’s metrology institutes have been at the forefront of the quantum revolution, being both early developers and adopters of quantum technologies for metrology, and are uniquely poised to spearhead the development of metrology for quantum – those measurements and related standards needed by industry to underpin quantum-based products. The metrology community is positioned to create trust in the emerging quantum economy due to its long history of objectivity, neutrality and international collaboration; anticipating industry’s needs to be ready with rigorous measurement capabilities as technologies evolve; and its having formed institutions such as the CIPM, BIPM and IMEKO to support collaborative efforts. The BIPM hosted a workshop in March 2024 which brought together 149 participants from 43 NMIs and designated institutes (DIs) from 39 economies, along with industry representatives, to discuss how best to leverage the expertise of the worlds national metrology institutes (NMIs) and their designated institutes (DIs) to accelerate the development and adoption of quantum technologies through measurements and standards. The workshop supported coordinated development and sharing of measurement “best practices” in support of future standardization, the mission of a new collaborative initiative referred to as NMI-Q. The NMI-Q organizing committee, comprised of representatives of the NMIs of Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, are working on a cooperation framework inspired by the successful VAMAS organization, which conducts coordinated pre-standardization work in material science. NMI-Q has initiated early work in quantum photonics, and expects to expand to a breadth of technical areas, such as measurement and characterization to support multiple quantum computing platforms, quantum networking models, and sensing modalities.
Quantum precision measurement and sensing aims to obtain a measurement accuracy beyond the limits specified by classical measurement techniques and achieve ultra-high precision measurements of physical quantities, such as magnetic field, inertia, gravity, and time by employing quantum resources and effects. With the advancement of quantum optics, atomic physics, and related fields, in addition to the incentives of the Nobel Prize and the “quantization” of the seven basic physical quantities of the International Unit, precision measurement has entered the quantum era. Compared with conventional sensors based on classical technology, quantum sensors can surpass the standard quantum limit. In addition, quantum sensors are more appropriate for precision measurements because they are not affected by manufacturing differences, defects, impurities, aging, and other factors. It has broad application potential in biomagnetism, geomagnetism, space magnetic field detection, and so on. Furthermore, its practical applications include complicated systems, poor portability and operability, high power consumption, and high cost. However, many issues remain to be addressed. Given the broad application prospect of precision measurement, certain international institutions, for instance, NIST, have begun researching chip-scale atomic sensing devices. Among the reponed chip-scale atomic systems thus far, the progress of the atomic clock and magnetometer is paramount. In this paper, we review the latest development and application of chip-scale atomic clocks and magnetometers and examine their opportunities and challenges. Finally, by taking the homebuilt microfabricated atomic magnetometer as an example, we describe the mechanism of spin squeezing-assisted quantum-enhanced metrology and provide a long-term outlook for chip-scale quantum-enhanced metrology.
The ongoing second quantum revolution will lead to unprecedented technological capabilities opening up important scientific progress and business opportunities. The worldwide investments in quantum technology are important in the academic as well as in the industrial sector. However, these new technologies must also be duly characterised and calibrated with measurements traceable to the International System of Units, as it is the standard today for classical technologies. An accessible and fit for purpose testing infrastructure for quantum technology is thus clearly needed. In this paper we give an overview of our vision of a Swiss metrology competence centre for quantum technologies at the Swiss Federal Institute of Metrology METAS and highlight the present state of the recent developments.
Advances in quantum mechanics have long underpinned metrology by enabling practical realizations of units through quantum effects. With the 2019 SI revision, traceability is anchored in defined fundamental constants, reinforcing the quantum-mechanical basis of modern standards. In parallel, quantum technologies are transitioning from laboratory science to engineering and early industrial deployment, bringing familiar pressures for integration, reliability, cost reduction, supply-chain formation, and standardization. The direction of benefit is thus reversing: metrology and precision measurement are becoming enabling infrastructure for the industrialization of quantum technologies. Against this backdrop, this paper surveys the metrology and precision-measurement capabilities required across representative quantum-computing modalities and identifies where electrical and related metrology can contribute to the development, characterization, and reliable operation of quantum hardware. We then discuss cross-cutting measurement needs and standardization opportunities that recur across platforms, and note how similar frameworks can extend to emerging quantum-sensing applications.