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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Revisiting quantum memory efficiency using quantum coherence functions

Hassana Kokab, Farhan Saif

Published Nov 13, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We show that a two-sided hybrid optomechanical (OM) system is capable of storing and retrieving information with controllable memory efficiency. The control of OM coupling, primarily arising from optomechanically induced transparency, plays a central role in our approach. By introducing an effective optical depth (OD) associated with the OM interaction, we analyze its impact on quantum memory efficiency and contrast it with the limitations imposed by the OD in Jaynes–Cummings-type coupling. Our study is based on the evaluation of first-order and second-order correlation functions, providing insight into coherence and quantum statistics. All parameters considered are within experimentally feasible regimes, highlighting the practical potential of the proposed quantum memory architecture.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/ae1f72

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Abstract We show that a two-sided hybrid optomechanical (OM) system is capable of storing and retrieving information with controllable memory efficiency. The control of OM coupling, primarily arising from optomechanically induced transparency, plays a central role in our approach. By introducing an effective optical depth (OD) associated with the OM interaction, we analyze its impact on quantum memory efficiency and contrast it with the limitations imposed by the OD in Jaynes–Cummings-type coupling. Our study is based on the evaluation of first-order and second-order correlation functions, providing insight into coherence and quantum statistics. All parameters considered are within experimentally feasible regimes, highlighting the practical potential of the proposed quantum memory architecture.
Optomechanics has progressed rapidly alongside advances in quantum technologies over the past decade. This paper presents a systematic review of optomechanical systems for the implementation of efficient quantum memory architectures. We emphasize the crucial role of optomechanical coupling in enhancing quantum memory efficiency, which was previously far below 100% in the cavity quantum electrodynamics regime. The theoretical framework is based on optomechanically induced transparency and quantum coherence functions, and the parameters considered are experimentally feasible within state-of-the-art optoelectronics and photonics laboratories.
Abstract Optomechanics has become a very active area of research in recent years and has attracted significant interest in both theoretical and experimental studies. In this work, we theoretically investigate optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) using a hybrid system consisting of two coupled optical cavities, each interacting with a spin ensemble. The cavities are coherently driven by a strong control field and a weak probe field. We analytically calculate the transmission spectrum of the coupled spin–cavity system and analyze the dynamics of the system. The obtained transmission response shows clear signatures of multi-window OMIT, which arises from coherent interference between the hybridized normal modes. Our results indicate that the presence of spin ensembles in both cavities significantly enhances the transparency behavior and provides additional tunable parameters to control the OMIT windows. In particular, the transmission spectrum and the shape of the transparency profile can be controlled by the spin–cavity interaction and the inter-cavity coupling strength J . Furthermore, the inter-cavity tunneling rate, spin decoherence, and spin–cavity coupling strength strongly influence the transparency properties. Overall, this study highlights the potential of spin-based multi-cavity optomechanical systems for coherent optical control and tunable quantum interference.
We theoretically studied the implementation of a quantum memory and an optical transistor in a system composed by a single atom trapped inside a high finesse cavity. In order to store and map the quantum state of an input pulse onto internal states of the single atom (quantum memory) we employ the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon (which can work out as an optical transistor) where the information can be transferred to the dark state of the atom modelled by a three-level system in a Λ-type configuration. In our model we consider a suitable temporal shape for the control field that ensures the adiabaticity of the storage process and retrieval of the probe pulse. The dynamic of the field inside the cavity was obtained by master equation approach, while the outside field was calculated by input-output formalism. We have analysed two different setups: i) two-sided and ii) single-sided cavities. While the first setup is the most appropriate and commonly used to observe cavity-EIT in the transmission spectrum, thus the best configuration for the optical transistor, the maximum quantum memory efficiency can not reach reasonable values, being limited to 50% for symmetric cavities. On the other hand, with single-sided cavity the quantum memory efficiency increases considerably and can reach values close to 100% in the strong atom-field coupling regime. However this specific setup is not favourable to observe the cavity-EIT effect in the transmission spectrum and then it is not appropriate to control the transmission of light pulses.
Abstract We theoretically investigate the optical response in a hybrid quantum optomechanical system consisting of two optically coupled micro-cavities in which a two-level system (qubit) is coupled with a mechanical membrane. The qubit can either be a defect which interacts with the mechanical oscillator via the linear Jaynes–Cummings interaction or a superconducting charge qubit coupled with the mechanical mode via non-linear interaction. We find that coherent perfect transmission (CPT), coherent perfect synthesis (CPS) and optomechanically induced absorption (OMIA) can be generated by suitably adjusting the system parameters. We find that the qubit and its interaction with the mechanical oscillator emerges as a new handle to control these quantum optical properties. The presence of the qubit results in four points where CPT and CPS can be realized compared to the pure optomechanical case (i.e. in the absence of a qubit) where only three points are attained. This shows that the presence of the qubit gives us more flexibility in choosing the appropriate parameter regime where CPT and CPS can be attained and controlled. We also find that OMIA shows three distinct peaks both in the linear and non-linear cases. In the absence of the qubit, OMIA is converted to optomechanically induced transmission (OMIT). An increase in the qubit decay rate also shows a transition from OMIA to OMIT. Our study reveals that the optical response of the non-linear case is relatively rapid and more sensitive compared to the linear case to changes in the system parameters. This demonstrates the potential use of this hybrid system in designing a tunable all-optical switch and photon router, both of which form important elements of a quantum information network.
Abstract We investigate the phenomenon of optomechanically induced transparency assisted by a hybrid two-cavity optomechanical system. The system consists of two optical cavities and four mechanical resonators, and each optical cavity is filled with two-level atomic ensembles. Our study demonstrates that the characteristics of optomechanically induced transparency vary with different coupling parameters. Specifically, the number of transparent windows increases with the introduction of atomic ensembles and Coulomb interaction. Furthermore, the positions of the transparent points can be manipulated by the coupling parameters. It is found that increasing the Coulomb coupling between mechanical oscillators shifts the transparent points further apart. Furthermore, we also explore the slow/fast light effect by analyzing the phase and group delay of the probe field. Our approach enables the control of multiple optomechanically induced transparency and provides potential applications in quantum information processing.
Quantum storage of flying optical qubits, namely coherently mapping photonic states into and out of an optically controlled memory on demand, constitutes an essential component in the optical quantum information processing science, with applications to long-distance optical communication [1]. In this context, practical protocols require sufficiently large storage efficiency to achieve a performance better than direct transmission. Theoretically, the storage and retrieval efficiency can only be improved with the increase of the optical depth (OD). Recent progresses have shown that high OD media enable to reach high-efficiency electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-based optical storage, albeit without the demonstration of qubit storage [2, 3]. Here we experimentally implement an optical quantum memory with single-photon-level probes, showing a EIT-based storage efficiency around 70%. Furthermore, thanks to the spatial multiplexing of the dense atomic ensemble, highly efficient storage of polarization qubit is performed.