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Physical Review A

Entanglement source preparation via three-photon quantum scissors enhanced by realistic conditions

Liangjun Zhou, Yinxuan Cai, Zekun Zhao, Cunjin Liu, Teng Zhao, Liyun Hu

Published Nov 7, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In quantum information processing, the preparation and optimization of entanglement sources are critical steps. This paper explores reality-enhanced entanglement in two-mode squeezed vacuum states via three-photon quantum scissors (3-QS). Crucially, in realistic scenarios, the optimized 3-QS scheme achieves stronger entanglement than ideal scenarios while expanding the effective enhancement range. By adjusting beam-splitter transmittance in experimentally accessible weak squeezing regimes, we achieve enhanced entanglement and higher quantum teleportation fidelity compared to conventional strong squeezing approaches. This scheme provides a practical path toward long-distance quantum communication by transforming low-quality squeezed states into high-fidelity entanglement resources.

DOI
10.1103/l3wl-7qsh

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In quantum information processing, the preparation and optimization of entanglement sources are critical steps. This paper explores reality-enhanced entanglement in two-mode squeezed vacuum states via three-photon quantum scissors (3-QS). Crucially, in realistic scenarios, the optimized 3-QS scheme achieves stronger entanglement than ideal scenarios while expanding the effective enhancement range. By adjusting beam-splitter transmittance in experimentally accessible weak squeezing regimes, we achieve enhanced entanglement and higher quantum teleportation fidelity compared to conventional strong squeezing approaches. This scheme provides a practical path toward long-distance quantum communication by transforming low-quality squeezed states into high-fidelity entanglement resources.
The entanglement improvement is theoretically investigated when applying a single-side quantum scissors (SSQS) with a local squeezing operation and two-asymmetrical beam splitters (BSs) to one mode of an input two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSV). It is found that the gain factor can be significantly enhanced with the increasing of local squeezing parameter at the expense of the success probability. The entanglement can also be further improved adjusting the local-squeezing or the transmissivity of BSs in a small initial squeezing region. In addition, our scheme is robust against the photon loss in TMSV. The improved effect becomes more obvious due to the presence of local squeezing. However, the case is not true for a more realistic SSQS. In both cases, the asymmetric BSs play a positive role for the entanglement improvement. These results suggest that the squeezing-based SSQS at single-photon level is beneficial to effectively improve the entanglement, which may have potential applications in quantum communication.
Entangled quantum states serve as a pivotal resource in quantum information processing, where the preparation of highly entangled quantum states is a core issue. In this paper, we propose a local displacement-based quantum scissor (LDQS) scheme to enhance the entanglement of the two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state. By introducing a local displacement operation in the traditional quantum scissor, the entanglement of the TMSV state is enhanced by approximately 75 % for low initial squeezing ( r = 0 . 2 ) conditions. Compared with the local squeezing-based quantum scissor scheme (Liu et al., 2022), the LDQS scheme eliminates the need for additional pumping and the use of inefficient nonlinear crystals, thereby simplifying the experimental procedure. Moreover, the LDQS scheme provides a greater enhancement in entanglement when both schemes are implemented with the same success probability. Finally, we also demonstrate that the LDQS operation can be used to enhance the entanglement of the TMSV state in lossy channels. These advantages suggest that our scheme shows promise for application in various quantum information tasks, including quantum metrology and quantum communication. • Enhancing entanglement with local displacement-based quantum scissor scheme. • The scheme is easier to implement than the local squeezing-based quantum scissor. • The scheme exhibits robustness against entanglement degradation.
We present a strong quantum entanglement generation protocol based on two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum (TMPSSV) states. The generated entanglement shows higher entropy than those based on quantum catalysis, quantum scissors, photon-subtracted two-mode squeezed vacuum (PSTMSV) states, nonlocal PSTMSV states, and two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) states in the ideal case. The impacts of experimental imperfections such as losses in the squeezed vacuum states and detection efficiency of single-photon detectors on the generated entanglement based on TMPSSV states are analyzed. When practical experimental imperfections are considered, higher logarithmic negativity than those of ideal PSTMSV states and ideal TMSV states are obtained for low initial squeezing level. Enhancement factor over 2 is obtained when the entanglement generated from imperfect non-Gaussian states passes through two lossy quantum channels in low initial squeezing level. Strong correlation is kept in lossy channels, which shows good robustness of the entanglement generation protocol based on TMPSSV states.
In this work, the basic idea of the quantum scissors (QS) device is slightly modified to generate finite-dimensional quantum states by means of conditional measurements on beam splitters (BSs). It turns out that a QS device with two single-photon inputs and two single-photon detections is just a projection operator composed of the vacuum state, one-photon state, and two-photon state, depending upon the transmission coefficients of BSs. As the most general example, we consider the squeezed coherent state as the input state and derive the analytical expression of the output state. Its nonclassical characteristics are analyzed in detail by means of the average photon number, intensity gain, and Wigner function. In addition, we extend this technique to the two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS). The resulting state is just the generalized Bell state, containing only the twin vacuum, twin one-photon, and twin two-photon components, whose entanglement properties are quantified by the von Neumann entropy and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen correlation. The results show that the entanglement of the truncated TMSVS is stronger than that of TMSVS within a certain range of squeezing parameter and transmissivity.
I theoretically investigate how the entanglement properties of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS) can be enhanced by operating quantum-optical catalysis on each mode of the TMSVS. The quantum-optical catalysis is simply mixing one photon at the beam splitter and post-select the beam-splitter (BS) output based on detection of one photon, first proposed by Lvovsky and Mlynek [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 250401 (2002)]. I find that there exists some enhancement in the entanglement properties (namely, entanglement entropy, second-order Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation, and the fidelity of quantum teleportation) in certain parameter ranges spanned by the low transmissivities of the BSs and the small squeezing parameter of the input TMSVS.
We propose a theoretical scheme for entanglement distillation of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS) by nondeterministic optical nonlinear amplification based on the work of Anisimov et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.104, 103602 (2010)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.104.103602]. By applying the quantum-scissors operations to both modes of the TMSVS, only the twin vacuum and the twin one-photon components can survive in the resulting state. We show that both entanglement and squeezing can be enhanced in the high-transmissivity and low-squeezing region. In addition, a comparison with symmetrical single-photon subtraction and quantum catalysis shows that the proposed states can achieve a better entanglement enhancement than the photon subtraction in a high-transmissivity region, and a similar property is shared by the catalyzed states in low-transmissivity regions.