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Physical Review A

Strong quantum entanglement based on two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum states

Hongbin Song, Guofeng Zhang, Hidehiro Yonezawa

Published Nov 17, 2023• 15 citations

Abstract

We present a strong quantum entanglement generation protocol based on two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum (TMPSSV) states. The generated entanglement shows higher entropy than those based on quantum catalysis, quantum scissors, photon-subtracted two-mode squeezed vacuum (PSTMSV) states, nonlocal PSTMSV states, and two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) states in the ideal case. The impacts of experimental imperfections such as losses in the squeezed vacuum states and detection efficiency of single-photon detectors on the generated entanglement based on TMPSSV states are analyzed. When practical experimental imperfections are considered, higher logarithmic negativity than those of ideal PSTMSV states and ideal TMSV states are obtained for low initial squeezing level. Enhancement factor over 2 is obtained when the entanglement generated from imperfect non-Gaussian states passes through two lossy quantum channels in low initial squeezing level. Strong correlation is kept in lossy channels, which shows good robustness of the entanglement generation protocol based on TMPSSV states.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.052420

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We investigate the phase sensitivity of a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) with an input of a non-Gaussian quantum entangled state, Two-Mode Photon-Subtracted Squeezed Vacuum states (TMPSSV). Parity detection is carried out at the output of the interferometer to obtain the phase uncertainty, which is a physical parameter that can quantify the sensitivity of interferometry. According to the simulation results, TMPSSV has a smaller phase uncertainty than the Two-Mode Squeezed Vacuum state (TMSV) in the entire range of the squeezing parameter which means the sensitivity of interferometry based on TMPSSV is higher than that of TMSV. Therefore, non-Gaussian entanglement based on TMPSSV provides a promising quantum resource for an ultra-sensitivity optical interferometer far beyond the standard quantum limit.

We investigate the photon statistics of two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum states (TMPSSV), which are important factors to affect the sensitivity and resolution of optical interferometers. The comparison between the photon statistics of TMPSSV and two-mode squeezed vacuum states (TMSV) shows that the non-Gaussian operation has the effect of narrowing the characteristic widths of photon number probability distributions. Different from the super-Poissonian statistical distribution of TMSV, when the initial squeezing parameter is lower, TMPSSV shows a sub-Poissonian statistical distribution which is desirable for enhancing the sensitivity and resolution of interferometers. Therefore, non-Gaussian entanglement based on TMPSSV provides a promising quantum resource for an ultra-sensitivity and super-resolution optical interferometer far beyond the standard quantum limit.

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