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Physical Review A

Multiphoton blockade by frequency-matched multitone drive

Guangyu Zhang, Zhihao Liu, Jie‐Qiao Liao, Xun‐Wei Xu

Published Nov 6, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Multiphoton blockade provides an efficient way to achieve entangled photon sources and leads to wide applications in modern quantum technologies. Here, we propose a scheme to realize multiphoton blockade by a multitone drive. Specifically, we demonstrate two-photon and three-photon blockades in a single- mode optical Kerr resonator using a two-tone and a three-tone drive, respectively. In comparison with the single-tone drive, except for the blockade of the $(n+1)\mathrm{th}$ photon excitation due to large detuning, the key mechanism in this scheme is the sequentially resonant excitations of all the $m$-photon states $(m\ensuremath{\le}n)$ by the $n$-tone drive, which lead to the enhancement of photon generation and the demonstration of multiphoton blockade in the weak driving regime. Moreover, the photon distribution within the system can be adjusted on demand by tuning the relative amplitudes of the driving fields for different frequencies. The scheme can be extended to other bosonic systems and be applied to demonstrate other multiphoton physical effects.

DOI
10.1103/pvws-4ybt

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Multiphoton blockade provides an efficient way to achieve entangled photon sources and leads to wide applications in modern quantum technologies. Here, we propose a scheme to realize multiphoton blockade by a multitone drive. Specifically, we demonstrate two-photon and three-photon blockades in a single- mode optical Kerr resonator using a two-tone and a three-tone drive, respectively. In comparison with the single-tone drive, except for the blockade of the (n+1)th(n+1)\mathrm{th}(n+1)th photon excitation due to large detuning, the key mechanism in this scheme is the sequentially resonant excitations of all the mmm-photon states (m\ensuremath≤n)(m\ensuremath{\le}n)(m\ensuremath≤n) by the nnn-tone drive, which lead to the enhancement of photon generation and the demonstration of multiphoton blockade in the weak driving regime. Moreover, the photon distribution within the system can be adjusted on demand by tuning the relative amplitudes of the driving fields for different frequencies. The scheme can be extended to other bosonic systems and be applied to demonstrate other multiphoton physical effects.
Multiphoton blockade provides an efficient way to achieve entangled photon sources and leads to wide applications in modern quantum technologies. Here, we propose a scheme to realize multiphoton blockade by a multi-tone drive. Specifically, we demonstrate two-photon and three-photon blockades in a single-mode optical Kerr resonator using a two-tone and a three-tone drive, respectively. In comparison with the single-tone drive, except for the blockade of the (n+1)(n+1)(n+1)th photon excitation due to large detuning, the key mechanism in this scheme is the sequently resonant excitations of all the mmm-photon states (m≤nm\leq nm≤n) by the nnn-tone drive, which lead to the enhancement of photon generation and the demonstration of multiphoton blockade in the weak driving regime. Moreover, the photon distribution within the system can be adjusted on demand by tuning the relative amplitudes of the driving fields for different frequencies. The scheme can be extended to other bosonic systems and be applied to demonstrate other multiphoton physical effects.
We demonstrate multiphoton blockades (PB) in the pulsed regime by using a Kerr-nonlinear dissipative resonator driven by a sequence of Gaussian pulses. It is shown that the results obtained for single-photon, two-photon, and three-photon blockades in the pulsed excitation regime differ considerably from analogous results obtained for the case of continuous-wave (cw) driving. We strongly demonstrate that for the case of cw pumping of the Kerr-nonlinear resonator there are fundamental limits on populations of lower photonic number states (with n=0n=0n=0, 1, 2, 3). Thus, such detailed comparison demonstrates that PB due to excitation with a suitable photon pulses is realized beyond the fundamental limits established for cw excitations. We analyze photon-number effects and investigate the phase-space properties of PB on the base of photon number populations, the second-order correlation functions, and the Wigner functions in phase space. The generation of Fock states due to PB in the pulsed regime is analyzed in details.
Abstract Photon blockade in weakly nonlinear resonators is often limited by a trade-off among antibunching, resonant excitation, and tunability. We consider a driven two-mode bosonic system coupled by photon-pair exchange. The exchange interaction vanishes in the one-photon manifold but couples the target and auxiliary two-photon states. Destructive interference can therefore suppress the leading target two-photon amplitude without detuning the target mode. In the weak-drive limit, we derive the required drive-amplitude ratio and relative phase, together with the leading correction due to an auxiliary-mode Kerr shift. Steady-state master-equation calculations confirm the analytical condition and quantify the effects of finite drive, loss asymmetry, pair mismatch, residual nonlinearities, single-photon hopping, dephasing, phase fluctuations, and thermal occupation. Under the stated matched linewidth, coherent-drive, and nonlinear-resource convention, the resonant pair-exchange scheme yields a target single-photon population approximately 9.5 times that of an optimized canonical Kerr-UPB benchmark at g a ( 2 ) ( 0 ) ⩽ 10 − 2 . A normalized post-fabrication recovery test further shows that external-drive recalibration restores the interference minimum across the sampled uncertainty window. These results support photon-pair exchange as a controllable route to continuous-wave resonant antibunched emission.
We present a study on manipulation and enhancement of multiphoton bundles emission under a moderate atom-cavity coupling, by constructing a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model integrated with Kerr nonlinearity in a single atom-cavity system. We show that the vacuum-Rabi splittings for the n th dressed states can be significantly enhanced by Kerr interaction. This remarkable enhancement in energy-spectrum anharmonicity with the well-resolved multiphoton resonance facilitates the generation of special nonclassical states beyond the strong-coupling limit in the experiment. In particular, both two- and three-photon blockades are observed with adjusting the amplitude of the cavity-driving or atom-pump fields. Moreover, we discover that transitions between two- and three-photon bundles can be achieved through tuning the atom-cavity detuning or Kerr nonlinearity. It further showcases the three-photon blockade is substantially strengthened when both the cavity and atomic fields are jointly driven. Our proposal unveils a pathway for realizing highly controllable nonclassical states and quantum devices with combining two-photon Jaynes-Cummings interactions and Kerr nonlinearity, which may pave the way for versatile applications in quantum information science, e.g., all-optical switches and transistors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Optomechanical systems are capable of coupling to various engineered quantum systems. The ability of extending optomechanical systems to the quantum regime holds the potential for wide applications in quantum information processing and quantum sensing. Due to its importance in single-photon sources and hybrid quantum devices, optomechanical photon blockade (OMPB) has been theoretically predicted with various types of interactions. However, the realization of OMPB requires strict conditions, such as strong optomechanical coupling or precise control of system parameters. Here, we propose how to release such conditions and realize OMPB with experimentally accessible parameters. We find strong OMPB in a weak coupling regime by using bi-tone drive. Moreover, such OMPB can be flexibly controlled by tuning optical detuning. Our work provides a method for achieving strong antibunched photon-photon correlation in weak coupling optomechanics, enabling hybrid quantum devices for applications in quantum information processing.