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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical

Cryptanalysis and improvement of fair quantum secret sharing based on symmetric bivariate polynomial

Jiebin Gu, Feixiang Li, Shixin Zhu

Published Oct 29, 2025• 1 citation

Abstract

Abstract As a fundamental component of quantum cryptography, quantum secret sharing (SS) faces a critical security challenge: dishonest participants may gain exclusive access to the shared secret through deceptive actions. To address this, recent advances in fair quantum SS have emerged, allowing equitable secret access among all participants. However, our analysis reveals security vulnerabilities in Bai et al ’s fair quantum SS scheme (Physica A, 2022). First, we show that Bai et al ’s scheme is vulnerable to collusion attack by m − 1 dishonest participants when m − 1 ⩾ t , where t is the threshold value. Second, we point that Bai et al ’s scheme is insecure under our defined attack model—the latent attack. In this work, a possible improved scheme is proposed to overcome the security flaws and halve the computational cost.

DOI: 10.1088/1751-8121/ae190b

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