Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Theoretical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

Zhaoxu Ji, Huanguo Zhang

Published Sep 24, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Since its establishment, quantum mechanics has developed for a century and has a very large theoretical system,but the phenomenon of quantum mechanics still lacks a generally accepted explanation,which undoubtedly shows that the existing theoretical system is incomplete.Inspired by ancient Chinese philosophy, we propose a new theoretical framework based onsome existing principles of classical physics and quantum mechanics,which opens a new perspective for the interpretation of quantum mechanics.Furthermore, based on this framework, we design a new algorithm for entanglement swapping,the basic idea of which is to derive two entangled states created by entanglement swapping from all possible observations.We demonstrate the basic idea of the algorithm through the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states,and derive the results of the entanglement swapping between two Bell states,which is surprisingly consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations.Of course, through the proposed algorithm, the correctness of the proposed theoretical framework can be verified.Our work will contribute to a deeper exploration of the mysteries of nature, including quantum mechanical phenomena.

DOI
10.20944/preprints202502.1244.v4

Related papers

Theoretical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

Zhaoxu Ji, Huanguo Zhang

Since its establishment, quantum mechanics has developed for a century and has a very large theoretical system, but the phenomenon of quantum mechanics still lacks a generally accepted explanation, which undoubtedly shows that the existing theoretical system is incomplete. Inspired by ancient Chinese philosophy, we propose a theoretical framework in this paper, which provides a new perspective for explaining quantum mechanical phenomena including superposition and entanglement. In addition, the proposed framework contributes to a profound understanding of the law of conservation of energy. We show through examples how basic superposition states and entangled states are constructed. Our work can inspire people to think deeply about the mysteries of nature, especially quantum mechanical phenomena.

•Mar 6, 2026•0 citations

New Algorithm for Entanglement Swapping

Zhaoxu Ji, Huanguo Zhang

Entanglement swapping is one of the most peculiar quantum mechanical phenomena, which is a key technology to realize long-distance quantum communication and build quantum networks, and has extensive and important applications in quantum information processing. In this paper, we combine some principles of classical physics with those of quantum mechanics to propose a new theoretical framework and design a new algorithm for entanglement swapping based on it, the basic idea of which is to construct two entangled states after entanglement swapping from all possible observations. We demonstrate the algorithm by the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states, and derive the results of entanglement swapping between two Bell states, which are consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations. Our work not only provide new perspectives for exploring quantum mechanical phenomena and the principles behind them, but also can trigger in-depth exploration of the mysteries of nature.

•May 6, 2025•0 citations

New Algorithm for Entanglement Swapping

Zhaoxu Ji, Huanguo Zhang

Entanglement swapping is a key technology to realize long-distance quantum communication and build quantum networks, and has extensive and important applications in quantum information processing. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to obtain entanglement swapping results, which is based on the idea of constructing new entangled states after entanglement swapping from all possible observation outcomes. We demonstrate the algorithm by the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states, and derive the results of entanglement swapping between two 2-level Bell states, which are consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations. Our work can provide new perspectives for thinking about the principles of quantum mechanics and trigger in-depth exploration of quantum mechanics principles and natural mysteries.

•Mar 18, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Entanglement and Non-Asymmetry Theory

Jincheng Zhang

Quantum entanglement, a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechanics, has long been considered a curiosity, but its potential implications for computation are increasingly being recognized. This paper explores the theoretical framework of quantum entanglement within a non-asymmetric computing paradigm, proposing a novel approach that leverages entanglement to achieve enhanced computational capabilities. We delve into the intricacies of establishing a "entanglement operator," investigating its impact on specific mathematical operations, and formulating new algorithms designed to exploit the unique properties of entangled states. This research investigates the possibility of surpassing the limitations of classical computation through the utilization of quantum entanglement, aiming to identify potential breakthroughs and contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between quantum mechanics and computation. The paper presents a preliminary analysis of the proposed mechanism and highlights the significance of this research in advancing theoretical foundations of non-asymmetric computation.

•Sep 7, 2026•0 citations

A Reconstruction Approach to the Schrödinger Equation via the principle of consistency PART II: QUANTUM PHYSICS

Habchi, Rami

This paper proposes a novel framework to derive all known laws of physics from a single foundational principle: the *Law of Consistency*, introduced in Section 2. By applying this law to symmetric states and conditions—regardless of the method of execution—it becomes possible, through pure mathematical reasoning, to reconstruct both classical mechanics (as developed by Isaac Newton) and, more significantly, quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics is reinterpreted in this paper under a new conceptual framework rooted in consistency, providing coherent explanations for key phenomena such as entanglement, decoherence, wave function collapse, interference, the Pauli exclusion principle, and others. The principle of consistency is also extended to the domain of special relativity and shown to underlie its transition into general relativity. Some well-known equations (e.g., *E = mc²*) are re-derived, not for novelty, but to emphasize their foundational basis in the proposed axioms of consistency (Axioms 1 and 2) and logical deduction. Constants of nature (e.g., Planck's constant, *G*, *k*, etc.) are not addressed in this work.they may represent arbitrarily assigned values within the universe,but must be preserved through space and time by definition of the consistency laws.

•Dec 7, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Entanglement Non-Asymmetry Theory

Jincheng Zhang

Quantum entanglement, a cornerstone of quantum mechanics, remains a profoundly mysterious phenomenon. While its existence has been experimentally verified, its fundamental nature remains largely inaccessible to direct manipulation. This paper presents a novel theoretical framework, "Non-Asymmetric Entanglement Theory" (NAET), designed to address this challenge. NAET proposes a fundamentally new approach to understanding and utilizing entanglement by explicitly incorporating non-symmetry into its core principles. We explore the implications of this integration for quantum computation, focusing on enhancing entanglement strength and stability. The theoretical model developed leverages a carefully constructed concept of "Non-Asymmetric Entanglement" to provide a new perspective on the limitations and potential of current quantum algorithms. This work aims to provide a more comprehensive and mathematically rigorous understanding of entanglement, offering a pathway to enhanced quantum computing capabilities.

•Sep 4, 2026•0 citations
Since its establishment, quantum mechanics has developed for a century and has a very large theoretical system,but the phenomenon of quantum mechanics still lacks a generally accepted explanation,which undoubtedly shows that the existing theoretical system is incomplete.Inspired by ancient Chinese philosophy, we propose a new theoretical framework based onsome existing principles of classical physics and quantum mechanics,which opens a new perspective for the interpretation of quantum mechanics.Furthermore, based on this framework, we design a new algorithm for entanglement swapping,the basic idea of which is to derive two entangled states created by entanglement swapping from all possible observations.We demonstrate the basic idea of the algorithm through the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states,and derive the results of the entanglement swapping between two Bell states,which is surprisingly consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations.Of course, through the proposed algorithm, the correctness of the proposed theoretical framework can be verified.Our work will contribute to a deeper exploration of the mysteries of nature, including quantum mechanical phenomena.
Since its establishment, quantum mechanics has developed for a century and has a very large theoretical system, but the phenomenon of quantum mechanics still lacks a generally accepted explanation, which undoubtedly shows that the existing theoretical system is incomplete. Inspired by ancient Chinese philosophy, we propose a theoretical framework in this paper, which provides a new perspective for explaining quantum mechanical phenomena including superposition and entanglement. In addition, the proposed framework contributes to a profound understanding of the law of conservation of energy. We show through examples how basic superposition states and entangled states are constructed. Our work can inspire people to think deeply about the mysteries of nature, especially quantum mechanical phenomena.
Entanglement swapping is one of the most peculiar quantum mechanical phenomena, which is a key technology to realize long-distance quantum communication and build quantum networks, and has extensive and important applications in quantum information processing. In this paper, we combine some principles of classical physics with those of quantum mechanics to propose a new theoretical framework and design a new algorithm for entanglement swapping based on it, the basic idea of which is to construct two entangled states after entanglement swapping from all possible observations. We demonstrate the algorithm by the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states, and derive the results of entanglement swapping between two Bell states, which are consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations. Our work not only provide new perspectives for exploring quantum mechanical phenomena and the principles behind them, but also can trigger in-depth exploration of the mysteries of nature.
Entanglement swapping is a key technology to realize long-distance quantum communication and build quantum networks, and has extensive and important applications in quantum information processing. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to obtain entanglement swapping results, which is based on the idea of constructing new entangled states after entanglement swapping from all possible observation outcomes. We demonstrate the algorithm by the entanglement swapping between two bipartite entangled states, and derive the results of entanglement swapping between two 2-level Bell states, which are consistent with those obtained through algebraic calculations. Our work can provide new perspectives for thinking about the principles of quantum mechanics and trigger in-depth exploration of quantum mechanics principles and natural mysteries.
Quantum entanglement, a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechanics, has long been considered a curiosity, but its potential implications for computation are increasingly being recognized. This paper explores the theoretical framework of quantum entanglement within a non-asymmetric computing paradigm, proposing a novel approach that leverages entanglement to achieve enhanced computational capabilities. We delve into the intricacies of establishing a "entanglement operator," investigating its impact on specific mathematical operations, and formulating new algorithms designed to exploit the unique properties of entangled states. This research investigates the possibility of surpassing the limitations of classical computation through the utilization of quantum entanglement, aiming to identify potential breakthroughs and contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between quantum mechanics and computation. The paper presents a preliminary analysis of the proposed mechanism and highlights the significance of this research in advancing theoretical foundations of non-asymmetric computation.
This paper proposes a novel framework to derive all known laws of physics from a single foundational principle: the *Law of Consistency*, introduced in Section 2. By applying this law to symmetric states and conditions—regardless of the method of execution—it becomes possible, through pure mathematical reasoning, to reconstruct both classical mechanics (as developed by Isaac Newton) and, more significantly, quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics is reinterpreted in this paper under a new conceptual framework rooted in consistency, providing coherent explanations for key phenomena such as entanglement, decoherence, wave function collapse, interference, the Pauli exclusion principle, and others. The principle of consistency is also extended to the domain of special relativity and shown to underlie its transition into general relativity. Some well-known equations (e.g., *E = mc²*) are re-derived, not for novelty, but to emphasize their foundational basis in the proposed axioms of consistency (Axioms 1 and 2) and logical deduction. Constants of nature (e.g., Planck's constant, *G*, *k*, etc.) are not addressed in this work.they may represent arbitrarily assigned values within the universe,but must be preserved through space and time by definition of the consistency laws.
Quantum entanglement, a cornerstone of quantum mechanics, remains a profoundly mysterious phenomenon. While its existence has been experimentally verified, its fundamental nature remains largely inaccessible to direct manipulation. This paper presents a novel theoretical framework, "Non-Asymmetric Entanglement Theory" (NAET), designed to address this challenge. NAET proposes a fundamentally new approach to understanding and utilizing entanglement by explicitly incorporating non-symmetry into its core principles. We explore the implications of this integration for quantum computation, focusing on enhancing entanglement strength and stability. The theoretical model developed leverages a carefully constructed concept of "Non-Asymmetric Entanglement" to provide a new perspective on the limitations and potential of current quantum algorithms. This work aims to provide a more comprehensive and mathematically rigorous understanding of entanglement, offering a pathway to enhanced quantum computing capabilities.