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Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism

Influence of Microwave Radiation on Current–voltage Characteristic of Non-ideal Josephson Junctions

Alexander N. Lykov, I. A. Lykov

Published Sep 24, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10948-025-07052-0

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The current–voltage characteristics of a micrometre bridge of intrinsic Josephson junctions under microwave irradiation are studied. The collective switching of the group of four junctions splits up as the AC signal amplitude is gradually increased. The switching current of the remaining group of junctions is increased with increasing radiation power. We consider that microwave irradiation injects an additional quasiparticle current into the Josephson junction array. We use ideas of breakdown of quasineutrality and quasiparticle charge imbalance in the superconducting layers and explain the experimental results by the competition between the 'current effect' and the effect of suppression of the switching current by irradiation.
Abstract The method of numerical solution of equations is used within the resistive model to study the behavior of deviations of the current‒voltage characteristics of nonideal Josephson junctions from similar characteristics of ideal (standard) junctions. Nonideal Josephson junctions are those in which the current‒phase relation contains additional Josephson harmonics. The dependences of the amplitudes of current steps (Shapiro steps) on the power of external electromagnetic radiation is calculated. The shape of these dependences is shown to deviate from the corresponding dependences for ideal Josephson junctions. In addition, the paper examines the features of the occurrence of additional current steps on the current‒voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions and shows a possibility of their absence in the case of the presence of additional harmonics in the current‒phase relation. The obtained results prove that by analyzing the step structure of the current‒voltage characteristics it is possible to obtain information about the properties of Josephson junctions and superconductors that form them.
It has been shown recently that the current-voltage characteristic of a metallic (non-tunneling) Josephson junction could exhibit a negative differential resistance at low voltages, as a predictable and reproducible effect. This letter shows an alternative procedure to generate non-Josephson microwaves (in the cm and mm range) taking advantage of this effect. It is shown that, instead of obtaining harmonic oscillations with the AC Josephson effect, it is possible to generate microwaves using the averaged IVC (current-voltage characteristics) of a SNS junction (a Josephson junction which exhibits no tunneling and has no hysteresis in the IVC).