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Laser Physics

Improving the fidelity of teleportation through correlated amplitude damping decoherence using parity-time symmetric operation

Yi-Ting Wen, Yang Leng

Published Sep 1, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Quantum teleportation fidelity is severely degraded by environmental noise, especially correlated amplitude damping (CAD) decoherence with non-negligible memory effects, which is more practical in high-rate transmission. This paper investigates enhancing teleportation fidelity under CAD noise using parity-time ( PT ) symmetric operation, we first analyze teleportation dynamics under CAD, showing its average fidelity outperforms uncorrelated amplitude damping. Moreover, we show that the PT symmetric operation could drastically enhance the fidelity in CAD noise. Results demonstrate PT symmetric operation significantly boost average fidelity, which remains above the classical limit of 2/3. Optimized via adjusting non-Hermitian parameters, the fidelity can even reach 1. Our results extend the ability of PT symmetric operation as a technique in various quantum information processes which are affected by correlated noise.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ae0285

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Abstract Quantum teleportation fidelity is severely degraded by environmental noise, especially correlated amplitude damping (CAD) decoherence with non-negligible memory effects, which is more practical in high-rate transmission. This paper investigates enhancing teleportation fidelity under CAD noise using parity-time ( PT ) symmetric operation, we first analyze teleportation dynamics under CAD, showing its average fidelity outperforms uncorrelated amplitude damping. Moreover, we show that the PT symmetric operation could drastically enhance the fidelity in CAD noise. Results demonstrate PT symmetric operation significantly boost average fidelity, which remains above the classical limit of 2/3. Optimized via adjusting non-Hermitian parameters, the fidelity can even reach 1. Our results extend the ability of PT symmetric operation as a technique in various quantum information processes which are affected by correlated noise.
Abstract Quantum teleportation, a cornerstone of quantum information processing, faces critical challenges from environmental noise such as amplitude damping (AD), which degrades entanglement and reduces teleportation fidelity below the classical limit of 2/3. This study investigates the role of parity-time ( PT ) symmetric operations, a type of non-Hermitian operation, in enhancing teleportation fidelity under AD noise. We first derive the explicit dynamics of entangled states subjected to AD noise using Kraus operators, showing that the average fidelity decays monotonically with increasing decoherence strength. By introducing local PT symmetric operations, we show the average fidelity exhibits periodic linear oscillations, with minimum values increasing with non-Hermiticity and remaining above 2/3, while maximum fidelity consistently reaches the optimal value of 1. These results confirm that non-Hermitian operations effectively protect quantum teleportation fidelity, maintaining stability and optimal performance despite parameter variations. Experimental feasibility is discussed using nuclear magnetic resonance systems with duality quantum computing techniques.
From the perspective of quantum information transmission, one may be interested in the teleportation of quantum Fisher information (QFI) which provides the optimal precision of parameter estimation. In this paper, we investigate the teleportation of QFI under the correlated amplitude damping (CAD) decoherence. It is found that the correlated effects play a positive role in improving the teleported QFI, but the impact of decoherence is still serious. Therefore, we propose two schemes, which are based on weak measurement (WM) and environment-assisted measurement (EAM), to enhance the teleportation of QFI under the CAD decoherence. The results show that both schemes can significantly improve the teleported QFI with a certain success probability. The findings of our study suggest that the correlated effects can significantly increase the success probabilities of these two schemes. A detailed comparison confirms that the EAM scheme is more efficient than the WM scheme in improving the teleportation of QFI.
Abstract We investigate the effect of local parity-time ( PT ) symmetric operation on quantum teleportation in non-Markovian environments, focusing on resonant and off-resonant regimes. An exactly solvable two-qubit model with independent structured reservoirs is built to derive the average teleportation fidelity. We show that the PT symmetric operation lead to oscillatory fidelity decay with local revivals instead of monotonic decay, and optimally PT symmetric operation can stably keep the average fidelity above the classical 2/3 limit even in off-resonant non-Markovian regimes, effectively protecting the quantum advantage of teleportation.
We investigate the standard quantum teleportation protocol for a single-qubit state, focusing on the scenario where the qubit undergoes a class of non-unitary evolution governed by parity-time ( \mathcal{PT} 𝒫 𝒯 )-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Additionally, we examine the case where the entangled pair shared by Alice and Bob is exposed to a noise channel. In the \mathcal{PT} 𝒫 𝒯 -symmetric regime, the teleportation fidelity exhibits time-dependent oscillations. Compared to the conventional case without non-Hermitian operations, periodic enhancements in fidelity are observed, and we analytically derive their dependence on the parameters of both the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and noise channel. When the \mathcal{PT} 𝒫 𝒯 symmetry is broken, the fidelity ceases to oscillate and instead decays to a steady value. Notably, even in this regime, non-Hermitian operations can yield fidelity improvements over conventional schemes. We further investigate the teleportation of quantum Fisher information (QFI) and find that its evolutionary behavior differs from that of fidelity. Analytical results reveal that QFIs corresponding to different estimated parameters exhibit distinct outcomes at Bob’s receiving end during teleportation. Furthermore, we derive a trade-off inequality between fidelity and QFI, offering a theoretical tool to coordinately optimize these two quantities in the teleportation process.
In this paper, an optimal asymmetric controlled teleportation protocol is proposed, where a three-dimensional (3D) GHZ entangled state is utilized to teleport an arbitrary unknown two-dimensional (2D) qubit and the correlation between the two entangled qutrits caused by their continuous transmission through a noisy channel is considered. We design a high-dimensional feed-forward control operator and use weak measurement reversal instead of the unitary operations in standard teleportation to mitigate the reduction in fidelity caused by noise. We further derive the average fidelity and overall success probability of the proposed teleportation protocol, and simulate its performance under correlated amplitude damping (CAD) and amplitude damping (AD) noise channels. The simulation results show that our protocol significantly improves the average fidelity under CAD noise. In particular, under AD noise, the average fidelity remains constant at 1. Moreover, we derive the optimal overall success probability without compromising fidelity. To verify the superiority of the feed-forward control method, we also calculate and analyze the performance of an asymmetric controlled teleportation protocol using only environment-assisted measurement (EAM), and compare it with the performance of our protocol through simulation. The results demonstrate that our protocol outperforms the protocol using only EAM methods in both CAD and AD noise.
This study focuses on the impact of amplitude-damping noise, which diminishes the fidelity of the teleported quantum state on an existing cyclic quantum teleportation scheme [V. Verma, D. Yadav and D. K. Mishra, Opt. Quantum Electron. 53 (2021) 1]. The CQT scheme involves three participants performing a cyclic teleportation along with a controller to supervise the protocol. We also propose weak measurement and reversal measurement operations as potential solutions to combat the noise-induced decoherence and improve the fidelity of the existing CQT scheme. The simulation results showcase the improvements achieved in the fidelity calculation when implementing the potential solutions. The findings hold immense potential for quantum information communications in practical situations.