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OptoElectronics and Communications Conference and International Conference on Photonics in Switching and Computing (OECC/PSC)

High Brightness Photon Pair Source Based on High-Q Silicon Racetrack Resonator

Jinzhao Wang, Zheng Cao, Kunrun Lu, Yuanlin Li, Jiewen Li, Weiming Yao, Xiaochuan Xu

Published Jun 29, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a high-brightness on-chip photon pair source based on a high-Q racetrackshaped silicon microresonator, achieving a quality factor of approximately $1.75 \times 10^{5}$ and an on-chip photon pair generation brightness of $9.8 \text{MHz} \cdot \text{mW}^{-1} \cdot \text{nm}^{-1}$ .

DOI
10.23919/oecc/psc62146.2025.11110496

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We demonstrate a high-brightness on-chip photon pair source based on a high-Q racetrackshaped silicon microresonator, achieving a quality factor of approximately 1.75×1051.75 \times 10^{5}1.75×105 and an on-chip photon pair generation brightness of 9.8MHz⋅mW−1⋅nm−19.8 \text{MHz} \cdot \text{mW}^{-1} \cdot \text{nm}^{-1}9.8MHz⋅mW−1⋅nm−1 .
Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs through spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in silicon devices serves as a crucial resource for integrated quantum photonic technologies. Enhancing the intracavity field in high-quality-factor (Q) resonators enables energy-efficient photon-pair generation, with the photon-pair generation rate (PGR) scaling cubically with the Q factor. In this work, we demonstrate a high-brightness on-chip photon-pair source based on a racetrack resonator with a high Q factor of 1.75 × 105, fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform requiring only a single-etch process. By combining uniform multimode waveguides with optimized Euler bends, we suppress fundamental mode loss and minimize round-trip cavity dispersion, thereby improving both field enhancement and frequency matching for SFWM processes. With a continuous-wave pump of only 44.67 µW, we achieve an on-chip brightness of 1.54 GHz·mW−2·nm−1. These results establish a fabrication-friendly and efficient photon-pair source architecture for integrated quantum photonic systems.
Entangled photon-pair sources are essential components for emerging quantum information-processing technologies. Among various platforms, on-chip microresonators offer strong potential due to their resonant enhancement and suitability for wafer-scale integration. In this study, we demonstrate ultrabright entangled photon-pair generation from high- Q silicon microring resonators. By optimizing the device geometry and coupling configuration to suppress sidewall scattering and selectively excite the fundamental mode, we achieve single-mode resonance with an intrinsic Q -factor of 1.26 × 10 6 using only standard fabrication processes available in CMOS foundries. The resulting high- Q resonator yields a record-high brightness coefficient of 3.9 × 10 9 Hz/GHz/mW 2 . At an on-chip pump power of 240 μW, we obtain a maximum brightness of 22.0 MHz/GHz and a maximum photon-pair generation rate of 9.19 MHz. At a low-pump power of 10 μW, Franson-type two-photon interference exhibits a visibility of 98.0 ± 0.2%, confirming high-quality time–energy entanglement. These results show that narrow bandwidth and high generation rate can be achieved simultaneously in CMOS-compatible silicon photonic sources, thereby advancing their use in quantum repeaters and scalable quantum networks.
Integrated quantum photonics relies critically on the purity, scalability, integrability, and flexibility of a photon source to support diverse quantum functionalities on a single chip. Here we report a chip-scale photon-pair source on the silicon-on-insulator platform that utilizes dramatic cavity-enhanced four-wave mixing in a high-Q silicon microdisk resonator. The device is able to produce high-quality photon pairs at different wavelengths with a high spectral brightness of 6.24×10(7) pairs/s/mW(2)/GHz and photon-pair correlation with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of 1386 ± 278 while pumped with a continuous-wave laser. The superior performance, together with the structural compactness and CMOS compatibility, opens up a great avenue towards quantum silicon photonics with capability of multi-channel parallel information processing for both integrated quantum computing and long-haul quantum communication.
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