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Quantum-Enhanced Salinity and Temperature Sensing Based on Generalized Talbot Effect and Intensity-Correlated Twin Beams

Tenghui Mao, Hailong Wang, Dongxu Wang, Cheng Peng, Ben Xu, Chunliu Zhao

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.2139/ssrn.5387801

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Scientific Reports•Feb 29, 2016•19 citations
In this work, a sandwich fiber structure based on the combination of Talbot effect and intensity correlated twin beams has been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The twin beams are composed of signal and idler beams. In this sense, signal beam is acted as the sensing role to interact with this sandwich fiber structure, and idler beam is regard as a reference role to implement balanced differential measurement for eliminating classical common noise and beating standard quantum limit (SQL). Comparing with SQL, the present experimental results affirm that the maximum signal-to-noise ratio enhancement of 1.196 dB in the strain sensing (0 με to 2077.9 με).
The dynamics of intense twin beams in pump-depleted parametric down-conversion is studied. A generalized parametric approximation is suggested to solve the quantum model. Its comparison with a semiclassical model valid for larger twin-beam intensities confirms its applicability. The experimentally observed maxima in the spectral and spatial intensity auto- and cross- correlation functions depending on pump power are explained in terms of different speeds of the (back-) flow of energy between the individual down-converted modes and the corresponding pump modes. This effect is also responsible for the gradual replacement of the initial exponential growth of the down-converted fields by the linear one. Furthermore, it forms a minimum in the curve giving the effective number of twin-beam modes. These effects manifest a tight relation between the twin-beam coherence and its internal structure, as clearly visible in the model. Multiple maxima in the intensity correlation functions originating in the oscillations of energy flow between the pump and down-converted modes are theoretically predicted.