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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Hole g-factor Anisotropy Impacts Spin-Photon Entanglement in InGaAs Quantum Dots

Polluri Ramesh, Emilio Annoni, Nico Margaria, Dario Fioretto, A. Pischagin, Martina Morassi, Aristide Lemaître, Matthew F. Doty, P. Senellart, L. Lanco, Nadia Belabas, Stephen C. Wein, O. Krebs

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We probe the origin of hole g-factor anisotropy in InGaAs QDs, using photo-luminescence measurements to construct a spin Hamiltonian model, then using this model to simulate the impact of the anisotropy on spin-photon entanglement generation.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2025.qtu4b.4

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The impact of hole ggg-factor anisotropy on spin-photon entanglement generation with InGaAs quantum dots
Self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are of particular importance for the deterministic generation of spin-photon entanglement. One promising scheme relies on the Larmor precession of a spin in a transverse magnetic field, which is governed by the in-plane ggg-factors of the electron and valence band heavy-hole. We probe the origin of heavy-hole ggg-factor anisotropy with respect to the in-plane magnetic field direction and uncover how it impacts the entanglement generated between the spin and the photon polarization. First, using polarization-resolved photoluminescence measurements on a single QD, we determine that the impact of valence-band mixing dominates over effects due to a confinement-renormalized cubic Luttinger qqq parameter. From this, we construct a comprehensive hole ggg-tensor model. We then use this model to simulate the concurrence and fidelity of spin-photon entanglement generation with anisotropic hole ggg-factors, which can be tuned via magnetic field angle and excitation polarization. The results demonstrate that post-growth control of the hole ggg-factor can be used to improve spin-photon cluster state generation.
A central challenge for scalable quantum networks is the realization of coherent interfaces between stationary qubits and telecom-band photonic qubits for long-distance entanglement distribution. Semiconductor quantum dots emitting at telecom wavelengths present a promising spin-photon platform, and a precise understanding of the properties of the confined spin is crucial for optimizing its interplay with the photonic qubit. Here, we simultaneously benchmark the electron and hole g-factors and coherence properties of a droplet epitaxy QD, solely from time and polarization resolved photon correlations. These measurements identify the hole as the preferable qubit for spin-photon entanglement in quantum network nodes. We then perform full state tomography of the confined hole ground state to reveal subtle anisotropies in the spin precession, providing essential diagnostics for minimizing phase errors critical for deterministic multiphoton entanglement generation.
The authors report on a mechanism of strong enhancement of the band Land\'e parameter qqq due to in-plane confinement of holes and the valence-band warping. This explains the surprisingly large in-plane hole ggg factor in symmetric self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots with D2dD2dD2d symmetry as revealed by coherent optical spectroscopy. The proposed mechanism results in uniform magnetic field induced optical anisotropy for the entire quantum dot ensemble, which is a prerequisite for the realization of spin quantum memories and spin-photon entanglement in the ensemble.
A central challenge for scalable quantum networks is the realization of coherent interfaces between stationary qubits and telecom-band photonic qubits for long-distance entanglement distribution. Semiconductor quantum dots emitting at telecom wavelengths present a promising spin–photon platform, and a precise understanding of the properties of the confined spin is crucial for optimizing its interplay with the photonic qubit. Here, we simultaneously benchmark the electron and hole g -factors and coherence properties of a droplet epitaxy quantum dot, solely from time- and polarization-resolved photon correlations. These measurements identify the hole as the preferable qubit for spin–photon entanglement in quantum network nodes. We then perform full state tomography of the confined hole ground state to reveal subtle anisotropies in the spin precession, providing essential diagnostics for minimizing phase errors critical for deterministic multiphoton entanglement generation.
Measurement-based quantum computing, vital for scalable photonic quantum technologies, is limited by inefficient generation of high-fidelity cluster states from spin-photon entanglement in semiconductor quantum dots. This work explores the deep connections between quantum dot spin physics and quantum optics, leading to the discovery of strong anisotropy in the entanglement process and identification of optimal entanglement conditions to improve cluster-state fidelity. That insight enables improved cluster-state sources, advancing optical quantum computing and quantum networks.