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Scientific Reports

A prototype of secure telephone communication

Lifeng Lin, Zijian Zhou, Peihe Jiang, Sanjun Liu, Lai Wei, Bingli Jiao

Published Jul 28, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates a secure wireline telephone communication system that implements physical layer security (PLS) through artificial noise (AN) injection. The PLS-based telephone system strategically superimposes AN onto transmitted signals to prevent potential eavesdropping attempts along the twisted-pair line while enabling clean signal recovery at legitimate receivers through coordinated AN cancellation. Experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness against wiretapping, with implemented prototype circuits confirming the practical feasibility of our AN-based security approach while maintaining communication quality.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-025-12882-y

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This paper investigates a secure wireline telephone communication system that implements physical layer security (PLS) through artificial noise (AN) injection. The PLS-based telephone system strategically superimposes AN onto transmitted signals to prevent potential eavesdropping attempts along the twisted-pair line while enabling clean signal recovery at legitimate receivers through coordinated AN cancellation. Experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness against wiretapping, with implemented prototype circuits confirming the practical feasibility of our AN-based security approach while maintaining communication quality.
This paper presents a secure wire-line telephone system that employs physical layer security (PLS) to protect against wiretapping. The system generates artificial noise (AN) in both transmission directions and uses a telephone hybrid circuit to effectively suppress the AN for the purpose of secure communication. Furthermore, we analyze the secrecy capacity of the system and evaluate its performance through theoretical analysis and practical experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed system can significantly enhance communication security while preserving the integrity of legitimate signals. The results also validate that the proposed system is a robust and effective solution for securing wire-line telephone communications.
The Artificial noise (AN) injection scheme is recently proposed to secure wireless transmissions. By simultaneously transmitting data symbols and artificial interference, it prevents the eavesdropper from decoding the secret message intended for the legitimate receiver. In this paper, we mainly focus on weakness of the AN security scheme. First, we analyze the necessary condition for such a scheme to guarantee that the legitimate transmitter-receiver pair can achieve a positive secrecy communication rate. And then, we further propose an effective eavesdropping strategy to counteract such a security scheme once the condition does not hold up in some wireless systems. Our proposed wiretap method involves complex-valued independent component analysis (ICA) and requires the antenna number of the eavesdropper's is larger or equal to that of the transmitter's. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this wiretap method.
This paper considers the problem of physical layer security of a wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. We first develop a transmit filter-aided secure OFDM system scheme which can disturb eavesdropper's receptions by destroying the orthogonality of OFDM signals at the eavesdropper, while the quality of legitimate transmission is maintained. Then, in an effort to further improve the security performance, we also propose an artificial noise (AN)-aided secure OFDM system associated with the transmit filter-aided approach. AN is generated in the null space of the legitimate channel by making use of residual power after power allocation for subcarriers. Therefore, AN can only disrupt eavesdropper's receptions but not affect legitimate receiver. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed transmit filter and AN-aided physical layer security designs in the OFDM wiretap system.
The broadcast nature of wireless network leads to significant challenges to its information security. Recently,artificial noise(AN) is proposed to be injected into the wiretap channel to interfere the eavesdropper for secret communication at the physical-layer. In this paper,we investigate the necessary condition for this AN-aided scheme to ensure communication security,and further propose an effective wiretap algorithm to counteract such a security scheme. When the eavesdropper equips more antennas than the transmitter,it is able to cancel artificial interference and extract the secret information by complex-valued independent component analysis(ICA). Numerical simulation results verify that our proposed algorithm can defeat the AN-aided security scheme and implement eavesdropping effectively.
This paper introduces a revolutionary physical layer security paradigm: Artificial Signal Injection and Superposition (ASIS), a novel framework that actively injects carefully designed artificial signals into the communication channel, creating a superposition with legitimate user data to achieve unprecedented security guarantees. Unlike traditional physical layer security methods that rely on passive channel characteristics, ASIS actively engineers the signal space to create controlled interference that benefits legitimate receivers while confounding eavesdroppers. Our approach leverages multi-dimensional signal processing, game-theoretic optimization, and information-theoretic principles to design injection signals that are: (1) decodable by intended receivers using advanced signal separation techniques, (2) indistinguishable from noise or interference to unauthorized listeners, and (3) adaptive to channel conditions and eavesdropper capabilities. The ASIS framework provides provable security against both passive and active attacks, achieves informationtheoretic secrecy rates, and can be implemented using existing wireless hardware with firmware upgrades. Experimental results from our software-defined radio testbed demonstrate 40 dB SNR advantage for legitimate receivers over eavesdroppers, bit error rates below 10 −6 for legitimate users versus > 0.4 for eavesdroppers, and throughput improvements of 15-30% compared to conventional cryptographic approaches due to reduced overhead. The proposed system represents a paradigm shift in secure communications, moving from passive protection to active signal-space engineering for security.
Physical layer security (PLS) is a promising technology to secure wireless communications by exploiting the physical properties of the wireless channel. However, the passive nature of PLS creates a significant imbalance between the effort required by eavesdroppers and legitimate users to secure data. To address this imbalance, in this article, we propose a novel framework of physical layer deception (PLD), which combines PLS with deception technologies to actively counteract wiretapping attempts. Combining a two-stage encoder with randomized ciphering and non-orthogonal multiplexing, the PLD approach enables the wireless communication system to proactively counter eavesdroppers with deceptive messages. Relying solely on the superiority of the legitimate channel over the eavesdropping channel, the PLD framework can effectively protect the confidentiality of the transmitted messages, even against eavesdroppers who possess knowledge equivalent to that of the legitimate receiver. We prove the validity of the PLD framework with in-depth analyses and demonstrate its superiority over conventional PLS approaches with comprehensive numerical benchmarks.