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International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)

Transmit filter and artificial noise aided physical layer security for OFDM systems

Wenfei Liu, Ming Li, Guangyu Ti, Xiaowen Tian, Qian Liu

Published Oct 1, 2016• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper considers the problem of physical layer security of a wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. We first develop a transmit filter-aided secure OFDM system scheme which can disturb eavesdropper's receptions by destroying the orthogonality of OFDM signals at the eavesdropper, while the quality of legitimate transmission is maintained. Then, in an effort to further improve the security performance, we also propose an artificial noise (AN)-aided secure OFDM system associated with the transmit filter-aided approach. AN is generated in the null space of the legitimate channel by making use of residual power after power allocation for subcarriers. Therefore, AN can only disrupt eavesdropper's receptions but not affect legitimate receiver. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed transmit filter and AN-aided physical layer security designs in the OFDM wiretap system.

DOI
10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752562

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This paper considers the problem of physical layer security of a wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. We first develop a transmit filter-aided secure OFDM system scheme which can disturb eavesdropper's receptions by destroying the orthogonality of OFDM signals at the eavesdropper, while the quality of legitimate transmission is maintained. Then, in an effort to further improve the security performance, we also propose an artificial noise (AN)-aided secure OFDM system associated with the transmit filter-aided approach. AN is generated in the null space of the legitimate channel by making use of residual power after power allocation for subcarriers. Therefore, AN can only disrupt eavesdropper's receptions but not affect legitimate receiver. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed transmit filter and AN-aided physical layer security designs in the OFDM wiretap system.
Physical layer security has been considered as an important security approach in wireless communications to protect legitimate transmission from passive eavesdroppers. This paper investigates the physical layer security of a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system in the presence of a multiple-antenna eavesdropper. We first propose a transmit-filter-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system which can destroy the orthogonality of eavesdropper's signals. Our proposed transmit filter can disturb the reception of eavesdropper while maintaining the quality of legitimate transmission. Then, we propose another artificial noise (AN)-assisted secure MIMO-OFDM system to further improve the security of the legitimate transmission. The time-domain AN signal is designed to disturb the reception of eavesdropper while the legitimate transmission will not be affected. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the security performance of the proposed transmit filter design and AN-assisted scheme in the MIMO-OFDM system.
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) offers a promising solution for emerging high-data-rate services. Moreover, physical layer security was proposed as an alternative way to provide information security in wireless communications. In this work, we focus on improving physical layer security in OFDM systems. Our approach perturbs the effective channels observed at eavesdroppers by nonlinear distortion, while maintaining the same effective channel experienced at the intended receiver. At the transmitter, the perturbation on eavesdropper's effective channel is random and can be changed on a symbol-by-symbol basis based on the known original channel state information (CSI). At the intended receiver, no additional information or information exchange with the transmitter is required for data detection. We derive the results of the proposed scheme for the multiple-input single-output single-antenna-eavesdropper (MISOSE) wiretap channel. According to simulations, the proposed scheme can severely degrade the receiving performance at eavesdroppers and outperform the artificial-noise-based approaches in the performance measure of BER.
This paper investigates artificial noise injection into the temporal and spatial dimensions of a legitimate wireless communication system to secure its transmissions from potential eavesdropping. We consider a multiple-input single-output (MISO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in the presence of a single-antenna passive eavesdropper and derive both the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate of the legitimate system. It is assumed that the legitimate transmitter knows the full channel information of the legitimate transceivers but does not know the instantaneous channel state information of the passive eavesdropper. Closed-form expressions for the secrecy rate and average secrecy rate are derived for the asymptotic case with a large number of transmit antennas. We also investigate 1) the power allocation between the data and the AN; 2) the power allocation between the spatial and the temporal AN. Computer simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of our proposed artificial noise scheme.
Artificial fast fading (AFF) is one of the physical layer security schemes that achieve secure communications. In the AFF scheme, the signal to be transmitted is multiplied by a random weight which is called the AFF weight. As a result, the effect like fast fading is added to the transmitting signal, and the demodulation performance of an eavesdropper is degraded. In contrast, since the AFF weight is generated to be canceled out by the effect of channel between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver, it does not degrade the demodulation performance of the legitimate receiver. In the existing AFF scheme, only single-stream transmission is considered. However, recent wireless communications systems mostly adopt multiple-stream transmission. In this paper, we propose an AFF generation scheme for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Simulation results show that the AFF produced by our AFF generation scheme is successfully canceled out at the legitimate receiver, and the mutual information of the legitimate receiver is increased along with the number of transmitted streams.
PHY-layer security is one of promising techniques for enhanced security and privacy protection in 5G communications. In this paper, the joint resource allocation and artificial noise (AN) design problem of multiuser wiretap orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is investigated to improve the system secrecy rate and power efficiency, which can help to provide waveform design references for secure 5G communications. In such a multiuser wiretap OFDM system, one legitimate transmitter (Alice), multiple legitimate receivers (Bobs), and one eavesdropper (Eve) are simultaneously considered. The time-domain artificial noise is firstly involved to guarantee the target secrecy rates of multiple Bobs. Then a sum secrecy rate maximization problem with nonconvex integer nonlinear programming is formulated to jointly optimize the power, subcarrier allocation and AN design. To solve this tough problem with low computational complexity, a heuristical sub-optimal subcarrier allocation method is proposed, followed by the Lagrange dual method based joint power allocation and AN design scheme. Moreover, considering that sum secrecy rate maximization may result in unfairness for Bobs with bad channel gains, the transmit power minimization problem that ensures a target secrecy rate for each individual Bob is further addressed. An iterative algorithm is proposed to solve this power minimization problem by updating the subcarrier, power allocation and AN design alternatively. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
This paper addresses physical layer security in MIMO communications over frequency selective wireless channels in the presence of passive eavesdroppers, i.e. the associated channels are unknown to the legitimate transmitter. Signalling is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Spatial beamforming is performed to improve the quality of the legitimate link. With the aim of confusing the eavesdroppers, a fraction of the available power is allocated to transmit artificial noise. Frequency diversity is shown to significantly improve secrecy. A probabilistic analysis of secrecy is presented.