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Optics Communications

All-optical generation of structured light via microwave-field-controlled spontaneous emission

M. A. Antón, E. Cabrera

Published Jul 7, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for achieving spatially dependent spontaneous emission by using vortex light beams (OAM) in a five level atomic configuration. It consists of an upper excited level and four lower metastable levels. The excited level is simultaneously coupled to two ground levels by a coherent probe field and a vortex field, respectively. In addition, a microwave field couples two of the ground levels. The excited state is assumed to be coupled by the vacuum modes in the free space and eventually decays to a fifth metastable level. It is found that by manipulating key parameters such as the strength of the Laguerre–Gauss beams, the Rabi frequency and detuning of an external microwave field, and the initial state of the atoms, we can achieve highly tunable spontaneous emission spectra . A wide variety of spatiospectral behavior, including two-dimensional spectral-peak narrowing, spectral-peak enhancement and spontaneous emission quenching is obtained.

DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132128

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We propose a scheme for achieving spatially dependent spontaneous emission by using vortex light beams (OAM) in a five level atomic configuration. It consists of an upper excited level and four lower metastable levels. The excited level is simultaneously coupled to two ground levels by a coherent probe field and a vortex field, respectively. In addition, a microwave field couples two of the ground levels. The excited state is assumed to be coupled by the vacuum modes in the free space and eventually decays to a fifth metastable level. It is found that by manipulating key parameters such as the strength of the Laguerre–Gauss beams, the Rabi frequency and detuning of an external microwave field, and the initial state of the atoms, we can achieve highly tunable spontaneous emission spectra . A wide variety of spatiospectral behavior, including two-dimensional spectral-peak narrowing, spectral-peak enhancement and spontaneous emission quenching is obtained.
We propose a scheme aimed at achieving spatiospectral control over spontaneous emission within a four-level atom-light coupling system interacting with optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). The atom comprises a ground level and two excited states coupled with two laser fields, forming a V subsystem where the upper states exclusively decay to a common fourth state via two channels. By investigating various initial states of the atom and considering the presence or absence of quantum interference in spontaneous emission channels, we analyze how the characteristics of the OAM-carrying vortex beam imprint onto the emission spectrum. The interplay between the optical vortex and the quantum system, including its environment modes, induces a wide variety of spatiospectral behavior, including two-dimensional spectral-peak narrowing, spectral-peak enhancement, spectral-peak suppression, and spontaneous emission reduction or quenching in the spatial azimuthal plane. Our findings shed light on the dynamics of atom--vortex-beam light interactions and offer insights into the manipulation of emission properties at the quantum level.
We propose an efficient scheme to manipulate spontaneous emission spectra using optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a coherently driven cold five-level atomic system assisted by a radio frequency (RF) or microwave field. Using experimentally achievable parameters, we find that the spontaneous emission is strongly influenced by quantum destructive interference. And we show that the structured light profile of the probe field can be transferred to the spontaneous emission spectrum via spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). With the aid of SGC, the intensities and detunings of the control and RF fields can be used to tailor the vortex-induced spontaneous emission spectra. When the control and RF fields are configured as vortex beams, it is demonstrated that the spontaneous emission can be coherently controlled through quantum interference by adjusting their topological charges (TCs). Furthermore, we explore intriguing optical properties of the vortex-induced spontaneous emission by varying the TCs of the probe and control fields. This coherently driven atomic system features three closely spaced levels, giving rise to multiple vortex-induced SGC pathways. Our scheme opens avenues for applications in structured light, ranging from optical storage to optical communication.
The spontaneous emission property of a five-level atom with a loop structure driven by three optical fields and a microwave field is intensively studied. Several quantum interference effects can be observed in the spontaneous emission spectra, such as spectral-line narrowing, spectral-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, partial cancellation and fluorescence quenching. The number of emission peaks, the positions of dark lines can be controlled by varying the intensities of driving fields or the phase of the microwave field coupling the two lower levels in the atomic system. Furthermore, since no rigorous conditions are required, the expected phenomena may easily be achieved experimentally in atomic systems.
We propose a scheme to analyze the generation and detection of optical vortices via spontaneous emission spectra. We consider a five-level M-type atomic system that interacts with two structured coherent light sources and the vacuum radiation field. The photon emitted via spontaneous decay carries information about the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the newly generated structured light. It is found that by varying the OAM of the driving fields, one can obtain various unique structured light fields via the interference of the two spontaneous decay channels. This research provides deep insights into how the manipulation of OAM of the driving fields coupled with multilevel atomic systems can enable control over the azimuthal aspects of the spontaneous emission. Considering the rich applications of structured light ranging from optical storage to optical communication, our proposal might be useful in quantum information processing techniques.
We demonstrate coherent control of spontaneous emission from an indirectly coupled transition in a microwave driven four-level atomic system. The transition of concern is not directly coupled by any laser fields, while the ground state is coupled to another ground state by a microwave field. We show that the coupling of the microwave field produces interesting features such as double narrow lines in the emission spectrum. The heights, widths and positions of the emission peaks can be controlled by modifying the Rabi frequency and detuning of the microwave field. We discuss the spectra in the dressed states basis.
We investigate theoretically the features of the spontaneous emission spectrum of a four-level atomic system driven by a coherent probe field,a coupling laser field and a microwave field.The two upper levels are coupled by a microwave field with lower frequency.The time evolution of the populations is calculated.It is shown that the spectra behavior,such as spectral-line narrowing,spectral-line enhancement,spectral-line suppression,and total cancellation of fluorescence quenching,can be easily controlled by changing the phase and the amplitude of the microwave field.