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Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)

Resonance of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in the Selective Reflection Signal of Atomic Cs Vapor

Armen D. Sargsyan, D. E. Bostanjyan, David G. Sarkisyan

Published Mar 1, 2025• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The process of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) was investigated using two different probe radiations in Cs atomic vapor: in the first case probe radiation– transmission through a nanocell (NC) with the formation of EITT; in the second–selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of the atom-dielectric vapor (dielectric is nanocell window) with the formation of EITSR. To form EIT resonances, we used two continuous narrow-band lasers with λ = 852 nm and a nanocell with an atomic vapor column thickness in the range of 150–1500 nm. A comparison of the formation of EIT resonance in the first and second cases was carried out. Probe radiation containing EITT and EITSR-resonances propagates in opposite directions. It is noted that in a few cases, the formation of EIT resonance is more effective using SR radiation. The splitting of the EITSR-resonance in the longitudinal magnetic field into seven equidistant components was recorded, which allows remote monitoring of the magnetic field.

DOI
10.1134/s1068337225700380

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Optics and Spectroscopy•Mar 1, 2016•10 citations
Abstract The process of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) was investigated using two different probe radiations in Cs atomic vapor: in the first case probe radiation– transmission through a nanocell (NC) with the formation of EITT; in the second–selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of the atom-dielectric vapor (dielectric is nanocell window) with the formation of EITSR. To form EIT resonances, we used two continuous narrow-band lasers with λ = 852 nm and a nanocell with an atomic vapor column thickness in the range of 150–1500 nm. A comparison of the formation of EIT resonance in the first and second cases was carried out. Probe radiation containing EITT and EITSR-resonances propagates in opposite directions. It is noted that in a few cases, the formation of EIT resonance is more effective using SR radiation. The splitting of the EITSR-resonance in the longitudinal magnetic field into seven equidistant components was recorded, which allows remote monitoring of the magnetic field.
Abstract Interest in magnetically induced (MI) transitions of alkali metal atoms is caused by the fact that their intensities can exceed the intensities of ‘regular’ atomic transitions in a wide magnetic field range (200–4000 G). The goal of this work was to form and study, for the first time, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a strong magnetic field using probe radiation tuned to | F g = F , m F = 0 ⟩ → | F e = F , m F = 0 ⟩ MI transition, which is forbidden in zero magnetic fields. Two narrow-band linearly polarized cw diode lasers were used to form EIT resonance on a Λ-type system of a Cs atomic D 2 line in a strong transverse magnetic field (up to 1000 G). The resonance was formed in a Cs atomic vapor nanocell with an atomic vapor column thickness of 850 nm.
The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been experimentally implemented for the first time for the (4S 1/2–4P 1/2–4S 1/2) Λ-system of potassium atom levels in a nanocell with a 770-nm-thick column of atomic vapor. It is shown that, at such a small thickness of the vapor column, the EIT resonance can be observed only when the coupling-laser frequency is in exact resonance with the frequency of the corresponding atomic transition. The EIT resonance disappears even if the coupling-laser frequency differs slightly (by ~50 MHz) from that of the corresponding atomic transition, which is due to the high thermal velocity of K atoms. The EIT resonance and related velocity selective optical pumping resonances caused by optical pumping (formed by the coupling) can be simultaneously recorded because of the small (~462 MHz) hyperfine splitting of the lower 4S 1/2 level.
We have investigated electromagnetically induced transparency in the spectrum of selective reflection at the interface of Rb atom vapors and a dielectric nanocell window. A nanocell with atomic vapor column thicknesses ranging from 150 to 1200 nm, as well as a 50~μμμm thickness microcell were used. We have compared electromagnetically induced transparency observed for the cases of the selective reflection and transmission. It was demonstrated that for the thicknesses of below ≤1000\leq 1000≤1000 nm selective reflection technique is more favorable. In contrast, for wider cells and microcells, using transmitted radiation as probe field is more effective.
The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is investigated in a Λ-system of the 87Rb D 1 line in an external transverse magnetic field. Two spectroscopic cells having strongly different values of the relaxation rates γrel are used: an Rb cell with antirelaxation coating (L ~ 1 cm) and an Rb nanometric- thin cell (nanocell) with a thickness of the atomic vapor column L = 795 nm. For the EIT in the nanocell, we have the usual EIT resonances characterized by a reduction in the absorption (dark resonance (DR)), whereas for the EIT in the Rb cell with an antirelaxation coating, the resonances demonstrate an increase in the absorption (bright resonances (BR)). We suppose that such an unusual behavior of the EIT resonances (i.e., the reversal of the sign from DR to BR) is caused by the influence of an alignment process. The influence of alignment strongly depends on the configuration of the coupling and probe frequencies as well as on the configuration of the magnetic field.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect in a -system formed by Cs atoms line, enclosed in nanometric-thin cells, is studied both experimentally and theoretically for the first time. The atomic column thickness varies in the range of 50–1500 nm. It is demonstrated that when the coupling laser frequency is in exact resonance with the corresponding atomic transition, the parameters of the EIT resonance (also called dark resonance (DR)) depend weakly on , which allows us to detect DR at nm with the contrast of . The obtained DR parameters are the best as compared with those for Rb and lines and Cs line. The DR contrast and width are studied versus laser frequency detunings, coupling laser power, cell thickness, temperature, and applied external magnetic field. The well-resolved splitting of the DR resonance in a magnetic field for nm can be used for magnetometry with high spatial resolution. The theoretical model describes well the observed results.
Features of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in potassium vapors at the D 1 line of the 39 K isotope are studied. EIT resonances with a subnatural width of 3.5 MHz have been recorded upon excitation by two independent narrow-band diode lasers in a 1-cm-long cell filled with a natural mixture of potassium isotopes and buffer gas. The splitting of EIT resonances in potassium vapors in longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields has been studied for the first time. The splitted components also have a subnatural width. The smallness of the coupling factor of the hyperfine structure in 39 K atoms leads to a transition to the Paschen—Back regime at relatively weaker magnetic fields than in the case of Cs, Rb, and Na atoms. Practical applications of the phenomena under study are noted. The theoretical model well explains the experiment.