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arXiv:1505.03856 · Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Electromagnetically induced transparency resonances inverted in magnetic field

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, Y. Pashayan-Leroy, Claude Leroy, S. Cartaleva, A. D. Wilson‐Gordon, Marcis P. Auzinsh

Published Dec 1, 2015• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is investigated in a Λ-system of the 87Rb D 1 line in an external transverse magnetic field. Two spectroscopic cells having strongly different values of the relaxation rates γrel are used: an Rb cell with antirelaxation coating (L ~ 1 cm) and an Rb nanometric- thin cell (nanocell) with a thickness of the atomic vapor column L = 795 nm. For the EIT in the nanocell, we have the usual EIT resonances characterized by a reduction in the absorption (dark resonance (DR)), whereas for the EIT in the Rb cell with an antirelaxation coating, the resonances demonstrate an increase in the absorption (bright resonances (BR)). We suppose that such an unusual behavior of the EIT resonances (i.e., the reversal of the sign from DR to BR) is caused by the influence of an alignment process. The influence of alignment strongly depends on the configuration of the coupling and probe frequencies as well as on the configuration of the magnetic field.

DOI
10.1134/s1063776115130142

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The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is investigated in a Λ-system of the 87Rb D 1 line in an external transverse magnetic field. Two spectroscopic cells having strongly different values of the relaxation rates γrel are used: an Rb cell with antirelaxation coating (L ~ 1 cm) and an Rb nanometric- thin cell (nanocell) with a thickness of the atomic vapor column L = 795 nm. For the EIT in the nanocell, we have the usual EIT resonances characterized by a reduction in the absorption (dark resonance (DR)), whereas for the EIT in the Rb cell with an antirelaxation coating, the resonances demonstrate an increase in the absorption (bright resonances (BR)). We suppose that such an unusual behavior of the EIT resonances (i.e., the reversal of the sign from DR to BR) is caused by the influence of an alignment process. The influence of alignment strongly depends on the configuration of the coupling and probe frequencies as well as on the configuration of the magnetic field.
Four different types of spectroscopic cells that cover all possible existing versions of sealed-off cells (containing alkali atomic vapor) characterized by drastically different relaxation rates γrel are used to study the electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of two Λ-systems in the D 1 line of 87Rb in the presence of transverse magnetic field. Two cw narrowband diode-lasers are used to form the coupling laser radiation (with a fixed frequency) and the probe radiation with a tunable frequency. Two strongly contrasting Λ-systems are found: the first shows resonances that are transformed from dark resonances to bright resonances in all cases apart from nanocells, whereas the second shows four dark resonances in all four different types of cell. The theoretical simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect in a -system formed by Cs atoms line, enclosed in nanometric-thin cells, is studied both experimentally and theoretically for the first time. The atomic column thickness varies in the range of 50–1500 nm. It is demonstrated that when the coupling laser frequency is in exact resonance with the corresponding atomic transition, the parameters of the EIT resonance (also called dark resonance (DR)) depend weakly on , which allows us to detect DR at nm with the contrast of . The obtained DR parameters are the best as compared with those for Rb and lines and Cs line. The DR contrast and width are studied versus laser frequency detunings, coupling laser power, cell thickness, temperature, and applied external magnetic field. The well-resolved splitting of the DR resonance in a magnetic field for nm can be used for magnetometry with high spatial resolution. The theoretical model describes well the observed results.
The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a Λ-system formed by rubidium atoms contained in thin (10–60 μm) and extremely thin (0.3–5 μm) cells was studied experimentally. It was found that parameters of the EIT resonance degrade slowly in the case where the frequency of the coupling laser is in resonance with the D 2 transition of rubidium, which enabled the registration of the EIT resonance in a record thin cell with a thickness of L = 390 nm. The specific features of EIT in extremely thin cells reveal themselves when the coupling laser has a frequency detuning Δ from the atomic transition. In this case, the width of the EIT resonance rapidly increases upon an increase in Δ at fixed L (an opposite effect takes place in centimeter-scale cells). It is shown that the width of the EIT resonance is inversely proportional to L in the case of fixed large detuning Δ. The nearly tenfold broadening of the EIT resonance for large values of detuning Δ is caused by the influence of atomic collisions with cell windows on dephasing rate of coherence. The expressions that allow the estimation of the EIT-resonance width for various values of detuning Δ and small values of thickness L are found.
The process of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is studied using an extremely thin cell with thickness of a vapor column of rubidium atoms L = 794 nm. Wavelengths of resonant laser beams λ ≈ 794 nm. Results of the study of behavior of the EIT resonance (which is also called the “dark” resonance) formed in the Л system of the D 1 line of 87Rb atoms in strong magnetic fields up to 1700 G (0.17 T) are reported for the first time. Three dark resonances are recorded in magnetic fields with induction B < 300 G, two resonances are recorded at B > 650 G, and only one dark resonance is retained at B > 1200 G. A method of the formation of a dark resonance at a given frequency is demonstrated that will allow, under the corresponding conditions, the formation of a dark resonance also at B > 0.2 T. The experimental results are well described by the known theoretical models. Practical applications of these results are indicated.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect has been studied using an extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness of an Rb vapor column of the order of light wavelength λ(780 nm) and varying in the range of 0.5λ-2.5λ. Λ-systems on the D2 line of 85Rb and 87Rb have been studied experimentally. Along with EIT resonance, we study the peculiarities of velocity-selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances, which accompany the EIT resonance and, as a rule, are spectrally broader. It is demonstrated that size-conditioned strongly anisotropic contribution of atoms with different velocities in an ETC causes several dramatic differences of the EIT and VSOP resonances formation in the ETC as compared with an ordinary 1-10 cm long cell. Particularly, in the case of the ETC, the EIT linewidth and contrast dramatically depend on the coupling laser detuning from the exact atomic transition. A theoretical model taking into account the peculiarities of transmission spectra when L=nλ and L=(2n+1)λ/2 (n is an integer) has been developed. The experimental transmission spectra are well described by the theoretical model developed. The possibility of EIT resonance formation when atomic column thickness is of the order of L=0.5λ and less is theoretically predicted.
Abstract Interest in magnetically induced (MI) transitions of alkali metal atoms is caused by the fact that their intensities can exceed the intensities of ‘regular’ atomic transitions in a wide magnetic field range (200–4000 G). The goal of this work was to form and study, for the first time, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a strong magnetic field using probe radiation tuned to | F g = F , m F = 0 ⟩ → | F e = F , m F = 0 ⟩ MI transition, which is forbidden in zero magnetic fields. Two narrow-band linearly polarized cw diode lasers were used to form EIT resonance on a Λ-type system of a Cs atomic D 2 line in a strong transverse magnetic field (up to 1000 G). The resonance was formed in a Cs atomic vapor nanocell with an atomic vapor column thickness of 850 nm.