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Journal of the Korean Physical Society

Enhanced weak value amplification via photon recycling

Seung-Yeun Yoo, Dong-Gil Im, U-Shin Kim, Yosep Kim, Yoon-Ho Kim

Published Jun 10, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s40042-025-01401-x

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We consider the use of cyclic weak measurements to improve the sensitivity of weak-value amplification precision measurement schemes. Previous weak-value experiments have used only a small fraction of events, while discarding the rest through the process of ``postselection.'' We extend this idea by considering recycling of events which are typically unused in a weak measurement. Here we treat a sequence of polarized laser pulses effectively trapped inside an interferometer using a Pockels cell and polarization optics. In principle, all photons can be postselected, which will improve the measurement sensitivity. We first provide a qualitative argument for the expected improvements from recycling photons, followed by the exact result for the recycling of collimated beam pulses, and numerical calculations for diverging beams. We show that beam degradation effects can be mitigated via profile flipping or Zeno reshaping. The main advantage of such a recycling scheme is an effective power increase, while maintaining an amplified deflection.
We demonstrate the superior robustness of the transition regime in inverse weak-value amplification (IWVA) metrology against key experimental noise sources. For standard IWVA schemes, the transition regime provides enhanced resilience compared to the conventional IWVA regime when subjected to uncorrelated Gaussian technical noise and phase fluctuations. While a larger beam width σ generally suppresses technical noise, we identify that phase fluctuations impose a strict upper bound on the optimal σ . In power-recycled IWVA schemes, where cavity loss and the inherent walk-off effect typically degrade the signal, the transition regime maintains a consistent advantage. Our findings establish the transition regime as the optimal operational point for high-precision measurements, balancing significant signal amplification with robustness against practical noise in both standard and power-recycled configurations.