Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Workshop on Specialty Optical Fibers and Their Applications (WSOF)

The effect of ion pair dynamics on unsaturable absorption in holmium doped fibers

Jan Pokorný, Michal Kamrádek, Pavel Peterka

Published May 29, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We simulate the effect of pair induced quenching in a holmium doped fiber using two numerical models and compare their predictions to measured characteristics. The first model assumes instantaneous decay of doubly excited ion pairs, while the second considers an excited pair lifetime of 438 ns. We show the effect of this difference on the measurement of ion pair content.

DOI
10.1117/12.3058230

Related papers

Stimulated Absorption in Holmium Fibers in the Wavelength Range of $1.5-1.75\ \mu \mathrm{m}$

Vladimir A. Kamynin, Alexey A. Wolf, Serafima A. Filatova +5 more

We study the excited-state absorption for holmium-doped optical fibers in the spectral range of$1.5-1.75\ \mu \mathrm{m}$. The pump-induced absorption spectra and temporal transmission dynamics for fibers with different ion concentration and length are measured.

International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO)•Jun 20, 2022•1 citation

Investigation of Absorption Dynamics From the Excited State 5I7 of Holmium Ions in Optical Silica-Based Fibers

Serafima A. Filatova, Alisa E. Fale, Vladimir A. Kamynin +7 more

Absorption of continuous wave and pulsed resonance radiation at a wavelength of 1.6 µm at the upward transition from the excited state$^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}$of holmium (Ho3+) ions in silica-based fiber has been studied. Analysis of experimental and simulated data of the absorption dynamics for the case of pulsed pumping of Ho-doped fiber allowed us to determine the previously unknown value of the absorption cross-section at the transition$^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}{ \to }^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{5}$as 1.9×10–21cm2. It allowed us to correctly simulate the relaxation process of the$^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}$level population averaged over the fiber length in the presence of stationary resonance radiation. The effect of pulsed resonance radiation with different peak powers (10 and 100 W) and pulse duration of 1μs on the stationary active medium was considered. The mutual influence of the Ho-doped fiber characteristics and the resonance radiation at a wavelength of 1.6 μm was found. This allows the resonance radiation to be used as an attenuator or modulator of laser radiation at the$^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{8}{ \to }^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}$transition in Ho-doped fibers.

Journal of Lightwave Technology•May 22, 2023•6 citations

Experimental evidence of differences in the absorption spectra of clustered and isolated ions in erbium-doped fibers

B.N. Samson, Wei H. Loh, J.P. de Sandro

The absorption spectra of clustered and isolated ions in erbium-doped germanosilicate fibers have been experimentally studied. The ground-state absorption spectra broaden as the degree of erbium-ion clustering increases, indicating that the absorption spectrum of clustered ions is significantly different from that of the homogeneous ions. This fact is confirmed by comparison of the broadened absorption spectra with the fiber's unbleachable loss spectrum, a direct measurement of the clustered ions. This is the first experimental evidence to the authors' knowledge that indicates different absorption cross sections for the two species of ions in germanosilicate glass, an assumption that is used in the theoretical description of self-pulsing in erbium-doped fiber lasers but is in direct contradiction to the pair-induced quenching model widely used to characterize erbium-doped fiber amplifiers.

Optics Letters•Dec 1, 1997•16 citations

Nondestructive method for measuring the degree of cluster-induced quenching in Er^3+-doped waveguides and fibers

Chenchun Ye, B. Jaskorzyńska, Sten Helmfrid +1 more

Ion clustering is one of the major dissipative processes in the operation of Er(3+)-doped planar waveguide amplifiers and heavily doped fiber amplifiers. We propose and demonstrate a nondestructive method for measuring the fraction of erbium ions in doped planar waveguides and fibers that are quenched by ultrafast parasitic energy transfer in ion pairs or clusters. The method is based on unsaturable absorption measurements in the 980-nm absorption band. By combining transmission data at resonance with the corresponding data for radiation outside the absorption band, the influence of background and coupling losses can be eliminated.

Applied Optics•Sep 20, 1998•3 citations

Effects of concentration and clusters in EDFAs

Piotr Myslinski, Dan Trung Nguyen, Jacek Chrostowski

Strong interest in heavily doped erbium-doped waveguides1 and in the applications of heavily doped erbium-doped fibers (EDFs) in lasers has resulted in several recent studies of collective processes in erbium ions. Rapid cross relaxation within a fraction of clustered ions, called pair-induced quenching (PIQ), has been identified as the main cause of EDF performance degradation.2-4 To date, studies on the dependence of EDF performance on ion concentration have been focused on pair/cluster-induced nonsaturable absorption of EDFs,2 which leads to the reduced quantum efficiency (QE) of EDF lasers.4 Recently, detailed theoretical analysis of the effect of PIQ on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) has also been reported.4

Optical Fiber Communication Conference•Jan 1, 1995•2 citations

Clustering-induced nonsaturable absorption phenomenon in heavily erbium-doped silica fibers

Eric Maurice, Gérard Monnom, Bernard Dussardier +1 more

Nonsaturable absorption experiments in heavily erbium-doped fibers demonstrate that the behavior of the absorption with pump power cannot be interpreted with an ion-pair model but requires that the presence of larger clusters be taken into account. Numerical modeling permits the determination of the percentage of ions organized in clusters, as much as 52% of the dopants in the tested fiber, and the intracluster transfer rate, up to 2 × 106 s−1.

Optics Letters•Dec 15, 1995•46 citations
We simulate the effect of pair induced quenching in a holmium doped fiber using two numerical models and compare their predictions to measured characteristics. The first model assumes instantaneous decay of doubly excited ion pairs, while the second considers an excited pair lifetime of 438 ns. We show the effect of this difference on the measurement of ion pair content.
Stimulated Absorption in Holmium Fibers in the Wavelength Range of 1.5−1.75 μm1.5-1.75\ \mu \mathrm{m}1.5−1.75 μm
We study the excited-state absorption for holmium-doped optical fibers in the spectral range of1.5−1.75 μm1.5-1.75\ \mu \mathrm{m}1.5−1.75 μm. The pump-induced absorption spectra and temporal transmission dynamics for fibers with different ion concentration and length are measured.
Absorption of continuous wave and pulsed resonance radiation at a wavelength of 1.6 µm at the upward transition from the excited state5I7^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}5I7​of holmium (Ho3+) ions in silica-based fiber has been studied. Analysis of experimental and simulated data of the absorption dynamics for the case of pulsed pumping of Ho-doped fiber allowed us to determine the previously unknown value of the absorption cross-section at the transition5I7→5I5^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}{ \to }^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{5}5I7​→5I5​as 1.9×10–21cm2. It allowed us to correctly simulate the relaxation process of the5I7^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}5I7​level population averaged over the fiber length in the presence of stationary resonance radiation. The effect of pulsed resonance radiation with different peak powers (10 and 100 W) and pulse duration of 1μs on the stationary active medium was considered. The mutual influence of the Ho-doped fiber characteristics and the resonance radiation at a wavelength of 1.6 μm was found. This allows the resonance radiation to be used as an attenuator or modulator of laser radiation at the5I8→5I7^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{8}{ \to }^{5}{\mathrm{I}}_{7}5I8​→5I7​transition in Ho-doped fibers.
The absorption spectra of clustered and isolated ions in erbium-doped germanosilicate fibers have been experimentally studied. The ground-state absorption spectra broaden as the degree of erbium-ion clustering increases, indicating that the absorption spectrum of clustered ions is significantly different from that of the homogeneous ions. This fact is confirmed by comparison of the broadened absorption spectra with the fiber's unbleachable loss spectrum, a direct measurement of the clustered ions. This is the first experimental evidence to the authors' knowledge that indicates different absorption cross sections for the two species of ions in germanosilicate glass, an assumption that is used in the theoretical description of self-pulsing in erbium-doped fiber lasers but is in direct contradiction to the pair-induced quenching model widely used to characterize erbium-doped fiber amplifiers.
Ion clustering is one of the major dissipative processes in the operation of Er(3+)-doped planar waveguide amplifiers and heavily doped fiber amplifiers. We propose and demonstrate a nondestructive method for measuring the fraction of erbium ions in doped planar waveguides and fibers that are quenched by ultrafast parasitic energy transfer in ion pairs or clusters. The method is based on unsaturable absorption measurements in the 980-nm absorption band. By combining transmission data at resonance with the corresponding data for radiation outside the absorption band, the influence of background and coupling losses can be eliminated.
Strong interest in heavily doped erbium-doped waveguides1 and in the applications of heavily doped erbium-doped fibers (EDFs) in lasers has resulted in several recent studies of collective processes in erbium ions. Rapid cross relaxation within a fraction of clustered ions, called pair-induced quenching (PIQ), has been identified as the main cause of EDF performance degradation.2-4 To date, studies on the dependence of EDF performance on ion concentration have been focused on pair/cluster-induced nonsaturable absorption of EDFs,2 which leads to the reduced quantum efficiency (QE) of EDF lasers.4 Recently, detailed theoretical analysis of the effect of PIQ on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) has also been reported.4