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Communications in Physics

Nonlinear multi-photon Absorption of Strong electromagnetic wave with electron-acoustic phonon scattering in infinite semi-parabolic Plus semi- inverse Squared Quantum Wells

Nguyễn Thu Hương, Dung Bui Thi, Nguyen Cong Huy, Nguyen Quang Son, Nguyen Quang Bau

Published May 29, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Theoretical study on the nonlinear absorption of a strong electromagnetic waves in infinite semi-parabolic plus semi-inverse Squared Quantum Wells (ISPPSISQW) by using quantum kinetic equations for electron in the case of electron-acoustic phonon scattering. Analytical expressions for the nonlinear multi-photon absorption coefficient in the ISPPSISQW are obtained for a specific GaAs/GaAsAl in the case off the absence and the case of the presence of an external magnetic field B. A second- order multi-photon process is included in the result. The dependence of the nonlinear multi-photon absorption coefficient on the intensity $(E_0)$ and the frequency $(\Omega)$ of a strong electromagnetic wave, confinement frequency of ISPPSISQW $(\Omega)$ and the temperature investigated. The numerical computations for a specific ISPPSISQW GaAs/GaAsAl show that the nonlinear multi-photon absorption coefficient decreases rapidly with increasing $\omega_z$ or $\Omega$ and the nonlinear multi-photon absorption coefficient increases rapidly $E_0$ or T. In the case of the presence of an external magnetic field B, numerical calculations indicate the occurrence of magneto-photon-phonon resonances when the resonance conditions are met. As the photon energy changes, the resonance peaks tend to increase with the increase in photon energy.

DOI
10.15625/0868-3166/21541

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The nonlinear absorption coefficient (NAC) of a strong electromagnetic wave (EMW) by confined electrons in quantum wells under the influences of confined phonons is theoretically studied by using the quantum transport equation for electrons. In comparison with the case of unconfined phonons, the dependence of the NAC on the energy (ħΩ), the amplitude (Eo) of external strong EMW, the width of quantum wells (L) and the temperature (T) of the system in both cases of confined and unconfined phonons is obtained. Two limited cases for the absorption: close to the absorption threshold (|kħΩ – ħω0| « ε) and far away from the absorption threshold (|kħΩ – ħωo| » ε) (k = 0,±1,±2,...,ωo and ε are the frequency of optical phonon and the average energy of electron, respectively) are considered. The formula of the NAC contains the quantum number m characterizing confined phonons and is easy to come back to the case of unconfined phonons and linear absorption. The analytic expressions are numerically evaluated, plotted and discussed for a specific case of the GaAs/GaAsAl quantum well. Results show that there are more resonant peaks of the NAC which appear in the case of confined phonons when Ω > ω 0 than in that of unconfined phonons. The spectrums of the NAC are very different from the linear absorption and strongly depend on m.
In this work, the optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes for the infinite and finite semi-parabolic quantum well are calculated. Numerical calculations are performed for typical GaAs / Al x Ga 1-x As semi-parabolic quantum well. The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of these systems are calculated numerically. Optical properties are obtained using the compact density matrix approach. Results show that the energy eigenvalues and the matrix elements of the infinite and finite cases are different. The calculations reveal that the resonant peaks of the optical properties of the finite case occur at lower values of the incident photon energy with respect to the infinite case. Results indicate that the maximum value of the refractive index changes for the finite case are greater than that of the infinite case. Our calculations also show that in contrast to the infinite case, the resonant peak value of the total absorption coefficient in the case of the finite well is a non-monotonic function of the semi-parabolic confinement frequency.
By using the compact density matrix approach and iterative procedure, a detailed procedure for the calculation of the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients was given in the electric-field-biased semi parabolic quantum wells(QWs). The simple analytical formulas for the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in the systems are also deduced. Numerical result on typical GaAs materials shows that,the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients sensitively depend on the applied electric field and the confined potential frequency of the semiparabolic QWs systems as well as the incident optics beam intensity.
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Linear and nonlinear optical absorptions in one-dimensional semi-parabolic quantum dot is investigated. The analytical expression of linear and third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients are obtained by using compact density-matrix approach and iterative method. Numerical results are presented for an GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot and the dependence on the quantum confinement of the semi-parabolic quantum dot, the incident optical intensity, and on the relaxation rate are also investigated. The results indicate that the optical absorption coefficients are strongly influenced by the confining frequency, relaxation time, and the incident optical intensity, respectively. However, their influences for the linear optical absorption, third-order nonlinear optical absorption, and the total optical absorption are different. We think our theoretical study may make a great contribution to experimental studies and may open up new opportunities for practical exploitation of the quantum-size effect in optical devices.
In this paper, we explore the optical properties of AlGaAs/GaAs semi-parabolic quantum well (QW) under different temperature, hydrostatic pressure and applied magnetic field. We calculate the nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes (RICs) with the compact density-matrix approach and iterative method. Then, within the framework of the effective mass and parabolic-band approximations, the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions for semi-parabolic QW have been obtained by the finite difference method. The theoretical findings show that (1) the energy spectrum depends strongly on temperature, hydrostatic pressure and applied magnetic field; (2) the linear and third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and the RICs are quite sensitive to temperature, hydrostatic pressure and applied magnetic field. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the fabrication of QW structure.