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Results in Optics

Effects of atom and nonlinear crystal on quantum properties of cavity light

Abebe Yeshaw, Misrak Getahun

Published May 2, 2025• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We examine the cavity modes with a nonlinear crystal and a lambda-type three-level atom coupled to the squeezed vacuum reservoir. The expectation values of the cavity and atomic variables at steady state have been used to determine quadrature variances and logarithmic negativity. The cavity modes exhibit quadrature squeezing and entanglement according to the criteria. The existence of a nonlinear crystal in the cavity and squeezed vacuum reservoir coupling the cavity modes increases the degree of squeezing and entanglement. The coupling constant for atom and cavity modes reduces both the degree of squeezing and entanglement. Furthermore, Duan et al. and logarithmic negativity criteria for entanglement are directly proportional to the variance of the minus quadrature.

DOI
10.1016/j.rio.2025.100831

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The squeezing, entanglement, and statistical properties of light produced by lambda-type three-level laser coupled to squeezed vacuum reservoir have been studied. We have determined the quadrature variances mean as well as variance photon number photon for cavity modes with the aid of the solutions of c-number Langevin equations associated with the normal order. The results show that the light produced by the system under consideration in squeezed state. The squeezed vacuum reservoir enhances both the quadrature squeezing and mean photon numbers. In addition, the mean photon number of mode b is greater than that of a if more atoms injected with state |a>. We have calculated the quadrature variances of the cavity modes, the result shows that the light produced by the system under consideration is in squeezed state and the squeezing occurs in the minus quadrature. The result also shows that the effect of the squeezed vacuum reservoir is not only enhancing the degree of squeezing for the light modes but also to generate the photons for the system under consideration. The system produce entangled two mode light that increase with η and linear gain coefficient but decrease with squeezing parameters. The correlation function of the two modes decreases as η, the linear gain coefficient and increase with squeezing parameter.
The Properties of light generated by V-type three-level laser in a doubly resonant opto-mechanical cavity coupled to squeezed vacuum reservoir have been studied. The atoms injected into the laser cavity are initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the two upper levels. Employing the expectation values of the cavity mode variables at steady state , the variances of quadratures and EPR-like variables of the cavity light modes have been determined. The results show that the two-mode cavity light exhibits squeezing in the minus quadrature and entanglement for small values of linear gain coefficient of the atom. The opto-mechanical coupling strength and cavity size diminish the squeezing and entanglement properties, even though these quantities have no effect on the mean photon number of the cavity modes. Moreover, 87.8% of quadrature squeezing below the vacuum state is obtained.
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