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Acta Physica Sinica

Magneton bistability in quantum dot-double cavity optomechanical coupling system

Yanchao She, Xu Min-Qi, Wenya FENG, Jiaqi Liu, Hong Yang

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Magnons, as quasiparticles arising from spin wave excitations in magnetic materials, have demonstrated significant application potential in quantum information technology, spintronics, and microwave engineering in recent years. The cavity magnon optomechanical system, serving as a key platform for investigating magneto-optical interactions, has advanced the exploration of nonlinear dynamical behaviors and the innovative design of quantum devices through strong coupling between magnons, photons, and phonons. However, traditional single-cavity systems face limitations in terms of tunability, long-range interactions, and nonlinear enhancement, making them insufficient for complex quantum control requirements. In recent years, dual-cavity systems have become a research hotspot due to their multidimensional control capabilities achieved through inter-cavity coupling, such as photon mode splitting and enhanced nonlinear Kerr effects. Meanwhile, semiconductor quantum dots, provide a novel pathway for regulating magnon dynamics due to their tunable nonlinear response characteristics. In this work, we construct a novel coupled quantum system by integrating quantum dots and a dual-cavity architecture, and investigate the bistable phenomena under both forward and backward driving field inputs. By comparing the third-order nonlinear equations governing magnon populations in the two scenarios, we derive the impedance matching condition. When this condition is satisfied, the magnon responses induced by forward driving field and backward driving field are identical. Conversely, under impedance mismatch, the magnon responses exhibit different behaviors. Specifically, when the impedance matching condition is violated, the dual-cavity magnon optomechanical system incorporating three-level quantum dot molecules exhibits a lower bistability threshold than its counterpart without quantum dots. This allows for a transition from low steady state to high steady state while reducing the driving field strength, thereby achieving switching functionality at lower input power. Furthermore, we establish a multiparameter cooperative control model, revealing a three-dimensional parameter space formed by tunneling coupling, cavity-quantum dot coupling, and inter-cavity coupling. By adjusting these coupling strengths, the bistability threshold and hysteresis loop width can be effectively controlled, thereby modulating the driving field intensity required for bistability. This system is expected to experimentally observe the magnonic bistability through the vector network analyzer-based detection of abrupt changes in transmission or absorption windows in reflection spectra. Such capabilities can advance data signal transmission, switching devices, and memory technologies, and has the potential to serve as components of large-scale quantum information processing units. Additionally, this research may find important applications in the field of magnetic spintronics.

DOI
10.7498/aps.74.20250172

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Magnons, as quasiparticles arising from spin wave excitations in magnetic materials, have demonstrated significant application potential in quantum information technology, spintronics, and microwave engineering in recent years. The cavity magnon optomechanical system, serving as a key platform for investigating magneto-optical interactions, has advanced the exploration of nonlinear dynamical behaviors and the innovative design of quantum devices through strong coupling between magnons, photons, and phonons. However, traditional single-cavity systems face limitations in terms of tunability, long-range interactions, and nonlinear enhancement, making them insufficient for complex quantum control requirements. In recent years, dual-cavity systems have become a research hotspot due to their multidimensional control capabilities achieved through inter-cavity coupling, such as photon mode splitting and enhanced nonlinear Kerr effects. Meanwhile, semiconductor quantum dots, provide a novel pathway for regulating magnon dynamics due to their tunable nonlinear response characteristics. In this work, we construct a novel coupled quantum system by integrating quantum dots and a dual-cavity architecture, and investigate the bistable phenomena under both forward and backward driving field inputs. By comparing the third-order nonlinear equations governing magnon populations in the two scenarios, we derive the impedance matching condition. When this condition is satisfied, the magnon responses induced by forward driving field and backward driving field are identical. Conversely, under impedance mismatch, the magnon responses exhibit different behaviors. Specifically, when the impedance matching condition is violated, the dual-cavity magnon optomechanical system incorporating three-level quantum dot molecules exhibits a lower bistability threshold than its counterpart without quantum dots. This allows for a transition from low steady state to high steady state while reducing the driving field strength, thereby achieving switching functionality at lower input power. Furthermore, we establish a multiparameter cooperative control model, revealing a three-dimensional parameter space formed by tunneling coupling, cavity-quantum dot coupling, and inter-cavity coupling. By adjusting these coupling strengths, the bistability threshold and hysteresis loop width can be effectively controlled, thereby modulating the driving field intensity required for bistability. This system is expected to experimentally observe the magnonic bistability through the vector network analyzer-based detection of abrupt changes in transmission or absorption windows in reflection spectra. Such capabilities can advance data signal transmission, switching devices, and memory technologies, and has the potential to serve as components of large-scale quantum information processing units. Additionally, this research may find important applications in the field of magnetic spintronics.
In this study, we theoretically investigate the optical bistability (OB) in hybrid triple-cavity optomechanical systems (OMSs) composed of three coupled cavities (two optical cavities and one optomechanical cavity) in the presence of semiconductor quantum dot molecules and a Kerr medium with a Kerr coefficient of χ when the optomechanical cavity is driven by a pump laser with frequency ωp and the amplitude Ep, which results in optical pressure on the movable mirror of the OMS. The dynamical equations of motion for this triple-cavity hybrid system in the steady state limit are solved using the Heisenberg-Langevin equations to achieve OB. We have demonstrated that it is possible to adjust both the width of the hysteresis loop and the switching threshold by controlling the Kerr coefficient . t is found that by properly tuning the physical parameters, the bistable thresholds of the system can be switched on and switched off, which is useful for designing and optimizing sensitive all-optical switching .
The quantum blockade effect is one of the important control methods for various quantum states. Recently, magnon has gradually become the focus of quantum device research due to its excellent properties such as stability, high spin density, and tunability. This study investigates the generation of conventional and unconventional single and double magnon blockades, as well as magnon-induced tunneling effects, in strongly nonlinearly coupled cavity–magnon systems. By adjusting the coupling strength and the driving field, we achieved single and double magnon blockades, along with magnon-induced tunneling effects. Interestingly, we found that the transition from a magnon blockade to magnon-induced tunneling can be controlled by modulating the driving field. To validate the feasibility of our model, we examined the impact of thermal noise at an experimental temperature of 20 mK. Our proposed scheme may offer a method to manipulate few-magnon states and holds potential applications in quantum communication and quantum information processing.
We demonstrate how magnon Kerr nonlinearity creates bistability of quantum states when the magnon mode is strongly driven by a microwave field in a nonlinear cavity magnonic system.Numerical simulation results with experimentally feasible parameters show that the method where the system is driven far from equilibrium is a reliable way to achieve squeezed states for magnons and photons and to carry out magnon-photon entanglement, revealing mysterious phenomena of bistability.In addition, the Kittel mode can jump from one state to another one near two switching points, thus achieving the hysteresis loop phenomenon.Our results indicate that bistable quantum states could provide a way to study macroscopic quantum bistable phenomena in nonlinear systems and also can be found in broad applications in magnetic spintronics.
Nonlinear interactions between optical fields and magnetic modes in cavity magnonics constitute a rich source of various nontrivial effects in optics and quantum information processing. In cavity magnonics, biased ferromagnetic material exhibits both magnetostatic and Kittle modes due to field inhomogeneity. Here, we propose a scheme for the investigation of probe field transmission profiles in cavity magnonic systems composed of a microwave cavity and a ferromagnetic material (yttrium iron garnet sphere). We report single-to-double magnon-induced transparency (MIT) dips and a sharp magnon-induced absorption peak, and demonstrate how nonlinear cross- and self-Kerr interactions can significantly enhance or suppress these phenomena. It is observed that the splitting of the MIT window occurs when we incorporate magnon–magnon mode coupling, which helps to introduce a degree of freedom to light–matter interaction problems. Moreover, we investigate the propagation of group delay in the vicinity of transparency and demonstrate how a sharp dip allows the realization of slow light for a longer period of time. We found that both the cavity–Kittle and magnon–magnon mode coupling parameters influence the propagation of group delay, which demonstrates how subluminal-to-superluminal (and vice versa) propagation phenomena may occur and transform. These findings could pave the way for future research into nonlinear effects with novel applications in cavity magnonics devices, which might be exploited for several applications such as quantum computing devices and quantum memories.
Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum information science and a crucial resource for quantum technologies such as precision sensing, secure communication, and computation. In hybrid cavity magno-optomechanical systems, entanglement among cavity photons, magnons, and phonons enables manipulation of quantum states across different modes via radiation pressure-based light-matter interaction. We propose a hybrid optomechanical cavity-magnonic setup with Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere allowing magnons to couple with photons via magnetic-dipole interaction. The system also uses optomechanical and electrostatic interactions to entangle cavity photons and mechanical resonators. We focus on how the magnon nonlinear Kerr effect and varying coupling strengths influence entanglement dynamics. By analysing nonlinear effects alongside other coupling parameters, we identify optimal conditions for initiating and sustaining robust entanglement between the motional modes (phonons) of two Coulomb-coupled mechanical resonators. Our model predicts that adding Coulomb interaction and magnon coupling enhances the degree and tunability of entanglement, making it more resilient to thermal baths at 3 K. This study addresses how to optimize and sustain phonon-phonon entanglement in complex hybrid quantum systems. These findings offer insights relevant to developing quantum memories for continuous variable quantum information processing and other quantum technologies.
In this paper, optical bistability in hybrid optomechanical systems consisting of two cavities (optomechanical and conventional) coupled to each other, which contain quantum dot molecules (QDMs), is investigated and compared. For this purpose, two different configurations are studied: in the first configuration, the quantum dot molecules (QDMs) are inside the optomechanical cavity, and in the second configuration, the quantum dot molecules are inside the conventional cavity. To calculate the dynamics of the system operators, the Heisenberg-Langevin approach is used under the mean field approximation. To achieve the phenomenon of optical bistability, which is used in optical switches and optical memories, the dynamic equations of the system are solved in a steady state. The effect of the system's physical parameters, including the detuning, the number of quantum dot molecules, and the tunneling intensity of the external field, on the phenomenon of optical bistability is studied. In addition, the switching threshold and the width of the optical bistability region in two different configurations are compared. Considering that the phenomenon of optical bistability can have potential applications in all-optical switches, optical transistors, quantum computing, and quantum communication, the obtained results can be useful for the mentioned applications and system optimization.