EPR, Bell Inequalities, and Local Realism

Andrew P. Yake

Local realism is essentially the premise that physical reality is already physically real and that causal influence propagates through spacetime in a mechanistic way like a chain of toppling dominoes. However, local realism has been replaced by quantum theory as the scientific model of physical reality. Causal signal propagation under quantum theory is like starting with an arbitrarily long chain of dominoes, then removing all the dominoes in the middle and claiming that the first can topple the last instantly anyways -- just because we don't have any better ideas. The argument for replacing local realism with quantum theory requires that the Bell inequality is an accurate description of the predictions of local realism in an EPR experiment. However, many researchers conclude otherwise. Strangely, this substantial countersignal seems to promote fierce defensiveness rather than rational doubt among quantum believers. One begins to worry that the ongoing rejection of local realism is predicated upon motivated beliefs rather than upon motivated inquiry. Keywords: Local Realism. Local real dominoes. Quantum Dominoes. EPR. Bell inequality. Causal signal propagation. In any case, a concise paper posed as a local realistic puzzle representing an EPR experiment now claims to show that local realism explains Bell violations & thus plausibly all physical reality. The necessary logical flaw in the Bell inequality is claimed exposed in two paragraphs! See viXra:1704.0078 - Local Realism Explains Bell Violations (author Andrew P. Yake): 8 pages complete with figures, equations, a graph of testable predictions, and 32 references. Thoughtful feedback appreciated (apyake@gmail.com).

Dipankar Bhattacharyya, Jyotirmoy Guha

Philip L. Bowers

M. D. Reid, Eric G. Cavalcanti, C. J. Foster +2 more

We consider tests for macroscopic, or S-scopic, entanglement, using EPR inequalities. We then test an S-scopic local realism by deriving Bell inequalities applicable to either moments or binned correlations of multi-partite observables.

Jaykov Foukzon, E.R. Men’kova, A. A. Potapov

Karl Hess, Hans A. De Raedt, Kristel Michielsen

We present a detailed analysis of the set theoretical proof of Wigner for Bell type inequalities with the following result. Wigner introduced a crucial assumption that is not related to Einstein’s local realism, but instead, without justification, to the existence of certain joint probability measures for possible and actual measurement outcomes of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiments. His conclusions about Einstein’s local realism are, therefore, not applicable to EPR experiments and the contradiction of the experimental outcomes to Wigner’s results has no bearing on the validity of Einstein’s local realism.