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Chinese Physics B

Coherence-protected operations in hybrid superconducting circuit-magnon system

Le-Tian Zhu, Xingyu Zhu, Zhu-Cheng 祝诚 Yue 岳, Tao Tu, Chuan‐Feng Li

Published Jan 3, 2025• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Hybrid systems consisting of superconducting circuits and magnon systems are a promising platform for quantum technology. However, realizing high-fidelity magnon state preparation and manipulation remains an outstanding challenge due to the complexity of interactions and noise sources in hybrid systems. Here, we propose a coherence-preserving magnon state manipulation scheme. By engineering a superconducting-magnon coupling pulse and combining it with dynamical decoupling pulses, we design a composite pulse sequence. We demonstrate the manipulation and preparation of non-classical states of magnons with a fidelity of up to 98% under realistic conditions. These designs significantly improve the fidelity of manipulation and robustness to noise in hybrid systems compared to existing schemes. These results pave the way for practical applications of quantum magnonics platforms.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ada550

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Abstract Hybrid systems consisting of superconducting circuits and magnon systems are a promising platform for quantum technology. However, realizing high-fidelity magnon state preparation and manipulation remains an outstanding challenge due to the complexity of interactions and noise sources in hybrid systems. Here, we propose a coherence-preserving magnon state manipulation scheme. By engineering a superconducting-magnon coupling pulse and combining it with dynamical decoupling pulses, we design a composite pulse sequence. We demonstrate the manipulation and preparation of non-classical states of magnons with a fidelity of up to 98% under realistic conditions. These designs significantly improve the fidelity of manipulation and robustness to noise in hybrid systems compared to existing schemes. These results pave the way for practical applications of quantum magnonics platforms.
We propose an efficient two-stage protocol for generating distant entanglement in a magnon-mediated hybrid quantum system, where magnons serve dual roles as both interaction mediators and qubits. This integrated design reduces the physical component count while leveraging the inherent advantages of magnons, such as their strong coupling via magnetic dipole interactions, low dissipation, and high integrability. In our setup, a superconducting resonator interfaces between a local superconducting qubit (SQ) and a local magnonic system (QM1), which is waveguide-coupled to a remote magnonic system (QM2). The protocol comprises two stages: (i) deterministic Bell-state generation between the SQ and QM1 using shortcuts to adiabaticity, and (ii) coherent state transfer to QM2 via engineered Hamiltonian dynamics. This adiabatic characteristic enhances robustness against environmental dissipation. Numerical simulations under realistic noise conditions confirm strong resilience to decoherence, achieving fidelity F>0.90F > 0.90F>0.90 and negativity N2>0.40\mathcal{N}_2 > 0.40N2​>0.40. These results establish the protocol as a scalable and practical building block for distributed quantum networks.
We propose a hybrid quantum system consisting of a magnetic particle inductively coupled to two superconducting transmon qubits, where qubit-qubit interactions are mediated via magnons. We show that the system can be tuned into three different regimes of effective qubit-qubit interactions, namely, a transverse (XX+YYXX+YYXX+YY), a longitudinal (ZZZZZZ), and a nontrivial ZXZXZX interaction. In addition, we show that an enhanced coupling can be achieved by employing an ellipsoidal magnet, carrying anisotropic magnetic fluctuations. We propose a scheme for realizing two-qubit gates, and simulate their performance under realistic experimental conditions. We find that iswap and cz gates can be performed in this setup with an average fidelity $\ensuremath{\gtrsim}99%$, while an icnot gate can be applied with an average fidelity $\ensuremath{\gtrsim}88%$. Our proposed hybrid circuit architecture offers an alternative platform for realizing two-qubit gates between superconducting qubits and could be employed for constructing qubit networks using magnons as mediators.
Artificial atoms realized by superconducting circuits offer unique opportunities to store and process quantum information with high fidelity.Among them, implementations of circuits that harness intrinsic noise protection have been rapidly developed in recent years.These noise-protected devices constitute a new class of qubits in which the computational states are largely decoupled from local noise channels.The main challenges in engineering such systems are simultaneously guarding against both bit-and phase-flip errors, and also ensuring high-fidelity qubit control.Although partial noise protection is possible in superconducting circuits relying on a single quantum degree of freedom, the promise of complete protection can only be fulfilled by implementing multimode or hybrid circuits.This Perspective reviews the theoretical principles at the heart of these new qubits, describes recent experiments, and highlights the potential of robust encoding of quantum information in superconducting qubits.
The advancement of magnonics has facilitated the utilization of hybrid magnetic systems in quantum technologies. A hybrid magnetic lattice formed by an array of superconducting loops and magnetic particles has been devised as a quantum bus to disseminate quantum resources among magnetic quantum entities serving as nodes of a quantum network. However, the lattice also exerts a decoherence effect on the quantum entities, which impairs its practical performance. By studying the non-Markovian dynamics of nitrogen-vacancy centers and magnon modes coupled to two independent hybrid magnetic lattices, we propose a Floquet-engineering scheme via periodic driving on the quantum entities to suppress decoherence. We find that significant steady-state entanglement is preserved when a Floquet bound state exists in the quasienergy spectrum of the system consisting of each driven quantum entity and its lattice. This result enables a precise manipulation of hybrid magnetic systems and benefits their applications in quantum networks. The hybrid magnetic lattice has been proposed as a quantum bus for integrating the quantum network, but the decoherence depletes the quantum resources carried by it. By studying the non-Markovian dynamics of nitrogen-vacancy centers and magnon modes coupled to two independent hybrid magnetic lattices, the authors demonstrate a Floquet-engineering scheme using periodic driving to suppress decoherence.
The preparation of highly entangled states involving multiparticle systems is of crucial importance in quantum physics, playing a fundamental role in exploring the nature of quantum mechanics and offering essential quantum resources for nascent quantum technologies that surpass classical limits. Here we present how to generate and manipulate a tripartite entangled state of photons, phonons, and magnons within a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system. It is shown that simultaneously applying two coherent driving fields to this system in opposite input directions enables a coherent and effective way to regulate the magnomechanical interaction by tuning the phase difference of the driving fields. Based on this feature, it is found that the tripartite entanglement also becomes phase dependent and can be enhanced for certain phase differences. More interestingly, it is shown that the robustness of tripartite entanglement against environmental thermal noises can also be improved by choosing a proper phase difference of the driving fields. Our findings offer a promising way to manipulate and protect fragile tripartite entanglement, which is applicable to a wide range of quantum protocols that require multipartite entangled resources such as quantum communication and quantum metrology.
A hybrid system established by the direct interaction between a magnon mode and a superconducting transmon qubit is used to realize a high-degree blockade for magnon. It is a fundamental way toward quantum manipulation at the level of a single magnon and preparation of single magnon sources. Through weakly driving the magnon and probing the qubit, our magnon-blockade proposal can be optimized when the transversal coupling strength between the magnon and qubit is equivalent to the detuning of the qubit and the probing field or that of the magnon and the driving field. Under this condition, the equal-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) can be analytically minimized when the probing intensity is about three times the driving intensity. Moreover, the magnon blockade could be further enhanced by proper driving intensity and system decay rate, whose magnitudes outrange the current systems of cavity QED and cavity optomechanics. In particular, the correlation function achieves ${g}^{(2)}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, about two orders lower than that for the photon blockade in cavity optomechanics. Also, we discuss the effects on g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) from thermal noise and the extra longitudinal interaction between the magnon and qubit. Our optimized conditions for blockade are found to persist in these nonideal situations.