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URSI Regional Conference on Radio Science (URSI-RCRS)

Evaluation of Magnetic Field Homogeneity using Cold Atoms as Sensors in Cesium Fountain Atomic Clock

Anjali Bisht, Manoj Das, Suchi Yadav, Poonam Arora

Published Jan 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.46620/ursi_rsrc24/1068ebg7443

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The quality of the cold atoms sample plays an important role to improve the performance of cesium atomic fountain clocks. The preparation of cold atoms sample has a strict requirement for cooling lasers characteristics such as power stability, polarization, collimation, uniformity and verticality. This work implements a design of an expander system of high stable laser beam for the cold atom preparation. The cooling laser characteristics can be adjusted by the design, and the use of non-magnetic materials to avoid the magnetic field on the impact of cold atom. The cold atom sample with the number of 2×108 and temperature of 5μk was obtained by expander system. The result meets the requirements of the preparation of cold atoms for cesium atomic fountain clocks.
Sub-Doppler laser-cooled cesium-133 atoms are utilized as quantum sensors to achieve precise mapping of magnetic fields across a region in ultra-high vacuum (UHV), with a spatial resolution of 1 cm and a sensitivity of approximately 550 pT/√Hz, enabling accurate measurements within the nanotesla [nT] range. The cold cesium-133 atoms used for magnetic field measurements in this paper are a key component of the cesium fountain frequency standard at CSIR-NPL, which contributes to both timekeeping and magnetic sensing. The results show magnetic field fluctuations within 1 nT with a spatial resolution of 1 cm. The uncertainty in these measurements is of the order of 1.24 × 10−16, ensuring reliable and precise spatially resolved magnetic field mapping.
Cesium atomic fountain clock is the quantum frequency standard with very high accuracy. Research on laser cooling and trapping of cesium atom at Peking University began in 1993. A cesium atomic fountain frequency standard is being developed. A magneto-optical trap with some 108 trapped atoms and an optical molasses with the cold atoms of the temperature of 10/spl mu/K have been achieved previously. The device has been carefully designed and is under construction. It is composed of two main parts: vacuum system and laser system. The article describes the apparatus and presents a brief introduction to some considerations on the atomic clock.