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Physical Review Applied

Directional quantum-squeezing-enabled nonreciprocal enhancement of entanglement

Tian-Xiang Lu, Baijun Li, Yan Wang, Dongyang Wang, Xing Mao Xiao, Hui Jing

Published Dec 2, 2024• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically propose how to achieve nonreciprocal enhancement of bipartite and tripartite entanglement using an optomechanical resonator coupled to a nonlinear optical resonator. We find that by our pumping the nonlinear resonator, directional optical squeezing can occur along the pump direction, resulting in an asymmetric detuning and chiral photon interaction between the two resonators. As a result, nonreciprocal enhancement of bipartite and tripartite entanglement can be achieved, exhibiting robustness regarding bath temperature. Specifically, in one direction, bipartite entanglement can be enhanced by about 2 times and tripartite entanglement can be enhanced by about 3.5 times compared with the opposite direction. Our work provides a route to manipulate and enhance nonreciprocal bipartite and tripartite entanglement using directional quantum squeezing, which may find potential applications in constructing chiral quantum networks.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.22.064001

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We theoretically propose how to achieve nonreciprocal enhancement of bipartite and tripartite entanglement using an optomechanical resonator coupled to a nonlinear optical resonator. We find that by our pumping the nonlinear resonator, directional optical squeezing can occur along the pump direction, resulting in an asymmetric detuning and chiral photon interaction between the two resonators. As a result, nonreciprocal enhancement of bipartite and tripartite entanglement can be achieved, exhibiting robustness regarding bath temperature. Specifically, in one direction, bipartite entanglement can be enhanced by about 2 times and tripartite entanglement can be enhanced by about 3.5 times compared with the opposite direction. Our work provides a route to manipulate and enhance nonreciprocal bipartite and tripartite entanglement using directional quantum squeezing, which may find potential applications in constructing chiral quantum networks.
We propose a theoretical method to realize nonreciprocal light transmission in an optomechanical device assisted by directional quantum squeezing. Specifically, we consider the device consisting of an optomechanical resonator and a nonlinear optical resonator with directional pumping. We find that optical squeezing occurs along the pump direction when the nonlinear resonator is directionally pumped, enabling nonreciprocal light transmission as well as nonreciprocal group delay (slow light) or advancement (fast light). Furthermore, we find that the efficiency of the second-order sidebands can be enhanced in one direction compared with the opposite direction. Our work provides a promising design for the application of directionally squeezed optomechanical devices in nonreciprocal optical communication and signal processing.
We propose a scheme for nonreciprocal quantum rotation sensing in two coupled microring resonators, one of which rotates in a clockwise direction. Driving the rotating resonator in two directions induces the opposite Sagnac-Fizeau shifts. By pumping the other nonlinear resonator via classical field, directional squeezing is generated along the pump direction due to the phase-matching condition, which leads to an asymmetric detuning and chiral photon interaction between the two resonators. As a result, the estimation of the Sagnac-Fizeau shift is shown to be nonreciprocal, i.e., the estimation precision is dramatically enhanced for the forward-input case, where most of the accessible information is predominantly stored in the primary resonator, but not for the backward-input one. Further, we evaluate the performance of several Gaussian measurements and analyze how measurements of the second-order coherence g (2) (0) can extract quantum-enhanced information and improve measurement precision. The proposed scheme offers what we believe to be a new perspective for the design of a nonreciprocal quantum gyroscope.
The generation and manipulation of multipartite entanglement and EPR steering in macroscopic systems not only play a fundamental role in exploring the nature of quantum mechanics, but are also at the core of current developments of various nascent quantum technologies. Here we report a theoretical method using squeezing-phase-controlled quantum noise flows to selectively generate and manipulate quantum entanglement and asymmetric EPR steering in a nonlinear χ(2)χ^{(2)}χ(2) whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optomechanical resonator. We show that by pumping the χ(2)χ^{(2)}χ(2) nonlinear medium with two-photon optical fields and broadband squeezed lights, a pair of counterpropagating squeezed optical modes could be introduced to the WGM resonator, each coupled with an independent squeezed vacuum reservoir. This configuration could enable squeezing-phase-controlled light-reservoir interaction for each squeezed optical mode, providing a flexible tool for tailoring asymmetric optical noise flows in the counterpropagating modes. Based on this unique feature, it is found that with the injection of asymmetric noise flows, the generation of various types of bipartite and tripartite entanglement become phase-dependent and thus they can be produced in an asymmetric way. More excitingly, it is also found that by further properly adjusting the squeezing parameters, the overall asymmetry of EPR steering can also be stepwise driven from no-way regime, one-way regime to two-way regime. These findings, holding promise for preparing rich types of entangled quantum resources with asymmetric features, may have potential applications in the area of secure quantum information processing such as quantum secure direct communication and one-way quantum computing.
We propose an all-optical approach to achieve optical nonreciprocity on a chip by quantum squeezing one of two coupled resonator modes. By parametric pumping a χ^{(2)}-nonlinear resonator unidirectionally with a classical coherent field, we squeeze the resonator mode in a selective direction due to the phase-matching condition, and induce a chiral photon interaction between two resonators. Based on this chiral interresonator coupling, we achieve an all-optical diode and a three-port quasicirculator. By applying a second squeezed-vacuum field to the squeezed resonator mode, our nonreciprocal device also works for single-photon pulses. We obtain an isolation ratio of >40 dB for the diode and fidelity of >98% for the quasicirculator, and insertion loss of <1 dB for both. We also show that nonreciprocal transmission of strong light can be switched on and off by a relative weak pump light. This achievement implies a nonreciprocal optical transistor. Our protocol opens up a new route to achieve integrable all-optical nonreciprocal devices permitting chip-compatible optical isolation and nonreciporcal quantum information processing.
Quantum squeezing, a cornerstone of quantum optics and photonics, has played a key role in achieving ultra-precision sensing and realizing nonreciprocal engineering. However, the nonreciprocal multiquanta emission has remained largely unexplored by using directional quantum squeezing. Here, the one-way photon-photon bundle emission in a compound system consisted of two coupled optical resonators and a two-level atom is investigated. It is found that the directional quantum squeezing induces the asymmetric frequency detuning and photon hopping interaction between the two resonators, leading to the directional excitation of the two-photon super-Rabi oscillation. In particular, by harnessing intrinsic dissipation of the system, two types of two-photon bundle emission can be selectively induced for the probe field input from one direction while it is prohibited with the probe from the other direction. This finding bridges the broad fields ranging from nonreciprocal physics to quantum squeezing optics and multiquanta emission control through an all-optical approach, which can enable potential applications in chiral quantum emitters and backscattering-immune photonic communications.
The entanglement of different macroscopic objects can provide crucial resources for various quantum applications and quantum-enabled devices. The generation, manipulation, and enhancement of entanglement are pivotal areas of research. In this study, we introduce an approach for producing enhanced nonreciprocal entanglement in a hybrid spinning optomechanical system. By exploiting the Sagnac effect to break the time-reversal symmetry of the system, we successfully generate and amplify the nonreciprocal bipartite entanglement between the atomic ensemble and mechanical oscillator, exhibiting an approximately twofold enhancement under competitive equilibrium conditions. Furthermore, we investigate and quantify the nonreciprocal tripartite entanglement encompassing the atomic ensemble, optical cavity, and mechanical oscillator by employing the residual contangle measurement. We find that the nonreciprocal bipartite (tripartite) entanglement is not only enlarged almost two (five) times, but also noise resistant. The proposed scheme of enhanced bipartite and tripartite entanglement has the potential to advance a wide range of quantum technologies, spanning from quantum information processing to quantum sensing applications.