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Laser Physics Letters

Multiparty semi-quantum key agreement protocol based on multiparticle entangled states

Wan‐Li Hong, Chen‐Ming Bai, Sujuan Zhang, Lu Liu

Published Nov 19, 2024• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, we study the properties of a set of quantum states. Based on these properties, we propose a multiparty semi-quantum key agreement (MSQKA) protocol. For the sake of clarity, we provide a three-party example to illustrate the protocol. Through rigorous security analysis, it is demonstrated that the proposed protocol can resist both inside attacks and outside attacks, which include Trojan horse attacks, measure-resend attacks, entangle-measure attacks and collective attacks. Besides, the proposed protocol achieves fairness among participants. Finally, we compare our protocol with other SQKA protocols. Compared to previous three-party and MSQKA protocols, our proposed protocol involves more classical parties, needs no external assistance and achieves relatively high key generation efficiency.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ad8cc5

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In this paper, a semi-quantum key agreement (SQKA) protocol based on the three-particle maximally entangled GHZ state is proposed. In this SQKA protocol, the classical parties Alice and Bob can only operate the qubits with classical basis, while the quantum party Charlie has full manipulation on qubits. By introducing semi-quantum approach, the requirement for device is reduced. Moreover, each of parties has equal contribution to key formation. The protocol can effectively resist outsider attacks even participant attacks. Through the efficiency analysis, our protocol has a higher qubit efficiency than the previous semi-quantum key agreement.
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