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Chinese Physics B

Zeeman decoherence effect of trapped 199Hg+ ion Ramsey spectra

Ge 格 Liu 刘, Hao Liu, Yi-He Chen, Jian Wang, Shuhong Huang, Chengbin Li, Lei She

Published Sep 14, 2024• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In the 199Hg+ ion microwave clock, the Zeeman decoherence effect caused by the overlapping of Zeeman sidebands and the radial secular motion sidebands will decrease the contrast of the Ramsey fringe, thus reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra. In this paper, the Zeeman decoherence effect is analyzed theoretically and investigated experimentally. A simplified model is built to describe the Ramsey spectral probability, in which the transverse relaxation time T 2 is introduced to characterize the influence of the Zeeman decoherence effect phenomenologically. The experiments were carried out on a linear quadrupole trap 199Hg+ ion clock. The results show that the probability model matches well with the experimental data, and the magnetic field value should be more than 150 mGs (1 Gs = 10−4 T) to avoid the Zeeman decoherence effect.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ad7af6

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Abstract In the 199Hg+ ion microwave clock, the Zeeman decoherence effect caused by the overlapping of Zeeman sidebands and the radial secular motion sidebands will decrease the contrast of the Ramsey fringe, thus reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra. In this paper, the Zeeman decoherence effect is analyzed theoretically and investigated experimentally. A simplified model is built to describe the Ramsey spectral probability, in which the transverse relaxation time T 2 is introduced to characterize the influence of the Zeeman decoherence effect phenomenologically. The experiments were carried out on a linear quadrupole trap 199Hg+ ion clock. The results show that the probability model matches well with the experimental data, and the magnetic field value should be more than 150 mGs (1 Gs = 10−4 T) to avoid the Zeeman decoherence effect.
We present the experimental realization of a continuous dynamical decoupling scheme which suppresses leading frequency shifts in a multi-ion frequency reference based on 40Caþ. By near-resonant magnetic coupling of the 2S1=2 and 2D5=2 Zeeman sublevels using radio-frequency dressing fields, engineered transitions with reduced sensitivity to magnetic-field fluctuations are obtained. A second stage detuned dressing field reduces the influence of amplitude noise in the first stage driving fields and decreases 2nd-rank tensor shifts, such as the electric quadrupole shift. Suppression of the quadratic dependence of the quadrupole shift to 3ð2Þ mHz=μm2 and coherence times of 290(20) ms on the optical transition are demonstrated even within a laboratory environment with significant magnetic field noise. Besides removing inhomogeneous line shifts in multi-ion clocks, the demonstrated dynamical decoupling technique may find applications in quantum computing and simulation with trapped ions by a tailored design of decoherence-free subspaces.
We present the experimental realization of a continuous dynamical decoupling scheme which suppresses leading frequency shifts in a multi-ion frequency reference based on 40Ca+^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^+40Ca+. By near-resonant magnetic coupling of the 2S1/2^2\mathrm{S}_{1/2}2S1/2​ and 2D5/2^2\mathrm{D}_{5/2}2D5/2​ Zeeman sub-levels using radio-frequency dressing fields, engineered transitions with reduced sensitivity to magnetic-field fluctuations are obtained. A second stage detuned dressing field reduces the influence of amplitude noise in the first stage driving fields and decreases 2\textsuperscript{nd}-rank tensor shifts, such as the electric quadrupole shift. Suppression of the quadratic dependence of the quadrupole shift to 3(2) mHz/μm23(2)\,\text{mHz}/μm^23(2)mHz/μm2 and coherence times of 290(20) ms290(20)\,\text{ms}290(20)ms on the optical transition are demonstrated even within a laboratory environment with significant magnetic field noise. Besides removing inhomogeneous line shifts in multi-ion clocks, the demonstrated dynamical decoupling technique may find applications in quantum computing and simulation with trapped ions by a tailored design of decoherence-free subspaces.
We present the experimental realization of a continuous dynamical decoupling scheme which suppresses leading frequency shifts in a multi-ion frequency reference based on ^{40}Ca^{+}. By near-resonant magnetic coupling of the ^{2}S_{1/2} and ^{2}D_{5/2} Zeeman sublevels using radio-frequency dressing fields, engineered transitions with reduced sensitivity to magnetic-field fluctuations are obtained. A second stage detuned dressing field reduces the influence of amplitude noise in the first stage driving fields and decreases 2nd-rank tensor shifts, such as the electric quadrupole shift. Suppression of the quadratic dependence of the quadrupole shift to 3(2) mHz/μm^{2} and coherence times of 290(20) ms on the optical transition are demonstrated even within a laboratory environment with significant magnetic field noise. Besides removing inhomogeneous line shifts in multi-ion clocks, the demonstrated dynamical decoupling technique may find applications in quantum computing and simulation with trapped ions by a tailored design of decoherence-free subspaces.
The effect of random fields on the internal dynamics of trapped ions is studied analytically. General characteristics of the dependence of the dephasing on the noise statistics are identified: the form of the initial decay of the coherences is determined by the probability distribution; effects of noise color, in particular, collapses and revivals rooted in spectral concentration of the fluctuations, are apparent in a transient regime; at large times, exponential decay sets in for widely different noise properties. The study is particularized to magnetic-field fluctuations: features distinctive of the linear and quadratic Zeeman shifts are traced. The scaling of the dephasing with the number of ions is analyzed; the implications for the realization of decoherence-free states are discussed.
Abstract Magnetic field noise is an important factor causing quantum decoherence in quantum systems. In order to suppress the decoherence effect, magnetic field noise needs to be properly measured and controlled. Magnetic field noise power spectrum measurement using a single trapped ion based quantum spectrum analyzer is a very effective way. In this paper, the magnetic field noise measurement based on dynamic decoupling technique is analyzed theoretically. Furthermore, we use magnetically insensitive transition to measure the magnetic field noise, which has the potential to measure stronger magnetic field noise and speed up the measurement process. In our experiment, we suppress the magnetic field noise by using active feedback control and passive compensation, where the required passive compensation amplitude is obtained by measuring the magnetic field noise spectrum of a single 25Mg+ ion. With the magnetic field noise suppressed, the expected contribution of the magnetic field noise to the stability of the 25Mg+–27Al+ ion optical clock can be decreased from 2.8 × 1 0 − 15 / τ to 7.2 × 1 0 − 16 / τ .
Local magnetic field strength in a trapped ion atomic clock is measured in real time, with high accuracy and without degrading clock performance, and the measurement is used to compensate for ambient magnetic field perturbations. First and second isotopes of an element are co-located within the linear ion trap. The first isotope has a resonant microwave transition between two hyperfine energy states, and the second isotope has a resonant Zeeman transition. Optical sources emit ultraviolet light that optically pump both isotopes. A microwave radiation source simultaneously emits microwave fields resonant with the first isotope's clock transition and the second isotope's Zeeman transition, and an optical detector measures the fluorescence from optically pumping both isotopes. The second isotope's Zeeman transition provides the measure of magnetic field strength, and the measurement is used to compensate the first isotope's clock transition or to adjust the applied C-field to reduce the effects of ambient magnetic field perturbations.