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Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

Improving Rabi Attenuation: Toward a Quantum-Based Microwave Attenuation Standard with Atomic Vapor

Masahiro Yamamoto, Yuya Tojima, Moto Kinoshita

Published Jul 8, 2024• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum sensing of microwave power has attracted increasing attention due to its various potential advantages. Recently we have demonstrated a quantum-based microwave attenuation measurement based on Rabi frequency, i.e., Rabi attenuation, using a cesium atomic vapor cell inserted in a rectangular waveguide. This paper reports on the optimization of the Rabi frequency measurement to improve the accuracy and dynamic range of the Rabi attenuation. As the first step in the optimization process, we reduced microwave detuning by carefully determining the resonant frequency. We also improved the method to determine the Rabi frequency. Consequently, we found that the Rabi attenuation corresponding to the change in power of the microwave signal generator was two orders less uncertain and one order more linear than in the previous study. These results pave the way for realizing a next-generation quantum-based attenuation standard with greater accuracy and broader dynamic range by further improving the Rabi attenuation.

DOI
10.1109/cpem61406.2024.10646094

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Atomic microwave technology is a promising platform for quantum precision measurement and quantum information processing. However, experimental progress to date has been limited by microwave reflection interference in free space and the difficulty of temperature control. We report the development of high precision atomic microwave magnetic field measurement in standard microwave waveguides. Enabled by a reduction in reflected microwave interference and temperature frequency shift, our approach yields a significant improvement in microwave magnetic field measurement. We further show that the relationship between Rabi resonance profile and laser intensity, atomic vapor cell temperature and microwave intensity measured in microwave waveguide is confirmed to be accurate and reliable. These advances open up new prospects for quantum precision measurement and quantum sensing with alkali atoms.
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