Quantum computing is at the leading edge of advanced technology that uses quantum phenomena such as entanglement and super position to solve complex problems. One of the main application is to built comparator circuit to do arithmetic operations at stipulated time. Based on this our research is to propose the design and implementation of one-bit and two-bit quantum comparators using IBM Qiskit, which is formly compared with classical comparator. Also this work represents a comprehensive overview of the techniques required to optimize and design quantum comparator circuits using real quantum simulators. The results obtained from simulation promises the comparison accuracy with classical results. From the circuit designed it is inferred that the hardware complexity is very much reduced compared to classical comparator, which are tabulated in terms of number of quantum gates. The proposed method can further be extended to generate higher order comparator circuits. These results may form the basis for further research and development that will support the advancement of quantum computing and algorithms.
Quantum computing is at the leading edge of advanced technology that uses quantum phenomena such as entanglement and super position to solve complex problems. One of the main application is to built comparator circuit to do arithmetic operations at stipulated time. Based on this our research is to propose the design and implementation of one-bit and two-bit quantum comparators using IBM Qiskit, which is formly compared with classical comparator. Also this work represents a comprehensive overview of the techniques required to optimize and design quantum comparator circuits using real quantum simulators. The results obtained from simulation promises the comparison accuracy with classical results. From the circuit designed it is inferred that the hardware complexity is very much reduced compared to classical comparator, which are tabulated in terms of number of quantum gates. The proposed method can further be extended to generate higher order comparator circuits. These results may form the basis for further research and development that will support the advancement of quantum computing and algorithms.
Recent advancements in computing speed and capacity of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms have reached a saturation level in performance due to the continuous application of Moore's law which resulted in the memory wall phenomenon. Quantum computing (QC), based on the principles of quantum mechanics which include superposition and entanglement, has the potential to contribute to the advancements of AI by providing exponential speedup. Quantum computers use quantum bits, also known as qubits, as the metric to demonstrate the power of quantum technology. Qubits, the fundamental unit of quantum information can exist in two states, 0 and 1, simultaneously, leveraging the principle of superposition. Quantum gates are the building blocks of quantum circuits, operating on qubits to transform one quantum state into another, and are comparative to classical logic gates. Designing and simulating quantum circuits can be completed using the Qiskit library design by IBM. Qiskit is a cloud-based, open access platform to real quantum computers with 5 to 16 qubits. This paper offers a straightforward tutorial on implementing one, two and three-qubit quantum gates, as well as designing quantum circuits using the Qiskit library, illustrated with an example of a quantum half adder implementation.
Quantum computing is an emerging computational paradigm that represents and processes information using quantum states. This paper presents the implementation and simulation of a Quantum Half Adder using the IBM Qiskit framework. The proposed circuit performs one-bit binary addition and produces two outputs, SUM and CARRY, through reversible quantum operations. Classical input values are encoded into quantum states using Pauli-X gates. Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates are used to realize the XOR relationship required for SUM generation, while a Toffoli (CCNOT) gate realizes the AND relationship required for CARRY generation. The complete design is implemented in Python and executed using the Qiskit Aer Simulator. Four possible input combinations are evaluated and the measured outputs are compared with the expected Half Adder truth table. Circuit visualization, terminal output, and measurement histograms are used to verify the operation. The results show that the simulated circuit produces the expected SUM and CARRY values for all input combinations. The work provides a simple practical model for understanding reversible quantum computation, quantum gates, and Qiskit-based quantum circuit simulation.
Abstract Reversible logic synthesis is becoming a significant research component for post-CMOS computing devices, particularly quantum computing. In this work we connect the reversible logic synthesis problem to sorting algorithms. Reversible logic has emerged as a promising technology in recent years, with applications in low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical computing. The classical gates AND, OR, and XOR are not reversible. This paper employs the control swap gate to implement a 2x2 switch. In multiprocessor system different computing operations are performed concurrently to get higher throughput. Sorting network can be used to tie up different parts of a large complex system efficiently with least amount of hardware to perform concurrent operations. A sorting network can be built using a multiple input and multiple output switching network. Following the implementation of the 2x2 switch, a bitonic sorting circuit is designed. The goal of developing a reversible sorting circuit is to reduce power consumption while maintaining reliable communication. The bitonic sorting circuit was successfully implemented, and the output was simulated in IBM qiskit. This presents efficient sorting circuit that can sort binary numbers in ascending/descending order.
Quantum computing has been considered as an emerging approach in addressing problems which are not easily solvable using classical computers. In parallel to the physical implementation of quantum processors, quantum algorithms have been actively developed for real-life applications to show quantum advantages, many of which benefit from quantum arithmetic algorithms and their efficient implementations. As one of the most important operations, quantum addition has been adopted in Shor's algorithm and quantum linear algebra algorithms. Although various least-significant digit-first quantum adders have been introduced in previous work, interest in investigating the efficient implementation of most-significant digit-first addition is growing. In this work, we propose a novel design method for most-significant digit-first addition with several quantum circuit optimisations to reduce the number of quantum bits (i.e. qubits), quantum gates, and circuit depth. An open-source library of different arithmetic operators based on our proposed method is presented, where all circuits are implemented on IBM Qiskit SDK. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed design, together with the optimisation techniques, reduces T-depth by up-to 4.0×, T-count by 3.5×, and qubit consumption by 1.2×.
Quantum processors are a central element of a quantum computer. Processors are responsible for performing the fundamental operations like addition, subtraction, etc. of any computer. This also involves the arithmetic unit and has a different configuration for the quantum computer than for a classical computer. Multiplication is essentially repeated addition and division is repeated subtraction. But for quantum computer other methodologies have to be used for arithmetic. In this paper a Quantum Full Adder/Subtractor Circuit, using the reversible Peres Gate, R3Gate and a NOT Gate, is proposed. So, the proposed design can be used for both modes, adder and subtractor on quantum operation. The authors have also compared proposed design with other designs reported, in terms of Gate count, Garbage bits, Quantum cost and Delay. The authors have achieved a 62.5% increment in delay and a low power computing reversible logic in which the computation is faster and energy efficient. Using IBM Qiskit, the authors have created and tested the circuit.
Quantum computing has gained a lot of interest recently because of its claims of solving some problems that are almost impossible solving in classical computing.Prime factorization of big numbers using Shor's algorithm and Grover database search algorithm are two of them.Furthermore, quantum algorithms are developed to make it more realistic in real world.In classical computing the basic unit of computation is a bit which is in 0 or 1 state at a time, whereas in quantum computing it is called a qbit which can be 0 and 1 at the same time and we call it superposition.This paper proposes an implementation of quantum full adder using IBM quantum experience.Quantum circuits are drawn using Qiskit and run on Qiskit simulators, IBM quantum simulators and real IBM quantum machines.Proposed circuit will help in future for drawing more complex circuits and algorithms.