Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Karary University for Engineering and Science

Derivation of Both Klein-Gordon Equation and Time Dependent Schrdinger Equation From Classical Wave Function

Mobark Tagabo, Wail Hessen ALawad, Adil Elrayah, Imad Aldin Medani

Published Apr 25, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this study, both of Klein-Gordon equation and time dependent Schrdinger equation are directly derived from De Broglie hypothesis (? = h=p). Besides that, a new formula of Klein- ordon equation was obtained by used two equations, i.e., the classical wave function and relativistic total energy relation hw = (h2k2)=2m+V ?. Moreover, a new equation of time dependent Schrdinger (TDSE) in three-dimension 3D was derived and evidently obtained. Thus, previous result is corresponding to (TDSE) in 3D calculated by using two equations, (i.e., Einstein energy and Newton second law of mechanics).

DOI
10.54388/jkues.v2i3.194

Related papers

Derivation of both Klein-Gordon equation and Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation form classical wave function

Mobarak Tag, Wail Hessen ALawad, Adil Elrayah +1 more

In this study, both the Klein-Gordon equation and time-dependent Schrodinger equation are directly derived from De Broglie's (\lamda=h/p). Besides that, a new formula of the Klein-Gordon equation was obtained by using two equations, i.e., the classical wave function and relativistic total energy relation [[hw] = [(h^2 k^2)/2m] + V]. Moreover, a new equation of time-dependent Schrodinger (TDSE) in three-dimension 3D was derived and evidently obtained. Thus, the previous result corresponds to (TDSE) in 3D calculated using two equations, (i.e., Einstein energy and Newton's second law of mechanics).

Journal of Karary University for Engineering and Science•Oct 14, 2022•0 citations

Expression Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation from De Broglie Hypothesis and Hamiltonian function

Mobarak Tag, Adil Elrayah, Wael Hessen +1 more

The Schrödinger and de Broglie hypothesis are directly derived from classical force and blank hypothesis by the quantum of total energy relation () and de Broglie relation. New time dependent Schrödinger equation is obtained by using wave function and non – relativistic wave function beside plank hypothesis .Also obtained new equation from TDSE to on additional kinetic energy and potential energy in classical equation which the result is corresponding to TDSE in 3D by using de Broglie hypothesis.

Journal of Karary University for Engineering and Science•Dec 31, 2022•0 citations

Expression Time Dependent Schrodinger Equation from De Broglie Hypothesis and Hamiltonian Function

Mobark Tagabo, Wail Hessen ALawad, Adil Elrayah +1 more

The Schrodinger and de Broglie hypothesis are directly derived from classical force and blank hypothesis. Thus, depending on the quantum equations the quantum of total energy relation (E = T + V ) and de Broglie relation (? = h=p). Accordingly, new time dependent Schrodinger equation is obtained. As a result, by using the wave function and nonrelativistic wave function beside plank hypothesis. Moreover, TDSE was obtained, thus by used additional kinetic energy and potential energy (classical equation). Finally, a result corresponding to TDSE in 3D was confirmed by using De Broglie hypothesis.

Journal of Karary University for Engineering and Science•Apr 25, 2024•0 citations

Deriving the Schrödinger Equation

Steven M. Pascal

The Schrödinger equation was really postulated rather than derived. But we can see why it was postulated. It has been proven to be valid, in that it provides information about small, slow moving particles subject to a wide variety of potentials. The derivation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) follows rather directly from assuming a free particle wave: Ψ = e i(kx-ωt) . If this wave function is plugged into the classical wave equation, and quantum principles are used, the two sides of the equation are not equal (this means this function does not "solve" the equation). The quantum principles required are an understanding of the photoelectric effect (by which E = ħω) and the de Broglie hypothesis (λ = h/p). Using these relationships, we show that one derivative of time is equal to a double derivative with respect to position, with a few proportionality factors mixed in. Thus, the TDSE for a free particle is just a statement that kinetic energy equals total energy . For a non-free particle (subject to a potential), potential must merely be added to the left-hand side of the equation, to yield kinetic energy plus potential energy equals total energy .

CRC Press eBooks•Jul 12, 2023•0 citations

Derivation of relativistic quantum mechanics

B. Roy Frieden

Derivation of Klein–Gordon equation Goals and prior knowledge The main wave equations of relativistic quantum mechanics are the Klein–Gordon, Dirac, Weyl , and Rarita–Schwinger equations. The principal aim of this chapter is to derive these, by means of the EPI principles (3.16) and (3.18). The derivations generally follow Frieden (1995), or Frieden and Soffer (1995), with numerous additions. In addition, the Schrödinger wave equation (SWE), which is non -relativistic, is also to be derived. Since rigorous use of EPI gives only relativistic wave equations (Chapter 3), EPI can only derive the SWE in some approximate sense. This is directly carried through in Appendix D, or by taking the well-known non-relativistic limit of the Klein–Gordon equation in Appendix G. Also, in Appendix D a simple EPI derivation of classical mechanics is obtained. In particular, in the limit h → 0 the EPI extremum condition (3.16) is found to give Newton's second law , and the zero-condition (3.18) gives the virial theorem , of classical mechanics. Other derived results are Eq. (4.17) – the equivalence of mass, momentum, and energy; the constancy of the Planck constant h (Sec. 4.1.14); the Compton wavelength as an ultimate resolution length (Sec. 4.1.17); and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle (Sec. 4.3). It is important to state what is assumed a priori . The relativistic properties of space and time coordinates were derived in Sec. 3.5. Hence, these are assumed here. Also, appropriate units for the concepts of mass and energy are assumed to be known, although the basic relation Eq. (4.17) between them is not presumed.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Jun 10, 2004•0 citations

Derivation of the Schroedinger Equation and the Klein-Gordon Equation from First Principles

Gerhard Grössing

The Schroedinger- and Klein-Gordon equations are directly derived from classical Lagrangians. The only inputs are given by the discreteness of energy (E=hbar.w) and momentum (p=hbar.k), respectively, as well as the assumed existence of a space-pervading field of "zero-point energy" (E_0=hbar.w/2 per spatial dimension) associated to each particle of energy E. The latter leads to an additional kinetic energy term in the classical Lagrangian, which alone suffices to pass from classical to quantum mechanics. Moreover, Heisenberg's uncertainty relations are also derived within this framework, i.e., without referring to quantum mechanical or other complex-numbered functions.

arXiv:quant-ph/0205047•May 9, 2002•3 citations
In this study, both of Klein-Gordon equation and time dependent Schrdinger equation are directly derived from De Broglie hypothesis (? = h=p). Besides that, a new formula of Klein- ordon equation was obtained by used two equations, i.e., the classical wave function and relativistic total energy relation hw = (h2k2)=2m+V ?. Moreover, a new equation of time dependent Schrdinger (TDSE) in three-dimension 3D was derived and evidently obtained. Thus, previous result is corresponding to (TDSE) in 3D calculated by using two equations, (i.e., Einstein energy and Newton second law of mechanics).
In this study, both the Klein-Gordon equation and time-dependent Schrodinger equation are directly derived from De Broglie's (\lamda=h/p). Besides that, a new formula of the Klein-Gordon equation was obtained by using two equations, i.e., the classical wave function and relativistic total energy relation [[hw] = [(h^2 k^2)/2m] + V]. Moreover, a new equation of time-dependent Schrodinger (TDSE) in three-dimension 3D was derived and evidently obtained. Thus, the previous result corresponds to (TDSE) in 3D calculated using two equations, (i.e., Einstein energy and Newton's second law of mechanics).
The Schrödinger and de Broglie hypothesis are directly derived from classical force and blank hypothesis by the quantum of total energy relation () and de Broglie relation. New time dependent Schrödinger equation is obtained by using wave function and non – relativistic wave function beside plank hypothesis .Also obtained new equation from TDSE to on additional kinetic energy and potential energy in classical equation which the result is corresponding to TDSE in 3D by using de Broglie hypothesis.
The Schrodinger and de Broglie hypothesis are directly derived from classical force and blank hypothesis. Thus, depending on the quantum equations the quantum of total energy relation (E = T + V ) and de Broglie relation (? = h=p). Accordingly, new time dependent Schrodinger equation is obtained. As a result, by using the wave function and nonrelativistic wave function beside plank hypothesis. Moreover, TDSE was obtained, thus by used additional kinetic energy and potential energy (classical equation). Finally, a result corresponding to TDSE in 3D was confirmed by using De Broglie hypothesis.
The Schrödinger equation was really postulated rather than derived. But we can see why it was postulated. It has been proven to be valid, in that it provides information about small, slow moving particles subject to a wide variety of potentials. The derivation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) follows rather directly from assuming a free particle wave: Ψ = e i(kx-ωt) . If this wave function is plugged into the classical wave equation, and quantum principles are used, the two sides of the equation are not equal (this means this function does not "solve" the equation). The quantum principles required are an understanding of the photoelectric effect (by which E = ħω) and the de Broglie hypothesis (λ = h/p). Using these relationships, we show that one derivative of time is equal to a double derivative with respect to position, with a few proportionality factors mixed in. Thus, the TDSE for a free particle is just a statement that kinetic energy equals total energy . For a non-free particle (subject to a potential), potential must merely be added to the left-hand side of the equation, to yield kinetic energy plus potential energy equals total energy .
Derivation of Klein–Gordon equation Goals and prior knowledge The main wave equations of relativistic quantum mechanics are the Klein–Gordon, Dirac, Weyl , and Rarita–Schwinger equations. The principal aim of this chapter is to derive these, by means of the EPI principles (3.16) and (3.18). The derivations generally follow Frieden (1995), or Frieden and Soffer (1995), with numerous additions. In addition, the Schrödinger wave equation (SWE), which is non -relativistic, is also to be derived. Since rigorous use of EPI gives only relativistic wave equations (Chapter 3), EPI can only derive the SWE in some approximate sense. This is directly carried through in Appendix D, or by taking the well-known non-relativistic limit of the Klein–Gordon equation in Appendix G. Also, in Appendix D a simple EPI derivation of classical mechanics is obtained. In particular, in the limit h → 0 the EPI extremum condition (3.16) is found to give Newton's second law , and the zero-condition (3.18) gives the virial theorem , of classical mechanics. Other derived results are Eq. (4.17) – the equivalence of mass, momentum, and energy; the constancy of the Planck constant h (Sec. 4.1.14); the Compton wavelength as an ultimate resolution length (Sec. 4.1.17); and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle (Sec. 4.3). It is important to state what is assumed a priori . The relativistic properties of space and time coordinates were derived in Sec. 3.5. Hence, these are assumed here. Also, appropriate units for the concepts of mass and energy are assumed to be known, although the basic relation Eq. (4.17) between them is not presumed.
The Schroedinger- and Klein-Gordon equations are directly derived from classical Lagrangians. The only inputs are given by the discreteness of energy (E=hbar.w) and momentum (p=hbar.k), respectively, as well as the assumed existence of a space-pervading field of "zero-point energy" (E_0=hbar.w/2 per spatial dimension) associated to each particle of energy E. The latter leads to an additional kinetic energy term in the classical Lagrangian, which alone suffices to pass from classical to quantum mechanics. Moreover, Heisenberg's uncertainty relations are also derived within this framework, i.e., without referring to quantum mechanical or other complex-numbered functions.