The Quantum Communication Technology (QCT) industry is growing aggressively at the global level, but the implementation of this technology is not yet clear in Malaysia. This qualitative study reviews the awareness and readiness among regulators, industry players and an academia on development of QCT in Malaysia. This study conducted a focus group discussion involving twelve experts representing regulators, industry players and academicians who have extensive background and knowledge in cybersecurity. This study found that most of the respondents have basic understanding on the QCT and they are also aware on the and QCT development. In this study, respondents demonstrated varying levels of awareness of Quantum Communication Technology (QCT), with 8 out of 12 having prior knowledge. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced education and promotion in Malaysia to foster QCT adoption across sectors. Themes further explore the challenges of QCT implementation, particularly the high cost and evolving cybersecurity landscape. Recommendations include government involvement, cost-benefit analyses, continuous cybersecurity improvement, and top-down support to ensure successful QCT integration, especially in the telecommunications sector, where the high-cost poses challenges. The study underscores the significance of education, government collaboration, and financial support for effective QCT implementation in Malaysia
The Quantum Communication Technology (QCT) industry is growing aggressively at the global level, but the implementation of this technology is not yet clear in Malaysia. This qualitative study reviews the awareness and readiness among regulators, industry players and an academia on development of QCT in Malaysia. This study conducted a focus group discussion involving twelve experts representing regulators, industry players and academicians who have extensive background and knowledge in cybersecurity. This study found that most of the respondents have basic understanding on the QCT and they are also aware on the and QCT development. In this study, respondents demonstrated varying levels of awareness of Quantum Communication Technology (QCT), with 8 out of 12 having prior knowledge. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced education and promotion in Malaysia to foster QCT adoption across sectors. Themes further explore the challenges of QCT implementation, particularly the high cost and evolving cybersecurity landscape. Recommendations include government involvement, cost-benefit analyses, continuous cybersecurity improvement, and top-down support to ensure successful QCT integration, especially in the telecommunications sector, where the high-cost poses challenges. The study underscores the significance of education, government collaboration, and financial support for effective QCT implementation in Malaysia
The transfer of information from one single device to another has been more secure in recent years through to the development of quantum communication technology (QCT) in a variety of technological uses. Preparing for this new, emerging sector is important since information communication technology (ICT) in the future will certainly depend on QCT, which is built on quantum physics laws to secure the transfer of information. Future quantum technology will not only optimize computers and the internet but also change the way we communicate. This study discusses the importance and impact of QCT in the context of national security, framework, and policy. Furthermore, this paper also discusses the latest research trends of QCT in several countries including the United States, Canada, and China that Malaysia can learn from. In addition to that, this paper traces the development of QCT policy in other countries along with the existing development of security policy and framework in Malaysia. Finally, this paper discusses the importance of QCT with recommendations.
Quantum Communication Technology (QCT) presents a transformative approach to communication and data security by leveraging quantum mechanics. While countries such as the United States, China, and the European Union are advancing rapidly in this field, Malaysia remains in the early stages of development. However, its acceptance in Malaysia remains underexplored. This study employs the Technology Readiness and Acceptance Model (TRAM) model to examine key factors influencing QCT acceptance, including optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, insecurity, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. Understanding readiness is crucial since it determines the acceptance of QCT. This study will contribute to ongoing discussions on QCT by fostering research initiatives and promoting technological advancements in Malaysia. The proposed framework from this study could be served as guideline in implementing QCT in Malaysia. This study provides input to the government and stakeholders such as industries in formulating strategies to implement QCT. This study also contributes to the body of knowledge in QCT field.
Quantum technologies have emerged as critical enablers of next-generation communication, computation, and sensing systems. This review aims to assess the current state of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and related quantum technologies by examining recent empirical findings, methodological innovations, and systemic challenges. A structured literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar using Boolean keyword combinations targeting QKD, quantum sensing, and communication applications. The review focused on peer-reviewed articles from the last five years and included experimental studies, simulations, and applied case analyses. Findings show that QKD has demonstrated remarkable reliability in both controlled laboratory and real-world settings. Studies on multicore fiber networks highlight the potential for high-dimensional communication security, while comparative analyses reveal disparities between implementation strategies across different regions. However, systemic challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, inconsistent regulation, and insufficient public understanding hinder wide-scale adoption. The discussion identifies critical factors contributing to these challenges and proposes actionable policy recommendations, including increased investment in infrastructure, standardized regulations, and targeted education programs. This review concludes that achieving the full potential of quantum technologies will require integrative strategies addressing technical, institutional, and social dimensions. Future research should emphasize longitudinal evaluation and interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance scalability and impact. The insights offered here provide a foundational framework for policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders to advance the adoption of secure, scalable quantum systems.
In the rapidly evolving field of quantum communication, the regulatory framework plays a crucial role in ensuring security, standardization, and international cooperation. This article examines various approaches employed by countries to regulate quantum communication. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively analyze and compare different international approaches to the regulation of quantum communication to identify key features characteristic of the current stage of development and regulation of quantum communication, as well as to develop recommendations for optimizing and improving regulatory governance in this area. The methodological basis of the study consisted of general scientific and special methods. A detailed study of various legal documents, strategies, and standards related to quantum communication was conducted using the following general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, and system analysis. Among the special legal methods used was the comparative legal method, which made it possible to identify general trends, differences, and unique approaches in the regulation of quantum communication, as well as the formal-legal method for studying legal categories and legislative techniques used in various acts in the studied area. The study systematically examines legislative measures, government policies, and industry standards to determine the relationship between technological innovation and regulatory governance in the field of quantum communication. The research revealed that the regulation of quantum communication is primarily carried out at the level of strategic documents, such as national roadmaps, which contain recommendations and guidelines for regulating quantum communication. It was found that technical standards play a vital role in the development of quantum communication, with this development occurring at both national and international levels. Special groups and centers have been established for the effective implementation, development, and regulation of quantum communication, which allows for the identification of social, legal, political, and ethical issues. The main conclusions include the need to monitor administrative barriers, identify priority sectors for the implementation of quantum communication, and recognize quantum communication as a dual-use technology. It is recommended that an international certification and tracking system be created for quantum communication devices for export and import control purposes.
Quantum technologies hold immense potential to revolutionise industries, society and our way of life. However, unlocking its benefits requires a balanced approach; one that acknowledges its vast potential while proactively addressing the potential risks and unforeseen challenges. This position paper introduces the concept of quantum readiness - a proactive and multifaceted strategy that equips government, industry, academia, and civil society to responsibly navigate the quantum landscape. Quantum readiness encompasses two key aspects: general quantum readiness for leveraging the potential benefits of quantum technologies, and quantum cyber readiness to address the unique cybersecurity risks and challenges posed by these advancements. A proactive approach to quantum readiness can unlock unprecedented opportunities for businesses, government, academia, and civil society, while mitigating emerging (cyber) risks and ensuring a secure, competitive, and sustainable future. We also propose a systematic approach, guided by responsible innovation theory, for assessing the quantum readiness of industry sectors. We are currently applying it to assess the quantum readiness of Australian industry to identify critical gaps, vulnerabilities, and potential opportunities. This assessment will provide actionable insights to policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers, enabling them to enhance Australia's overall quantum readiness and position itself as a global leader in responsible quantum technology development and adoption.
This study explores the dual impact of quantum computing on cybersecurity, focusing on the challenges it poses to existing cryptographic standards and the opportunities it presents for enhancing secure communication. Through a comprehensive review of current literature and analysis of emerging quantum-resistant technologies such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), the research identifies key vulnerabilities in traditional encryption methods and outlines the potential of quantum technologies to revolutionize cybersecurity practices. The study emphasizes the urgent need for the development and standardization of quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions to safeguard digital assets against the computational capabilities of quantum technologies. Policy recommendations are psroposed to accelerate the adoption of quantum-safe standards and to foster collaboration among stakeholders in the cybersecurity ecosystem. Furthermore, the study highlights areas for future research, including the scalability of quantum-resilient solutions and the ethical implications of quantum computing on privacy and security. Conclusively, the findings suggest that a proactive and collaborative approach is essential for navigating the quantum computing era, underscoring the importance of preparing a quantum-resilient cybersecurity infrastructure to ensure the long-term security of digital communications and assets.