Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

New Journal of Physics

Spatial coherent manipulation of Bessel-like vector vortex beam in atomic vapor

Xinji Zeng, Zhuang Li, Xin Yang, Jianyi Xu, Jinwen Wang, Chengyuan Wang, Quan Quan, Haixia Chen, Dong Wei, Hong Gao, Fuli Li

Published Jun 1, 2024• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The interaction between vector beams and atoms under a weak magnetic field could induce spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on such a coherence effect, we propose a method for manipulating vector beams carrying spiral varying phases in hot rubidium atoms. When a transverse magnetic field (TMF) is applied, the transparent regions of the transmitted beam are strongly depend on the beam’s polarization distribution. In addition to the intensity modulation, the alignment of the TMF is reflected in the rotation of the central symmetric transmission patterns. In theory, we discuss the physical mechanism of the spiral EIT region generated by the phase profile, and analyze the influence of system parameters on this coherent process. Our work confirms that introducing additional radial phases can also lead to spatially dependent EIT, which extends another degree of freedom to manipulate atomic polarization. This will provide potential applications in light field manipulation and multi-dimensional quantum storage.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/ad56be

Related papers

Spatial transparency in atomic vapor: effects of transverse magnetic field on cylindrical vector beams

Yan Ma, Hong Chang, X. H. Bai +3 more

The interaction between cylindrical vector beams and atoms under a weak magnetic field induces spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this coherence effect, we investigated the relationship between the magnitude and orientation of the transverse magnetic field (TMF) and the spatial intensity distribution of cylindrical vector beams passing through a thermal atom ensemble, which is intuitively manifested in polarization selection absorption. The radially polarized beam exhibits a spatial axisymmetric polarization structure. When a TMF is applied, transparent regions in the transmitted beam strongly correlate with the beam’s polarization distribution. Variations in the TMF magnitude alter the absorption of specific polarization components by the atomic system, thereby affecting the local transmittance. This enables the TMF magnitude to be inferred from the single transmittance of the intensity pattern. The alignment of the TMF orientation is reflected in the rotation of the petal-shaped transmission patterns aligned with the mirror axis. Theoretical solutions using optical Bloch equations reveal this specific spatially dependent EIT is closely related to the transverse relaxation rate between the ground state energy levels. Experimental data align perfectly with the theoretical results, suggesting potential applications in light field manipulation and magnetic field measurement.

Tenth International Conference on Information Optics and Photonics•Dec 5, 2024•0 citations

Spatially Dependent Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Neal Radwell, Thomas W. Clark, Bruno Piccirillo +2 more

Recent years have seen vast progress in the generation and detection of structured light, with potential applications in high capacity optical data storage and continuous variable quantum technologies. Here we measure the transmission of structured light through cold rubidium atoms and observe regions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), using the phase profile as control parameter for the atomic opacity. With q plates we generate a probe beam with azimuthally varying phase and polarization structure, and its right and left circular polarization components provide the probe and control of an EIT transition. We observe an azimuthal modulation of the absorption profile that is dictated by the phase and polarization structure of the probe laser. Conventional EIT systems do not exhibit phase sensitivity. We show, however, that a weak transverse magnetic field closes the EIT transitions, thereby generating phase-dependent dark states which in turn lead to phase-dependent transparency, in agreement with our measurements.

arXiv:1412.1275•Physical Review Letters•Mar 27, 2015•173 citations

Propagation of two-dimensional Airy vortex beams in electromagnetically induced transparent rubidium atomic vapor

W. Li, Zhirong Liu

Abstract This study investigates the propagation properties of two-dimensional Airy vortex beams in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, based on a four-level rubidium atomic vapor system controlled by dual coupling Rabi frequencies. By establishing the ABCD transmission matrix of the EIT medium and employing the Collins integral formula, analytical expression for the propagation of the Airy vortex beam in the EIT medium is derived. Using the obtained analytical solution, this study further examines the beam’s intensity distribution, phase evolution characteristics, and their dependencies on several key parameters such as transverse scale, truncation factor, and vortex center position. Results demonstrate that the intensity of the Airy vortex beam can be modulated by the coupling Rabi frequency: with the change of the coupling Rabi frequency, the Airy vortex beam will be focused, and the main lobe will form a quasi-focus, accompanied by the reproduction of phase singularities. Moreover, the transverse deflection of the beam will be reduced when the coupled Rabi frequency is increased. At the same time, the vortex position, truncation factor and transverse scale also affect the field intensity distribution of the beam. These research results could have potential application value in the fields of optical bullets and optical micromanipulation.

Physica Scripta•Aug 22, 2025•0 citations

Observing quantum coherence induced transparency of hybrid vector beams in atomic vapor

Xin Yang, Yun Chen, Jinwen Wang +6 more

In recent years, vector beams (VBs) with spatially varying polarization profiles have been used in many fields. Here we study the transmission properties of a hybrid VB passing through atomic vapor. We observe a four-petal pattern which is induced by the rapid transport of atomic coherence. This intensity distribution can be modified by coherence attenuation and absorption enhancement controlled by an external magnetic field. A second experiment with orthogonal circularly polarized states shows that the quantum coherence can be induced by two spatially separated laser beams and support our interpretation of our results for the hybrid VB experiment. Our results may have applications in optical manipulation, the measurement of magnetic fields, and the study of quantum coherence in atomic ensembles.

Optics Letters•May 29, 2019•29 citations

All-optical generation of structured light beams via microwave-field-controlled electromagnetically induced transparency

Onkar N. Verma, Niti Kant

We investigate theoretically a scheme for all-optical generation of structured light beams with and without a microwave field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium composed of rubidium atoms. In a conventional EIT system, two optical fields (namely, a strong control field and a weak probe field) drive two electric-dipole-allowed transitions of an atom to form a three-level system in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. At EIT resonance, we found that a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) control beam induces a radial modulation of probe's absorption profile in such way that a Gaussian probe beam is reshaped into a hollow-Gaussian beam following the position-selective absorption. The transmitted probe beam has a doughnut-shaped intensity structure similar to that LG beam whereas the phase profile is still a spherical wave. Moreover, the presence of a microwave field between two ground states of three-level system leads to a closed-loop system, and probe response is modified with an additional term proportional to the amplitudes of Rabi frequencies of control and microwave fields, and relative phase of three fields. This term acts as driving field which is responsible for the generation of a vortex probe beam having a helical phase profile. We have further shown that the amplitude and helical phase of generated vortex beam can be manipulated by changing the relative phase of applied fields and temperature of the vapor cell. The present study may provide a useful tool for creation of structured light beams with and without orbital angular momentum.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 2024•10 citations

Observation of the Rotational Doppler Effect With Structured Beams in Atomic Vapor

Shuwei Qiu, Jinwen Wang, Xin Yang +4 more

A vector beam with the spatial variation polarization has attracted keen interest and is progressively applied in quantum information, quantum communication, precision measurement, and so on. In this letter, the spectrum observation of the rotational Doppler effect based on the coherent interaction between atoms and structured light in an atomic vapor is realized. The geometric phase and polarization of the structured beam are generated and manipulated by using a flexible and efficacious combination optical elements, converting an initial linearly polarized Gaussian beam into a phase vortex beam or an asymmetric or symmetric vector beam. These three representative types of structured beam independently interact with atoms under a longitudinal magnetic field to explore the rotational Doppler shift associated with the topological charge. We find that the rotational Doppler broadening increases obviously with the topological charge of the asymmetric and symmetric vector beam. There is no rotational Doppler broadening observed from the spectrum of the phase vortex beam, although the topological charge, and spatial profile of the beam change. This study can be applied to estimate the rotational velocity of the atom-level or molecule-level objects, measure the intensity of magnetic fields and study the quantum coherence in atomic ensembles.

Frontiers in Physics•Jan 3, 2022•2 citations
Abstract The interaction between vector beams and atoms under a weak magnetic field could induce spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on such a coherence effect, we propose a method for manipulating vector beams carrying spiral varying phases in hot rubidium atoms. When a transverse magnetic field (TMF) is applied, the transparent regions of the transmitted beam are strongly depend on the beam’s polarization distribution. In addition to the intensity modulation, the alignment of the TMF is reflected in the rotation of the central symmetric transmission patterns. In theory, we discuss the physical mechanism of the spiral EIT region generated by the phase profile, and analyze the influence of system parameters on this coherent process. Our work confirms that introducing additional radial phases can also lead to spatially dependent EIT, which extends another degree of freedom to manipulate atomic polarization. This will provide potential applications in light field manipulation and multi-dimensional quantum storage.
The interaction between cylindrical vector beams and atoms under a weak magnetic field induces spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this coherence effect, we investigated the relationship between the magnitude and orientation of the transverse magnetic field (TMF) and the spatial intensity distribution of cylindrical vector beams passing through a thermal atom ensemble, which is intuitively manifested in polarization selection absorption. The radially polarized beam exhibits a spatial axisymmetric polarization structure. When a TMF is applied, transparent regions in the transmitted beam strongly correlate with the beam’s polarization distribution. Variations in the TMF magnitude alter the absorption of specific polarization components by the atomic system, thereby affecting the local transmittance. This enables the TMF magnitude to be inferred from the single transmittance of the intensity pattern. The alignment of the TMF orientation is reflected in the rotation of the petal-shaped transmission patterns aligned with the mirror axis. Theoretical solutions using optical Bloch equations reveal this specific spatially dependent EIT is closely related to the transverse relaxation rate between the ground state energy levels. Experimental data align perfectly with the theoretical results, suggesting potential applications in light field manipulation and magnetic field measurement.
Recent years have seen vast progress in the generation and detection of structured light, with potential applications in high capacity optical data storage and continuous variable quantum technologies. Here we measure the transmission of structured light through cold rubidium atoms and observe regions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), using the phase profile as control parameter for the atomic opacity. With q plates we generate a probe beam with azimuthally varying phase and polarization structure, and its right and left circular polarization components provide the probe and control of an EIT transition. We observe an azimuthal modulation of the absorption profile that is dictated by the phase and polarization structure of the probe laser. Conventional EIT systems do not exhibit phase sensitivity. We show, however, that a weak transverse magnetic field closes the EIT transitions, thereby generating phase-dependent dark states which in turn lead to phase-dependent transparency, in agreement with our measurements.
Abstract This study investigates the propagation properties of two-dimensional Airy vortex beams in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, based on a four-level rubidium atomic vapor system controlled by dual coupling Rabi frequencies. By establishing the ABCD transmission matrix of the EIT medium and employing the Collins integral formula, analytical expression for the propagation of the Airy vortex beam in the EIT medium is derived. Using the obtained analytical solution, this study further examines the beam’s intensity distribution, phase evolution characteristics, and their dependencies on several key parameters such as transverse scale, truncation factor, and vortex center position. Results demonstrate that the intensity of the Airy vortex beam can be modulated by the coupling Rabi frequency: with the change of the coupling Rabi frequency, the Airy vortex beam will be focused, and the main lobe will form a quasi-focus, accompanied by the reproduction of phase singularities. Moreover, the transverse deflection of the beam will be reduced when the coupled Rabi frequency is increased. At the same time, the vortex position, truncation factor and transverse scale also affect the field intensity distribution of the beam. These research results could have potential application value in the fields of optical bullets and optical micromanipulation.
In recent years, vector beams (VBs) with spatially varying polarization profiles have been used in many fields. Here we study the transmission properties of a hybrid VB passing through atomic vapor. We observe a four-petal pattern which is induced by the rapid transport of atomic coherence. This intensity distribution can be modified by coherence attenuation and absorption enhancement controlled by an external magnetic field. A second experiment with orthogonal circularly polarized states shows that the quantum coherence can be induced by two spatially separated laser beams and support our interpretation of our results for the hybrid VB experiment. Our results may have applications in optical manipulation, the measurement of magnetic fields, and the study of quantum coherence in atomic ensembles.
We investigate theoretically a scheme for all-optical generation of structured light beams with and without a microwave field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium composed of rubidium atoms. In a conventional EIT system, two optical fields (namely, a strong control field and a weak probe field) drive two electric-dipole-allowed transitions of an atom to form a three-level system in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. At EIT resonance, we found that a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) control beam induces a radial modulation of probe's absorption profile in such way that a Gaussian probe beam is reshaped into a hollow-Gaussian beam following the position-selective absorption. The transmitted probe beam has a doughnut-shaped intensity structure similar to that LG beam whereas the phase profile is still a spherical wave. Moreover, the presence of a microwave field between two ground states of three-level system leads to a closed-loop system, and probe response is modified with an additional term proportional to the amplitudes of Rabi frequencies of control and microwave fields, and relative phase of three fields. This term acts as driving field which is responsible for the generation of a vortex probe beam having a helical phase profile. We have further shown that the amplitude and helical phase of generated vortex beam can be manipulated by changing the relative phase of applied fields and temperature of the vapor cell. The present study may provide a useful tool for creation of structured light beams with and without orbital angular momentum.
A vector beam with the spatial variation polarization has attracted keen interest and is progressively applied in quantum information, quantum communication, precision measurement, and so on. In this letter, the spectrum observation of the rotational Doppler effect based on the coherent interaction between atoms and structured light in an atomic vapor is realized. The geometric phase and polarization of the structured beam are generated and manipulated by using a flexible and efficacious combination optical elements, converting an initial linearly polarized Gaussian beam into a phase vortex beam or an asymmetric or symmetric vector beam. These three representative types of structured beam independently interact with atoms under a longitudinal magnetic field to explore the rotational Doppler shift associated with the topological charge. We find that the rotational Doppler broadening increases obviously with the topological charge of the asymmetric and symmetric vector beam. There is no rotational Doppler broadening observed from the spectrum of the phase vortex beam, although the topological charge, and spatial profile of the beam change. This study can be applied to estimate the rotational velocity of the atom-level or molecule-level objects, measure the intensity of magnetic fields and study the quantum coherence in atomic ensembles.