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Physical Review A

Phase-modulated nonreciprocal photon blockade and transmission via optomechanically induced Kerr nonlinearity

Ning Yuan, Shiyan Li, Nan Wang, Tingting Dong, Ai‐Dong Zhu

Published May 21, 2024• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for implementing nonreciprocal transmission and a nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB) in a whispering-gallery-mode optomechanical resonator. By decoupling the mechanical degree of freedom under the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the system is reduced to one incorporating Kerr-type nonlinearities induced by optomechanical coupling, including self-Kerr nonlinearities of the clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) modes and cross-Kerr nonlinearity between these two modes, thereby strong nonreciprocal PB and transmission can be implemented. We demonstrate that the nonreciprocal PB and transmission are sensitive to the relative phase $\ensuremath{\theta}$ between CW and CCW modes, allowing for switching between reciprocity and nonreciprocity of PB and transmission through engineering the relative phase of external driving lasers. Numerical results obtained with experimental parameters validate the feasibility of achieving perfect nonreciprocal PB and transmission. Our paper presents a viable mechanism for the implementation of perfect nonreciprocal PB and transmission, along with a versatile approach of phase modulation, which holds great promise in serving as a chiral single-photon source in unidirectional quantum communications based on quantum nonreciprocal devices.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.109.053526

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Physical Review A•Sep 10, 2021•56 citations
We propose a scheme for implementing nonreciprocal transmission and a nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB) in a whispering-gallery-mode optomechanical resonator. By decoupling the mechanical degree of freedom under the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the system is reduced to one incorporating Kerr-type nonlinearities induced by optomechanical coupling, including self-Kerr nonlinearities of the clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) modes and cross-Kerr nonlinearity between these two modes, thereby strong nonreciprocal PB and transmission can be implemented. We demonstrate that the nonreciprocal PB and transmission are sensitive to the relative phase \ensuremathθ\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremathθ between CW and CCW modes, allowing for switching between reciprocity and nonreciprocity of PB and transmission through engineering the relative phase of external driving lasers. Numerical results obtained with experimental parameters validate the feasibility of achieving perfect nonreciprocal PB and transmission. Our paper presents a viable mechanism for the implementation of perfect nonreciprocal PB and transmission, along with a versatile approach of phase modulation, which holds great promise in serving as a chiral single-photon source in unidirectional quantum communications based on quantum nonreciprocal devices.
We propose a scheme to generate nonreciprocal photon blockade in a stationary whispering gallery microresonator system based on two physical mechanisms. One of the two mechanisms is inspired by recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett.128, 083604 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.083604], where the quantum squeezing caused by parametric interaction not only shifts the optical frequency of propagating mode but also enhances its optomechanical coupling, resulting in a nonreciprocal conventional photon blockade phenomenon. On the other hand, we also give another mechanism to generate stronger nonreciprocity of photon correlation according to the destructive quantum interference. Comparing these two strategies, the required nonlinear strength of parametric interaction in the second one is smaller, and the broadband squeezed vacuum field used to eliminate thermalization noise is no longer needed. All analyses and optimal parameter relations are further verified by numerically simulating the quantum master equation. Our proposed scheme opens a new avenue for achieving the nonreciprocal single photon source without stringent requirements, which may have critical applications in quantum communication, quantum information processing, and topological photonics.
We propose how to create and manipulate one-way nonclassical light via photon blockade in rotating nonlinear devices. We refer to this effect as nonreciprocal photon blockade (PB). Specifically, we show that in a spinning Kerr resonator, PB happens when the resonator is driven in one direction but not the other. This occurs because of the Fizeau drag, leading to a full split of the resonance frequencies of the countercirculating modes. Different types of purely quantum correlations, such as single- and two-photon blockades, can emerge in different directions in a well-controlled manner, and the transition from PB to photon-induced tunneling is revealed as well. Our work opens up a new route to achieve quantum nonreciprocal devices, which are crucial elements in chiral quantum technologies or topological photonics.
A scheme of nonreciprocal conventional phonon blockade (PB) is proposed in a spinning optomechanical resonator coupled with a two-level atom. The coherent coupling between the atom and breathing mode is mediated by the optical mode with a large detuning. Due to the Fizeau shift caused by the spinning resonator, the PB can be implemented in a nonreciprocal way. Specifically, when the spinning resonator is driven from one direction, the single-phonon (1PB) and two-phonon blockade (2PB) can be achieved by adjusting both the amplitude and frequency of the mechanical drive field, while phonon-induced tunneling (PIT) occurs when the spinning resonator is driven from the opposite direction. The PB effects are insensitive to cavity decay because of the adiabatic elimination of the optical mode, thus making the scheme more robust to the optical noise and still feasible even in a low-Q cavity. Our scheme provides a flexible method for engineering a unidirectional phonon source with external control, which is expected to be used as a chiral quantum device in quantum computing networks.
The properties of the open quantum system in quantum information is a science now extensively investigated more generally as a fundamental issue for a variety of applications. Usually, the states of the open quantum system might be disturbed by decoherence which will reduce the fidelity in the quantum information processing. So it is better to eliminate the influence of the environment. However, as part of the composite system, rational use of the environment system could be beneficial to quantum information processing. Here we theoretically studied the environment induced quantum nonlinearity and energy spectrum tuning method in the optomechanical system. And we found that the dissipation coupling of the hybrid dissipation and dispersion optomechanical system can induce the coupling between the environment and system in the cross-Kerr interaction form. When the symmetry is broken with a directional auxiliary field, the system exhibits the non-reciprocal behavior during the photon excitation and photon blockade for the clockwise and counterclockwise modes of the whispering gallery mode microcavity. Furthermore, we believe that the cross-Kerr coupling can be more widely used in quantum information processing and quantum simulation.
Abstract The nonreciprocal property of quantum systems is crucial for chiral quantum networks. In this study, a phase‐controlled scheme is proposed to enhance the nonreciprocal quantum entanglement and optical transmission in a cavity optomechanical system by introducing a phase‐dependent unidirectional coupling between two whispering‐gallery‐mode (WGM) resonators. The Sagnac effect induced by the spinning resonator generates nonreciprocity, while the interference effect between direct evanescent coupling and indirect phase‐dependent unidirectional coupling significantly enhances entanglement under the anti‐Stokes sideband. For specific coupling phases, ideal nonreciprocity can be achieved in both entanglement and transmission. The proposed phase‐controlled nonreciprocity presented offers an effective strategy for constructing a unidirectional quantum channel and implementing an optical diode in chiral quantum networks, thereby opening up new possibilities for applications in quantum technologies.
We propose a scheme to realize nonreciprocal photon blockade and directional amplification in a spinning resonator with clockwise and counterclockwise traveling modes coupled to a stationary two-level atom. By manipulating the rotational frequency of the resonator, the two-level atom can be resonant with one of the traveling modes and largely detuned from the other one. Nonreciprocal conventional photon blockade is induced by the difference of the detunings between the two-level atom and the optical modes traveling in different directions. Besides that, nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade (UPB) based on the quantum interference can also be observed in the system. Based on the mechanism for nonreciprocal UPB, directional amplification of the blockaded photons is predicted by driving the spinning resonator and stationary two-level atom simultaneously. Our proposal will be applicable to achieve highly efficient nonreciprocal single-photon devices for applications in chiral quantum information processing.