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Optical and Quantum Electronics

An efficient controlled semi-quantum secret sharing protocol with entangled state

Monireh Houshmand, Shima Hassanpour, Majid Haghparast

Published Mar 25, 2024• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11082-024-06434-3

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Abstract Semi-quantum secret sharing (SQSS) is an important branch of semi-quantum cryptography, and differs from quantum secret sharing (QSS) in that not all parties are required to possess quantum capabilities. All previous SQSS protocols have three common features: (i) they adopt product states or entangled states as initial quantum resource; (ii) the particles prepared by quantum party are transmitted in a tree-type way; and (iii) they require the classical parties to possess the measurement capability. In this paper, two circular SQSS protocols with single particles are suggested, where the first one requires the classical parties to possess the measurement capability while the second one does not have this requirement. Compared with the previous SQSS protocols, the proposed SQSS protocols have some distinct features: (i) they adopt single particles rather than product states or entangled states as initial quantum resource; (ii) the particles prepared by quantum party are transmitted in a circular way; and (iii) the second protocol releases the classical parties from the measurement capability. The proposed SQSS protocols are robust against some famous attacks from an eavesdropper, such as the measure-resend attack, the intercept-resend attack and the entangle-measure attack, and are feasible with present quantum technologies in reality .

arXiv:2205.05558•Communications in Theoretical Physics•Dec 1, 2018•45 citations
Quantum secret sharing is a basic quantum cryptographic primitive, which plays an important role in robust key management and secure multiparty computation etc. In this work, we give a cryptanalysis of efficient controlled semi-quantum secret sharing protocol with entangled states proposed recently, which shows that the controller can recover the secret if he cooperates with any one participant. Furthermore, an external opponent can make participants recover a false secret without being detected by a special denial-of-service attack. Therefore, this protocol does not satisfy the security requirement that any unauthorized set can gain access to no information on the secret and cannot guarantee its correctness.
ABSTRACT Semi‐quantum secret sharing represents a significant area in quantum cryptography, offering the advantage of not requiring all participants to be fully quantum‐capable. Recently, Houshmand et al. (Opt. Quant. Electron. 2024, 56(5), 759) proposed a controlled semi‐quantum secret sharing protocol based on entangled states and claimed it was secure. However, the results of our analysis indicate that its security check is flawed and that the secret can be recovered if collaborates with any single other classical user. Accordingly, we propose an improved protocol that rectifies the flaws and resists not only the aforementioned attack, but also attacks initiated by up to dishonest users. In addition, our analysis of an existing denial‐of‐service attack shows that this attack cannot induce classical users to recover incorrect secrets. Consequently, no security check is necessary for this attack.
Abstract Semi-quantum secret sharing (SQSS) is an important branch of semi-quantum cryptography, and differs from quantum secret sharing (QSS) in that not all parties are required to possess quantum capabilities. All previous SQSS protocols have three common features: (i) they adopt product states or entangled states as initial quantum resource; (ii) the particles prepared by quantum party are transmitted in a tree-type way; and (iii) they require the classical parties to possess the measurement capability. In this paper, two circular SQSS protocols with single particles are suggested, where the first one requires the classical parties to possess the measurement capability while the second one does not have this requirement. Compared with the previous SQSS protocols, the proposed SQSS protocols have some distinct features: (i) they adopt single particles rather than product states or entangled states as initial quantum resource; (ii) the particles prepared by quantum party are transmitted in a circular way; and (iii) the second protocol releases the classical parties from the measurement capability. The proposed SQSS protocols are robust against some famous attacks from an eavesdropper, such as the measure-resend attack, the intercept-resend attack and the entangle-measure attack, and are feasible with present quantum technologies in reality .