Optical network has the characteristics of high speed, large capacity, long distance, and no electromagnetic interference. It is widely used in global information network. More than 90% of the world's information is transmitted through optical network, and has become an important strategic infrastructure of modern information society. Optical network physical layer security is one of the important indicators of optical network communication quality. It represents the ability of the optical network physical layer information to resist human interception and attacks. This paper summarizes the development of physical layer security technology of optical network, including physical layer security system of optical network, optical information protection and optical layer firewall, analyzes the development trend of the technology, and puts forward some suggestions on the development of physical layer security technology of optical network from the perspective of long-term development strategy and recent development focus.
Optical network has the characteristics of high speed, large capacity, long distance, and no electromagnetic interference. It is widely used in global information network. More than 90% of the world's information is transmitted through optical network, and has become an important strategic infrastructure of modern information society. Optical network physical layer security is one of the important indicators of optical network communication quality. It represents the ability of the optical network physical layer information to resist human interception and attacks. This paper summarizes the development of physical layer security technology of optical network, including physical layer security system of optical network, optical information protection and optical layer firewall, analyzes the development trend of the technology, and puts forward some suggestions on the development of physical layer security technology of optical network from the perspective of long-term development strategy and recent development focus.
The physical layer of an optical network is vulnerable to a variety of attacks, including jamming, physical infrastructure attacks, eavesdropping, and interception. As the demand for network capacity grows dramatically, the issue of securing the physical layer of optical network cannot be overlooked. In this survey paper, we discuss the security threats in an optical network as well as present several existing optical techniques to improve the security. In the first part of this paper, we discuss various types of security threats that could appear in the optical layer of an optical network, including jamming, physical infrastructure attacks, eavesdropping, and interception. Intensive research has focused on improving optical network security, in the above specific areas. Real-time processing of the optical signal is essential in order to integrate security functionality at the physical layer while not undermining the true value of optical communications, which is its speed. Optical layer security benefits from the unique properties of optical processing-instantaneous response, broadband operation, electromagnetic immunity, compactness, and low latency. In the second part of this paper, various defenses against the security threats outlined in this paper are discussed, including optical encryption, optical code-division multiple access (CDMA) confidentiality, self-healing survivable optical rings, anti-jamming, and optical steganography.
Fiber Optics Communication is also one of the major branch which is widely used in current communication world. Due to several advantages of fiber optics communication over different conventional wired communication method it is having higher priority. Though fiber optic transmits large amount of data quickly over long distance, it is vulnerable to various security attacks. The fiber optic cable can be easily tapped. Fundamental improvements can be achieved for the entire network by increasing the optical network’s performance in terms of channel capacity, data rate, and processing speed. Furthermore, the security of the optical network has an impact on the security of the entire communication system. Optical network security can be effectively protected by fiber-based methods, including all optical signal processing, optical key distribution, optical steganography, and optical chaos-based communication. Fiber-based devices do not radiate an electromagnetic signature and are immune to electromagnetic interference. To provide end to end secure fiber optic communication, a special encryption algorithm based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is employed. The proposed encryption algorithm is simulated and the performance is analyzed. In this paper we are mostly dealing with the basics of fiber optics working principle, priority over other conventional communication system and role of fiber optics communication in computer networking and its vulnerabilities.
With the wide application of large-capacity and high-speed optical networks, its security has become a current research focus. Due to the limitations of traditional key distribution and encryption schemes, this paper proposes an innovative key distribution and encryption control scheme based on physical layer channel feature extraction and analysis. First of all, the transceiver terminal extracts the physical characteristics of the fiber channel separately, and generates a consensus key through quantization coding. Second, use the generated key base to encrypt the transmission sequence, map the Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) signal to the high-order 1024×1024-QAM signal, and use the noise stream to perform the high-order QAM. The signal is flooded. The system utilizes channel non-replication and randomness of channel noise, the security and randomness of the key are good, and the key formation rate is high and the key generation equipment is simple. The system uses high-order QAM modulation, which increases the security of the system. The experimental results show that the coding rate of the key generated by the system reaches 400kb/s, and the coding performance of the key is better; the operating key is generated by the key base extension, which has strong anti-interception ability; the system has a low bit error rate and secure transmission Good performance.
Fiber optic systems are important telecommunication infrastructure for world-wide broadband networks. Wide bandwidth signal transmission with low delay is a key requirement in present day applications. Optical fibers provide enormous and unsurpassed transmission bandwidth with negligible latency, and are now the transmission medium of choice for long distance and high data rate transmission in telecommunication networks. This paper gives an overview of fiber optic communication systems including their key technologies, and also discusses their technological trend towards the next generation
Data security at the physical layer of optical networks, or optical layer security, has received considerable research attention due to the rapid growth of optical network capacity [1]. Among various optical layer approaches, optical codedivision multiple access (OCDMA) systems are considered to be promising because of the physical encoding and decoding processes comprising these systems. Generally, physical encoding is an important concept in the field of optical layer security, which implements encoding to the transmitted optical signals, and protects the transmitted data from attack. In this paper, we provide an overview of various OCDMA systems, and discuss the impact of different physical encoding methods on OCDMA systems, in terms of security assurance. Furthermore, we introduce the application of physical encoding to optical steganography and optical transmission with wireless CDMA for security improvement.
As the existing radio-frequency (RF) networks cannot meet the ever-increasing data rate demand, the optical wireless communication (OWC), which uses a wide untapped unregulated spectrum, has been proposed as a promising technology to overcome the RF spectrum limitations. On the other hand, with the increasing demand for high data rate and the prevalence of the broadcast-nature networks, researchers have recently come up with new mechanisms to improve secure communication using physical layer techniques. Compared to RF networks, the OWC networks are more secure and less susceptible to the interception because of the small coverage provided by LEDs, and because they work properly only in the presence of the line-of-sight (LoS) components. However, the security in OWC networks is still an issue, especially in visible light communication (VLC) when the transmitted information can be accessed by multiple users as in public areas, meeting rooms, laboratories, and libraries. That means potential eavesdroppers may be existing to gather confidential messages. This paper reviews all the conducted work on physical layer security (PLS) in two types of OWC networks, which are the VLC and free space optical (FSO) networks. Furthermore, the paper proposes several open problems in these networks to optimize and enhance the security performance.