The proposed work delves into the utilization of chaotic maps along with the quantum mechanisms to strengthen the security of the digital images along with addressing the limitations posed by conventional 1-D chaotic systems characterized by their pseudorandom and periodic attributes. Leveraging the inherent uncertainty in quantum theory, the proposed research introduces a new image encryption scheme. This method is built upon the concepts of two-dimensional quantum coding and the 1-D sine-based chaotic map (1-D SBCM). In the proposed encryption scheme, initially, a random sequence is created using 1-D SBCM by varying the seed parameters. This sequence is subsequently utilized for the purpose of scrambling. After that, a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is meticulously devised, drawing inspiration from the concepts of quantum coherence. This PRNG generates a confidential code stream that defies predictability and remains incongruent with the plaintext image, thereby contributing to heightened security levels. Subsequently, the research employs the novel enhanced quantum representation (NEQR) model, capitalizing on its advanced capabilities. Within this framework, the study introduces a quantum right cyclic shift operator, as well as a quantum XOR operator. These operators play a vital role in the formation of highly robust encrypted images. The application of these quantum operators not only enhances the security measures but also increases the complexity of the encryption procedure Statistical evidence derived from comprehensive experimentation corroborates the efficacy of the proposed image encryption scheme. Through rigorous analysis, it becomes evident that the system exhibits a robust performance in terms of strong security. The integration of quantum principles and quantum coding demonstrates that the proposed encryption scheme is resilient against potential threats.
The proposed work delves into the utilization of chaotic maps along with the quantum mechanisms to strengthen the security of the digital images along with addressing the limitations posed by conventional 1-D chaotic systems characterized by their pseudorandom and periodic attributes. Leveraging the inherent uncertainty in quantum theory, the proposed research introduces a new image encryption scheme. This method is built upon the concepts of two-dimensional quantum coding and the 1-D sine-based chaotic map (1-D SBCM). In the proposed encryption scheme, initially, a random sequence is created using 1-D SBCM by varying the seed parameters. This sequence is subsequently utilized for the purpose of scrambling. After that, a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is meticulously devised, drawing inspiration from the concepts of quantum coherence. This PRNG generates a confidential code stream that defies predictability and remains incongruent with the plaintext image, thereby contributing to heightened security levels. Subsequently, the research employs the novel enhanced quantum representation (NEQR) model, capitalizing on its advanced capabilities. Within this framework, the study introduces a quantum right cyclic shift operator, as well as a quantum XOR operator. These operators play a vital role in the formation of highly robust encrypted images. The application of these quantum operators not only enhances the security measures but also increases the complexity of the encryption procedure Statistical evidence derived from comprehensive experimentation corroborates the efficacy of the proposed image encryption scheme. Through rigorous analysis, it becomes evident that the system exhibits a robust performance in terms of strong security. The integration of quantum principles and quantum coding demonstrates that the proposed encryption scheme is resilient against potential threats.
Quantum computing poses an unparalleled threat to the conventional methodologies of image encryption through its capability for mathematical-based security breaking. This paper discusses the integration of chaos theory with quantum mechanics in the development of robust algorithms for image encryption, considering the inherent vulnerabilities of classical approaches. We start with the basics of chaos theory and its implications in cryptography, emphasizing sensitivity regarding initial conditions and the unpredictability of chaotic systems. Then, we reviewed some of the existing quantum image encryption techniques and their limitations. Our analysis elucidates the potential of chaos-driven quantum algorithms for key generation and image scrambling to enhance security metrics such as key sensitivity, entropy, and unpredictability. We further discuss the performance of such algorithms in resistance against different attack vectors and their application domains, including healthcare, military, and digital rights management. The paper concludes by pointing out the directions of future research, hence calling for further development of sophisticated chaotic maps to integrate them into practical quantum image encryption solutions. The study points out that chaos-based quantum image encryption has strong potential to defend against evolving cyber threats.
This paper explores a double quantum images representation (DNEQR) model that allows for simultaneous storage of two digital images in a quantum superposition state. Additionally, a new type of two-dimensional hyperchaotic system based on sine and logistic maps is investigated, offering a wider parameter space and better chaotic behavior compared to the sine and logistic maps. Based on the DNEQR model and the hyperchaotic system, a double quantum images encryption algorithm is proposed. Firstly, two classical plaintext images are transformed into quantum states using the DNEQR model. Then, the proposed hyperchaotic system is employed to iteratively generate pseudo-random sequences. These chaotic sequences are utilized to perform pixel value and position operations on the quantum image, resulting in changes to both pixel values and positions. Finally, the ciphertext image can be obtained by qubit-level diffusion using two XOR operations between the position-permutated image and the pseudo-random sequences. The corresponding quantum circuits are also given. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme ensures the security of the images during transmission, improves the encryption efficiency, and enhances anti-interference and anti-attack capabilities.
Objectives. The aim of the work is the development and experimental verification of a hybrid postquantum image encryption algorithm based on a 3D chaotic system and the Rubik's cube principle. Methods. Issues of the vulnerability of traditional encryption methods to attacks using quantum computers are considered. To create a cryptographically robust algorithm, it is proposed to combine the advantages of chaotic systems and quantum computing. A new 3D chaotic system based on a modified Lorenz system is used for generating pseudorandom keys. The Rubik's cube principle is applied to perform image scrambling operations (cyclic shifting of rows and columns). The NEQR (Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation) model is used for quantum representation and data processing. The algorithm is implemented in Python using the Quiskit, OpenCV, and NumPy libraries, as well as the AerSimulator quantum computing simulator. Results. A hybrid encryption algorithm has been developed and implemented as a computer program. The algorithm was tested on images of various sizes and formats. Resistance to statistical and differential attacks has been experimentally confirmed: the correlation coefficient of adjacent pixels in the encrypted images is close to zero, the information entropy is close to the ideal value of 8, and the NPCR and PSNR values exceed 99,25 % and are less than 13 dB, respectively. Conclusion. The proposed hybrid algorithm demonstrates high cryptographic strength and efficiency. Key sensitivity, the use of quantum principles, and performance optimization through multithreading make it practical for use in security-critical areas such as IoT, telemedicine, and cloud storage. The software implementation operates locally without requiring an internet connection, which ensures data security.
The emergence of quantum computing has introduced unprecedented security challenges to conventional cryptographic systems, particularly in the domain of optical communications. This research addresses these challenges by innovatively combining quantum key distribution (QKD), specifically the E91 protocol, with logistic chaotic maps to establish a secure image transmission scheme. Our approach utilizes the unpredictability of chaotic systems alongside the robust security mechanisms inherent in quantum entanglement. The scheme is further fortified with an eavesdropping detection mechanism based on CHSH inequality, thereby enhancing its resilience against unauthorized access. Through quantitative simulations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this scheme in encrypting images, achieving high entropy and sensitivity to the original images. The results indicate a significant improvement in encryption and decryption efficiency, showcasing the potential of the scheme as a viable solution against the vulnerabilities posed by quantum computing advancements. Our research offers a novel perspective in secure optical communications, blending the principles of chaos theory with QKD to create a more robust cryptographic framework.
Security of medical media is important for patient safety and confidentiality. This paper proposes a framework for the chaos-based quantum encryption of healthcare images. In the framework, healthcare staff in one location send cipher images to the cloud. The healthcare staff in another location receives the images from the cloud. By decrypting the content of the images, the healthcare staff can assist users in a secure manner. This paper also proposes a novel approach for the efficient quantum image encryption of healthcare media. The proposed algorithm utilizes gray code and a chaotic map. The quantum image is scrambled by quantum gray code. Then, the scrambled quantum image is encrypted using a quantum XOR operation based on a key generator controlled by the logistic-sine map. The circuits of the proposed encryption/decryption algorithm are devised based on an NEQR quantum image representation. Numerical and simulation analyses show that the proposed quantum image encryption approach is robust, realizable, and has high efficiency compared with its classical counterpart.
With the growing demand for highly secure medical data transmission, this research introduces a fused cryptography framework that integrates mathematical quantum computing operations with advanced classical encryption techniques. The proposed method incorporates quantum principles, including quantum walks, quantum-based cyclic shift operators, quantum XOR operations, and quantum key image generation with classical methods such as bit-plane extraction and hyperchaotic system-based scrambling. A hyperchaotic map generates random key sequences to produce both a spatial domain random image and a quantum key image. The medical image is first decomposed into eight bit-planes, and only the high-information bit-planes (HIBPs) undergo encryption to optimize computational efficiency. HIBPs are scrambled using multilayer, block-wise, and diagonal permutations based on the chaotic sequences. Quantum encryption is then applied, starting with novel enhanced quantum representation encoding, followed by Baker map-based scrambling and quantum XOR diffusion to secure the final ciphertext. Extensive experiments, including entropy evaluation, noise attack resilience, clipping attack robustness, and correlation analysis, confirm the superior security and performance of the proposed method. Notably, the algorithm achieves near-ideal results, such as an entropy of 7.9999, a correlation coefficient of 0.0001, 98% plaintext recovery after 30% noise corruption, and 96% recovery after 25% ciphertext clipping, demonstrating its robustness for secure medical data transmission.