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Stabilized two-mode squeezed coherent state of light

Tai Hyun Yoon, Chanseul Lee

Published Jan 9, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a versatile method for producing two-mode stabilized squeezed coherent state (SSCS) of light with controllable nonclassicality. Our method involves seeding phase-coherent bichromatic fields into a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (OPO), where the global phase difference $\Phi$ between the bichromatic seed and pump fields plays a central role. When $\Phi=2n\pi$, where $n$ is an integer, we show that the two-mode SSCS has its nonclassical measure at its minimum possible value with an effective displacement that compensates for single-photon losses with injected photons. As a result, the SSCS has a larger mean photon number and controllable nonclassicality compared to an OPO without seed fields. We also show that near-perfect squeezing level can be obtained at that effective displacement without being subject to injection rates. We believe that the proposed quantum source of two-mode SSCS with controllable nonclassicality would be useful for continuous-variable photonic quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1364/opticaopen.24963987.v1

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We present a versatile method for producing two-mode stabilized squeezed coherent state (SSCS) of light with controllable nonclassicality. Our method involves seeding phase-coherent bichromatic fields into a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (OPO), where the global phase difference Φ\PhiΦ between the bichromatic seed and pump fields plays a central role. When Φ=2nπ\Phi=2n\piΦ=2nπ, where nnn is an integer, we show that the two-mode SSCS has its nonclassical measure at its minimum possible value with an effective displacement that compensates for single-photon losses with injected photons. As a result, the SSCS has a larger mean photon number and controllable nonclassicality compared to an OPO without seed fields. We also show that near-perfect squeezing level can be obtained at that effective displacement without being subject to injection rates. We believe that the proposed quantum source of two-mode SSCS with controllable nonclassicality would be useful for continuous-variable photonic quantum information processing.
We present a versatile method for producing two-mode stabilized squeezed coherent state (SSCS) of light with controllable nonclassicality. Our method involves seeding phase-coherent bichromatic fields into a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (OPO), where the global phase difference Φ\PhiΦ between the bichromatic seed and pump fields plays a central role. When Φ=2nπ\Phi=2n\piΦ=2nπ, where nnn is an integer, we show that the two-mode SSCS has its nonclassical measure at its minimum possible value with an effective displacement that compensates for single-photon losses with injected photons. As a result, the SSCS has a larger mean photon number and controllable nonclassicality compared to an OPO without seed fields. We also show that near-perfect squeezing level can be obtained at that effective displacement without being subject to injection rates. We believe that the proposed quantum source of two-mode SSCS with controllable nonclassicality would be useful for continuous-variable photonic quantum information processing.
We consider a two-mode stabilized squeezed coherent state (SSCS) of light and introduce the ΠNΠ_{\rm N}ΠN​ indicator, a novel measure for characterizing nonclassicality in the resulting EPR-entangled state. Unlike existing methods based on Cauchy-Schwarz or Murihead inequalities, ΠNΠ_{\rm N}ΠN​ leverages analytical solutions to the quantum Langevin equations to directly analyze nonclassicality arising from key processes like bichromatic injection, frequency conversion, and parametric down-conversion (both spontaneous and stimulated). This approach not only identifies the optimal phase for maximum nonclassicality but also reveals two new phenomena: first, both intra-cavity and extra-cavity fields exhibit the same degree of nonclassicality, and second, balanced seeding in phase-mismatched configurations induces nonclassicality across a broad range of squeezing and seeding parameters. Our work deepens the understanding of the intricate dependence of nonclassicality on system parameters in the context of SSCS, paving the way for investigations into the quantum-to-classical transition in entangled systems. The potential of ΠNΠ_{\rm N}ΠN​ holds significant promise for advancements in quantum optics and information science.
We re-examine the properties of the states produced by nondegenerate coherently stimulated parametric down-conversion wherein the signal and idler modes are seeded with coherent states of light and where the nonlinear crystal is driven by a strong classical field as described by the parametric approximation. The states produced are the two-mode squeezed coherent states defined with a specific ordering of operators, namely, the displacement operators of the two modes acting on the double vacuum state followed by the action of the two-mode squeeze operator representing the down-conversion process. Though mathematically equivalent to the reverse ordering of operators, but with different displacement parameters, the ordering we consider is closely related to what could most easily be implemented in the laboratory. The statistical properties of the state are studied with an emphasis on how they, and its average photon number, are affected by the various controllable phases, namely, those of the classical pump field of the two input coherent states. We then consider the multiphoton interference effects that arise if the two beams are overlapped on a 50:50 beam splitter, investigating the role of the phases in controlling the statistical properties of the output states. Finally, we study the prospects for the application of the states to quantum-optical interferometry to obtain sensitivities in phase-shift measurements beyond the standard quantum limit.
Engineering non-classical states of the electromagnetic field is a central quest for quantum optics(1,2). Beyond their fundamental significance, such states are indeed the resources for implementing various protocols, ranging from enhanced metrology to quantum communication and computing. A variety of devices can be used to generate non-classical states, such as single emitters, light-matter interfaces or non-linear systems(3). We focus here on the use of a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator(3,4). This system is based on a non-linear χ(2) crystal inserted inside an optical cavity and it is now well-known as a very efficient source of non-classical light, such as single-mode or two-mode squeezed vacuum depending on the crystal phase matching. Squeezed vacuum is a Gaussian state as its quadrature distributions follow a Gaussian statistics. However, it has been shown that number of protocols require non-Gaussian states(5). Generating directly such states is a difficult task and would require strong χ(3) non-linearities. Another procedure, probabilistic but heralded, consists in using a measurement-induced non-linearity via a conditional preparation technique operated on Gaussian states. Here, we detail this generation protocol for two non-Gaussian states, the single-photon state and a superposition of coherent states, using two differently phase-matched parametric oscillators as primary resources. This technique enables achievement of a high fidelity with the targeted state and generation of the state in a well-controlled spatiotemporal mode.