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Physica Scripta

Sagnac interferometry and the impact of conductivity-dependent Raman gain on rotary photon drag

Sana Ullah, Arif Ullah, Muhammad Javed, Rashid Ahmad

Published Jan 3, 2024• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We theoretically demonstrate the impact of conductivity-dependent Raman gain (RG) on rotary photon drag (RPD) in a Sagnac interferometer (SI). The presence of conductivity-dependent Raman gain results in enhanced RPD angles, ranging from θ d = ± 0.56 radians to θ d = ± 0.7 radians. The susceptibility, group index, relativistic group velocities, and RPD exhibit significant fluctuations with changes in the conductivity phase. Specifically, we observe gain-singlets when the control field is deactivated, while gain doublets are achieved when the control field is activated. Moreover, within the gain regions, we observe normal dispersion, whereas anomalous dispersion is observed around the gain regions. These findings have potential applications in controlled image coding/design, four-wave mixing, photo detectors, light modulation, and phase-matching in Brillouin scattering.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/ad1a39

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Abstract We theoretically demonstrate the impact of conductivity-dependent Raman gain (RG) on rotary photon drag (RPD) in a Sagnac interferometer (SI). The presence of conductivity-dependent Raman gain results in enhanced RPD angles, ranging from θ d = ± 0.56 radians to θ d = ± 0.7 radians. The susceptibility, group index, relativistic group velocities, and RPD exhibit significant fluctuations with changes in the conductivity phase. Specifically, we observe gain-singlets when the control field is deactivated, while gain doublets are achieved when the control field is activated. Moreover, within the gain regions, we observe normal dispersion, whereas anomalous dispersion is observed around the gain regions. These findings have potential applications in controlled image coding/design, four-wave mixing, photo detectors, light modulation, and phase-matching in Brillouin scattering.
Abstract We theoretically explore the impact of cross-Kerr nonlinearity (CKN) on rotary photon drag (RPD) and temporal cloaking in a Sagnac interferometer. With the activation of CKN, significant improvements in RPD and temporal cloaking are observed. Drag angles of ± 1 × 10 − 3 and ± 5 × 10 − 3 radians are attained, similarly, temporal gaps of 10 μ s, 12 μ s and 13 μ s are observed. In addition to the observed electromagnetically induced transparency window, the group refractive index is drastically enhanced, time delay/advance are tuned from pico-radians to micro-radians, and reduced relativistic group velocities are achieved by activating CKN within the system. Additionally, the transmission pulses intensities are observed to be reduced with the dragging phenomenon. The findings may have potential applications in controlled image coding, rotation sensing and secure communication technologies.
Abstract We present a theoretical investigation of the photon drag by incorporating self-Kerr nonlinearity (SKN) in a Sagnac interferometer featuring a four-level atomic system. By introducing SKN in the system, we demonstrate significant improvements in the photon drag angles, ranging from ±10 micro-radians to ±1 centi-radians. Additionally, the presence of SKN leads to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), reduced group velocities, and a positive group index enhancement within the system. Conversely, in the absence of SKN, a negative group index is observed, accompanied by larger group velocities and minimal photon drag angles. The results obtained may have potential applications in various fields, such as slow-light detection, controlled image coding/design, efficient light modulators, and phase-matching in Brillouin scattering.
Abstract The phenomenon of temporal cloaking (TC) via Raman gain is explored using Sagnac interferometer (SI) and atomic medium coupling. As a function of the pump field detuning, the temporal gap extends from 6 ms to 20 ms, with the presence of Raman gain in the system. Whereas, with variations in the control field phase angle, a temporal gap of 10 ms is achieved within the system. Similarly, the time delay/advance reaches to ±2 ms and ±5 ms. Additionally, positive and negative improved group refractive index is observed accompanied by negative and positive relativistic group velocities. The presented results may find applications in secure communication, image coding/design, and secure rotation sensing technologies.
Abstract Subluminal and superluminal propagation of light, and normal and anomalous rotary photon drag are reported in this manuscript using control fields of the Milnor polynomial. A crater-type absorption spectrum is reported, having a central peak at the origin with a variation of positions. The normal and anomalous dispersion are associated with the low and high absorption regions. The group index varies in the range of − 1 × 10 7 ⩽ n g ⩽ 1 × 10 7 . This corresponds to a group velocity of v g = c / n g varying in the range of − 30 m s − 1 ⩽ v g ⩽ 30 m s − 1 . The maximum positive and negative delay times are measured to ± 0.002 s . It is reported that slow light propagation generates normal photon drag and fast light propagation generates anomalous rotary photon drag in a spinning medium. The rotary photon drag varies in the range of − 0.005 rad ⩽ θ d ⩽ 0.005 rad , where both normal and anomalous drag is also observed. The modified results will be useful in optical and biomedical sensors, and imaging and telecommunication technologies.
We theoretically investigate temporal cloaking (TC) in a Sagnac interferometer using conductivity-dependent cross-Kerr nonlinearity (CKN). By altering the phase and strength of conductivity, we observe changes in the effectiveness of TC, variations in relativistic group velocities (RGV), and shifts in the group index. The group index attains values up to [Formula: see text] depending on the phase angles [Formula: see text]. Similarly, the window of temporal gaps increases as a function of [Formula: see text] and the phase of conductivity, with higher conductivity strengths. The maximum temporal gap is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s. These results will contribute to advancement in secure quantum communication and precision rotation sensing technologies.