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Optics Communications

Effect of neighboring transitions on the transformation between electromagnetically induced transparency and two-photon absorption

Haogong Liu, Xiang-an Yan, Xiaoxiang Han, Haowei Ti, Xixi Bai, Zhou Guo, Xiaorui Huang, Chenjie Wang, Dandan Zhang

Published Nov 20, 2023• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2023.130128

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The effects of neighboring transitions through Doppler broadening on electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for the D2 transition line in Rb atoms with respect to the same circular polarization configurations ( σ + − σ + ) of coupling and probe lasers have been investigated. Spectra for the open F g = 2 → F e = 2 transition of 87 Rb and the F g = 3 → F e = 2 and 3 transitions of 85 Rb exhibit EIA, resulting from the neighboring effect of F g = 2 → F e = 3 and F g = 3 → F e = 4 transitions, respectively. In contrast, EIT is observed for the open F g = 2 → F e = 1 transition of 87 Rb, which indicates greater hyperfine energy splittings of 87 Rb and weaker neighboring effects than those of 85 Rb. Based on the theoretical results, we can confirm that EIT in the case of F g > F e for 87 Rb and circular parallel polarization transforms into EIA due to the magnitude of the neighboring effects with a decrease in the hyperfine energy splittings.

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Effects of neighboring transitions through Doppler broadening on electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of the degenerate two-level system at the F g =2→ F e =1,2, and 3 transitions of the 87 Rb D2 line have been investigated. Two different polarization configurations, such as linear parallel and linear perpendicular polarizations of coupling and probe lasers, have been studied. We study the significant variation of EIT and EIA due to the effect of the neighboring transitions via artificial variation of the hyperfine spacings of the 5 P 3/2 state. We have a new observation such as EIT instead of EIA due to the neighboring effect, even in the case of closed systems such as F g =2→ F e =3 of 87 Rb for the linear parallel configuration, for the first time to our best knowledge. The observed spectra match well with theoretically calculated spectra. EIAs for the open F g =2→ F e =1 and 2 transitions at the linear perpendicular polarization are observed due to neighboring effects. This system may be applied to optical switching systems for future quantum processing application.

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Unravelling the Mechanisms of Electromagnetically Induced Absorption and Transparency in Open Degenerate Multilevel System: Effects of Neighboring Transitions

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Abstract Optical Bloch equations with and without neighboring hyperfine states near the degenerate two-level system (DTLS) in the challenging case of 85Rb D2 transition that involves the Doppler broadening effect are solved herein. The calculated spectra agree well with the experimental results obtained using the coupling-probe scheme with orthogonal linear polarizations of the coupling and probe fields. The mechanisms of electromagnetically induced absorption (electromagnetically induced transparency) for the open Fg = 3 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions (open Fg = 2 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions) are clearly determined to be the effect of the strong closed Fg = 3 → Fe = 4 transition line (strong closed Fg = 2 → Fe = 1 transition line) based on the comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of a DTLS without neighboring states and those of all levels with neighboring states depending on the coupling and probe power ratios. The crucial factors established based on comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of DTLS with and without neighboring states, which enhance or reduce coherence effects and result in transformation between electromagnetically induced absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency, are the power ratios between coupling and probe beams, openness of the excited state, and effects of the neighboring states due to the Doppler broadening in a real atomic system.

•Jul 15, 2021•0 citations
The effects of neighboring transitions through Doppler broadening on electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for the D2 transition line in Rb atoms with respect to the same circular polarization configurations ( σ + − σ + ) of coupling and probe lasers have been investigated. Spectra for the open F g = 2 → F e = 2 transition of 87 Rb and the F g = 3 → F e = 2 and 3 transitions of 85 Rb exhibit EIA, resulting from the neighboring effect of F g = 2 → F e = 3 and F g = 3 → F e = 4 transitions, respectively. In contrast, EIT is observed for the open F g = 2 → F e = 1 transition of 87 Rb, which indicates greater hyperfine energy splittings of 87 Rb and weaker neighboring effects than those of 85 Rb. Based on the theoretical results, we can confirm that EIT in the case of F g > F e for 87 Rb and circular parallel polarization transforms into EIA due to the magnitude of the neighboring effects with a decrease in the hyperfine energy splittings.
Effects of neighboring transitions through Doppler broadening on electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of the degenerate two-level system at the F g =2→ F e =1,2, and 3 transitions of the 87 Rb D2 line have been investigated. Two different polarization configurations, such as linear parallel and linear perpendicular polarizations of coupling and probe lasers, have been studied. We study the significant variation of EIT and EIA due to the effect of the neighboring transitions via artificial variation of the hyperfine spacings of the 5 P 3/2 state. We have a new observation such as EIT instead of EIA due to the neighboring effect, even in the case of closed systems such as F g =2→ F e =3 of 87 Rb for the linear parallel configuration, for the first time to our best knowledge. The observed spectra match well with theoretically calculated spectra. EIAs for the open F g =2→ F e =1 and 2 transitions at the linear perpendicular polarization are observed due to neighboring effects. This system may be applied to optical switching systems for future quantum processing application.
Abstract Optical Bloch equations with and without neighboring hyperfine states near the degenerate two-level system (DTLS) in the challenging case of 85Rb D2 transition that involves the Doppler broadening effect are solved herein. The calculated spectra agree well with the experimental results obtained using the coupling-probe scheme with orthogonal linear polarizations of the coupling and probe fields. The mechanisms of electromagnetically induced absorption (electromagnetically induced transparency) for the open Fg = 3 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions (open Fg = 2 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions) are clearly determined to be the effect of the strong closed Fg = 3 → Fe = 4 transition line (strong closed Fg = 2 → Fe = 1 transition line) based on the comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of a DTLS without neighboring states and those of all levels with neighboring states depending on the coupling and probe power ratios. The crucial factors established based on comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of DTLS with and without neighboring states, which enhance or reduce coherence effects and result in transformation between electromagnetically induced absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency, are the power ratios between coupling and probe beams, openness of the excited state, and effects of the neighboring states due to the Doppler broadening in a real atomic system.