Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Vortices in Superfluids

L. M. Pismen

Published Mar 11, 1999• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A superfluid is characterized by flow without dissipation. From a macroscopic point of view, superflow is a consequence of Galilean invariance of antisymmetric (conservative) dynamic equations of the type (1.28).
DOI
10.1093/oso/9780198501671.003.0004

Related papers

Neutral Matter Field

Boris V. Svistunov, Egor S. Babaev, Nikolay V. Prokof'ev

Superfluidity is the phenomenon of matter flow-referred to as a superflowwithout any resistance from the walls or other obstacles. It is common to refer to superfluidity as a macroscopic quantum phenomenon. The word “quantum” here is only conditionally correct. Furthermore, it is somewhat confusing since it creates an impression that superfluidity cannot exist within the domain of classical physics. It is unquestionably true that the system of classical particles cannot support a superflow, and it is from that classical-particle perspective that superfluidity is associated with the quantum world. However, it turns out that for certain complex-valued classical fields, the superfluid phenomenon is absolutely natural. Hence, superfluidity looks quantum only from either the classical-particle or quantum-field point of view, while being classical from the complementary perspective. In general, this is reflective of the dual nature of quantum fields, which under certain conditions can mimic the behavior of purely classical particles, while under other conditions can also behave as classical fields.

CRC Press eBooks•Apr 15, 2015•0 citations

Dynamical vortices in superfluid films

Daniel P. Arovas, José A. Freire

The coupling of superfluid film to a moving vortex is a gauge coupling entirely dictated by topology. From the definition of a linking number, one can define a gauge field ${\mathrm{A}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$ , whose (2+1)-dimensional curl is the vortex three-current ${\mathrm{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$ , and to which the superfluid is minimally coupled. We compute the superfluid density and current response to a moving vortex. Exploiting the analogy to (2+1)-dimensional electrodynamics, we compute the effective vortex mass M(\ensuremath{\omega}) and find that it is logarithmically divergent in the \ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0 limit, with a constant imaginary part, yielding a super-Ohmic dissipation in the presence of an oscillating superflow. Numerical integration of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation supports these conclusions. The interaction of vortices with impurities coupling to the density also is discussed.

arXiv:cond-mat/9609145•Physical review. B, Condensed matter•Jan 1, 1997•60 citations

Superfluid Flow Around an Obstacle

In this chapter, we address another issue related to superfluidity: the existence of a dissipationless flow induced by the motion of a macroscopic object in a superfluid. The nucleation of vortices corresponds to the breakdown of this dissipationless phenomenon. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Birkhäuser Boston eBooks•Oct 13, 2007•1 citation

Vortex pseudomomentum and dissipation in a superfluid vortex lattice

Horacio M. Cataldo

Abstract. We propose an alternative approach to the dissipative vortex dynamics occurring in a superfluid vortex lattice at finite temperatures. Focusing upon the pseudomomentum of a vortex and its surrounding quasiparticles, we derive an equation of motion which, in spite of yielding the same evolution as the usual one for massless vortices, does not involve the vortex mass. This picture could provide further insights into the controversy about the nature of the vortex mass. PACS numbers: 47.37.+q, 67.25.dk, 67.25.dmVortex pseudomomentum and dissipation 2 1.

•Jul 1, 2008•1 citation

Magnus force in discrete and continuous two-dimensional superfluids

Z. Gecse, Sergei Khlebnikov

Motion of vortices in two-dimensional superfluids in the classical limit is studied by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation numerically on a uniform lattice. We find that, in the presence of a superflow directed along one of the main lattice periods, vortices move with the superflow on fine lattices but perpendicular to it on coarse ones. We interpret this result as a transition from the full Magnus force in a Galilean-invariant limit to vanishing effective Magnus force in a discrete system, in agreement with the existing experiments on vortex motion in Josephson junction arrays.

arXiv:cond-mat/0503717•Physical Review B•Aug 29, 2005•1 citation

Superfluids

Henry Edgar Hall

What is a superfluid? The word “superfluid” was coined to describe a qualitatively different state of a fluid that can occur at low temperatures, in which the resistance to flow is identically zero, so that flow round a closed path lasts for ever – a persistent current. Superfluidity can occur either for uncharged particles such as helium atoms or for charged particles such as the electrons in a metal. In the latter case the flow constitutes an electric current and we have a superconductor. Since an electric current is accompanied by a magnetic field, it is much easier to demonstrate the presence of a persistent current in a superconductor than in a neutral superfluid. In this chapter I shall describe the properties of superfluids, starting with the simplest and working up to more complicated examples. But in this introductory section I shall depart from the historical order even further by turning to the last page of the detective story so as to catch a glimpse of the conclusion from almost a century of experimental and theoretical research; we shall then have an idea of where we are heading. The conclusion is that superfluidity is more than just flow without resistance. It is an example of a transition to a more ordered state as the temperature is lowered, like the transition to ferromagnetism. At such a transition new macroscopically measurable quantities appear: in the case of a ferromagnet, the spontaneous magnetization. Such new measurable quantities are known as the order parameter of the low-temperature phase. The new quantities in the case of a superfluid are more subtle and more surprising: the amplitude and phase of the de Broglie wave associated with the motion of the superfluid particles. A superfluid can therefore exhibit quantummechanical effects on a macroscopic scale.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Feb 13, 2006•0 citations
Superfluidity is the phenomenon of matter flow-referred to as a superflowwithout any resistance from the walls or other obstacles. It is common to refer to superfluidity as a macroscopic quantum phenomenon. The word “quantum” here is only conditionally correct. Furthermore, it is somewhat confusing since it creates an impression that superfluidity cannot exist within the domain of classical physics. It is unquestionably true that the system of classical particles cannot support a superflow, and it is from that classical-particle perspective that superfluidity is associated with the quantum world. However, it turns out that for certain complex-valued classical fields, the superfluid phenomenon is absolutely natural. Hence, superfluidity looks quantum only from either the classical-particle or quantum-field point of view, while being classical from the complementary perspective. In general, this is reflective of the dual nature of quantum fields, which under certain conditions can mimic the behavior of purely classical particles, while under other conditions can also behave as classical fields.
The coupling of superfluid film to a moving vortex is a gauge coupling entirely dictated by topology. From the definition of a linking number, one can define a gauge field ${\mathrm{A}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$ , whose (2+1)-dimensional curl is the vortex three-current ${\mathrm{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$ , and to which the superfluid is minimally coupled. We compute the superfluid density and current response to a moving vortex. Exploiting the analogy to (2+1)-dimensional electrodynamics, we compute the effective vortex mass M(\ensuremath{\omega}) and find that it is logarithmically divergent in the \ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0 limit, with a constant imaginary part, yielding a super-Ohmic dissipation in the presence of an oscillating superflow. Numerical integration of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation supports these conclusions. The interaction of vortices with impurities coupling to the density also is discussed.
Abstract. We propose an alternative approach to the dissipative vortex dynamics occurring in a superfluid vortex lattice at finite temperatures. Focusing upon the pseudomomentum of a vortex and its surrounding quasiparticles, we derive an equation of motion which, in spite of yielding the same evolution as the usual one for massless vortices, does not involve the vortex mass. This picture could provide further insights into the controversy about the nature of the vortex mass. PACS numbers: 47.37.+q, 67.25.dk, 67.25.dmVortex pseudomomentum and dissipation 2 1.
Motion of vortices in two-dimensional superfluids in the classical limit is studied by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation numerically on a uniform lattice. We find that, in the presence of a superflow directed along one of the main lattice periods, vortices move with the superflow on fine lattices but perpendicular to it on coarse ones. We interpret this result as a transition from the full Magnus force in a Galilean-invariant limit to vanishing effective Magnus force in a discrete system, in agreement with the existing experiments on vortex motion in Josephson junction arrays.
What is a superfluid? The word “superfluid” was coined to describe a qualitatively different state of a fluid that can occur at low temperatures, in which the resistance to flow is identically zero, so that flow round a closed path lasts for ever – a persistent current. Superfluidity can occur either for uncharged particles such as helium atoms or for charged particles such as the electrons in a metal. In the latter case the flow constitutes an electric current and we have a superconductor. Since an electric current is accompanied by a magnetic field, it is much easier to demonstrate the presence of a persistent current in a superconductor than in a neutral superfluid. In this chapter I shall describe the properties of superfluids, starting with the simplest and working up to more complicated examples. But in this introductory section I shall depart from the historical order even further by turning to the last page of the detective story so as to catch a glimpse of the conclusion from almost a century of experimental and theoretical research; we shall then have an idea of where we are heading. The conclusion is that superfluidity is more than just flow without resistance. It is an example of a transition to a more ordered state as the temperature is lowered, like the transition to ferromagnetism. At such a transition new macroscopically measurable quantities appear: in the case of a ferromagnet, the spontaneous magnetization. Such new measurable quantities are known as the order parameter of the low-temperature phase. The new quantities in the case of a superfluid are more subtle and more surprising: the amplitude and phase of the de Broglie wave associated with the motion of the superfluid particles. A superfluid can therefore exhibit quantummechanical effects on a macroscopic scale.