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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

相位自校准的光纤微波频率绝对相位传递

张晋铂 ZHANG Jinbo, 胡亮 Hu Liang, 李奇 LI Qi, 陈建平 Chen Jianping, 吴龟灵 Wu Guiling

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

提出一种相位自校准的光纤微波频率相位传递方案。该方案使用声表面波滤波器的冲激响应的窄带信号作为时间信号，使其与频率信号可同时使用同一波长进行传输。为实现稳定的可重复相位差，利用时间信号的往返传输时延来确定频率信号的整数个周期，并在多次重启的情况下验证了系统相位的稳定性。在60 km实验室平台上对所提方案进行验证，频率传递的稳定度优于4×10-14@1 s，5×10-17@10 000 s。系统多次重启的情况下，所获得的平均相位差最大不一致的峰峰值为0.008 rad，对应于整个周期的0.15%，可保证较高的相位一致性。

DOI
10.3788/gzxb20235209.0906001

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提出一种相位自校准的光纤微波频率相位传递方案。该方案使用声表面波滤波器的冲激响应的窄带信号作为时间信号，使其与频率信号可同时使用同一波长进行传输。为实现稳定的可重复相位差，利用时间信号的往返传输时延来确定频率信号的整数个周期，并在多次重启的情况下验证了系统相位的稳定性。在60 km实验室平台上对所提方案进行验证，频率传递的稳定度优于4×10-14@1 s，5×10-17@10 000 s。系统多次重启的情况下，所获得的平均相位差最大不一致的峰峰值为0.008 rad，对应于整个周期的0.15%，可保证较高的相位一致性。
量子边带纠缠作为一种重要的量子资源，可以通过主动路由的方式将其分配至系统的多个节点，实现多通道、大容量的量子信息处理。利用基于非线性晶体的光学参量下转换过程，可以制备大量的纠缠边带模式，然而在提取及操控这些模式时仍面临挑战。本文提出了一种频率梳种子注入的优化控制方案，利用马赫−曾德尔干涉仪结构的光纤耦合波导振幅调制器对基频光场进行频率调制，制备与纠缠边带模式具有相同频率分布的相干辅助光场，通过将其与光学参量振荡腔输出的空间模式耦合，成功制备了具有相干振幅的明亮边带纠缠光场。结合高效模式滤波、低损耗反馈控制及时间延迟补偿等技术，我们实现了对纠缠边带模式的稳定控制及高效探测。在实验中，我们实现了多对纠缠边带模式的同时探测，测得的正交振幅与正交位相分量的量子关联度在1～15 MHz的带宽内均超过6.0 dB。该方案为纠缠边带模式的控制和扩展提供了一种简单高效的方法，可以进一步被应用于实现多通道复用的量子通信中。
采用电光位相调制器对泵浦光进行位相调制，得到射频调制转移光谱 (MTS)，并研究MTS光谱的类色散信号中心过零点斜率优化问题。通过改变泵浦光的调制频率，泵浦光与探测光的光斑大小，研究MTS光谱信号过零点斜率与二者之间的参数依赖关系，在泵浦光调制频率为~3.6 MHz(大约是自然线宽的0.69倍)时，得到最佳的MTS光谱信号。最后利用最优的MTS光谱将DL Pro @ 852 nm 激光频率锁定到铯原子D2线(F = 4) − (F = 5’)循环跃迁，在60 min采样时间内激光频率起伏约为170 kHz，与自由运转时激光器~11 MHz的频率起伏相比，频率起伏得到了显著改善。
从大气光信道中可以提取两个合法通信方用来加密其传输的机密信息的公共密钥。首先，为了打破湍流引起的光学波动的相关时间对每秒提取的不相关光信道测量样本的数量限制，提出了为合法通信双方配备随机调制的方法，并针对其实现测量样本去相关性进行了理论分析；其次，利用OptiSystem软件仿真分析了大气光信道水平路径传输距离为1 km，中湍流，调制方式为幅度调制条件下，合法通信方在无调制、单调制、双调制三种不同调制的情况下对光信道测量样本自相关性的影响。针对单调制的情形，分析了不同大气光信道传输系数相干时间、伪随机码生成速率、传输距离和信噪比对光信道测量样本自相关性的影响。结果表明，对比无调制情况，在相同采样间隔内，观测到的光信道测量样本的测量数据变化次数增多；同时施加随机调制的发射光信号，在小于湍流引起的光学波动的相关时间的采样间隔下，观测到的光信道测量样本，在滞后100个样本的延迟时间后的自相关性，从无调制情况下的0.676降低到单调制情况下的0.083和双调制情况下的0.035。
This paper presents Newton-Raphson method using HHL algorithm for power flow quantum computation. The proposed Newton-Raphson HHL Quantum method converges to the solution within four iterations compared to the Newton-Raphson classical solution which converged in five iterations. The Newton-Raphson classical solution voltageV2=0.96674\mathrm{V}_{2}=0.96674V2​=0.96674pu, angleδ2=−0.04816\delta_{2}=-0.04816δ2​=−0.04816rads, angleδ3=0.04096\delta_{3}=0.04096δ3​=0.04096rads. The Newton-Raphson-HHL Quantum method voltageV2=0.98173\mathrm{V}_{2}= 0.98173V2​=0.98173pu, angleδ2=−0.05018\delta_{2}=-0.05018δ2​=−0.05018rads, angleδ3=0.04021\delta_{3}=0.04021δ3​=0.04021rads. This work Newton-Raphson HHL Quantum method for 3-bus time to converge is O.228s228\mathrm{s}228s. The fidelity is calculated to be 0.981436 with circuit width of 4 which is the number of qubits used in the circuit and the circuit depth gate layers is 126.
I register the prediction that no experiment will witness gravitationally induced entanglement between two masses, each in two branches, while their entangling phase stays below 2 rad, at any constant rate at which each mass's environment records its position. Under gravity whose source in each description is a function of the system's reduced state, conditioned on every record that exists, two masses that nothing records stay in a product state at every entangling phase. Recorded masses stay unentangled while the phase is below 4 rad with each mass's share counted once, or below 2 rad with each mass taking its full potential. Every published parameter set computed here lies below both, between 0.0150 rad and 0.594 rad. A witness of gravitationally induced entanglement reported at 5 standard deviations in any such experiment excludes the prediction on its own, whatever the recording rate. Quantized gravity entangles the masses only while each is recorded more slowly than a threshold set by the experiment's parameters, 0.0623 /s at Bose et al.'s, so a null result counts against it only where an experiment establishes its recording rate below that threshold. The source in the description occupying branch A is n_r^A = n_A + f(η) (n_B − n_A)/2, where n_A and n_B are the branches' densities and η is the overlap of the mass's two branch records, e^(−Γ t) at recording rate Γ. The product state is derived; the weight f(η) = η is derived from the stated condition that the source depend affinely on the coherence; the phase bound is computed in a two-branch open-system model and rests on the stated two-body form. Nothing is fitted. The statistic is the reported witness with the recording rate the experiment establishes, read against both predictions at its own parameters; the chance of a false exclusion from statistical fluctuation alone is 2.9 × 10⁻⁷ for each experiment.
长期稳定的压缩光源是实现可靠的量子协议、构建量子网络，特别是进行高精度量子测量的核心量子资源。然而，由于飞秒脉冲相较于连续光对光路抖动更加敏感以及制备装置更为复杂，因此获得长期稳定的飞秒脉冲压缩光源更为困难。基于同步泵浦光学参量振荡器，在无信号场注入的情况下，通过本底光和泵浦光之间的锁相环路有效抑制了压缩测量过程中68.05%的随机相位抖动，实现了飞秒脉冲压缩真空态光场的长期稳定压缩输出测量，长期压缩度由0.6 dB提高至3.2 dB。长期稳定的飞秒脉冲压缩光源有助于构建和实现多模量子网络，特别是长时间时域量子测量。