A Measurement Of The Spin-exchange Cross-section Of Cesium-133, Rubidium-87,85, Potassium-39 And Sodium-23.

N Ressler

Published Jan 1, 1967• 0 citations

Abstract

This thesis reports measurements to determine the spin exchange cross section for collisions between like alkali n ???' sPift-exchange cross section was determined for Cs-LJJ, Rbo/, Rb°5, k39, and Na23.Table of Contents Page List of Tables v List of Figures vi Chapter 1. 5 A. Hyperfine Structure and Zeeman Sub-Levels 5 B. Spin Exchange 9 C. Density Matrix Description of Spin-Exchange 16 D. Application to Hydrogen 20 E. Intermediate Field 24 F.

DOI: 10.7302/15526

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A Measurement Of The Spin-exchange Cross-section Of Cesium-133, Rubidium-87,85, Potassium-39 And Sodium-23.

N Ressler

Published Jan 1, 1967• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.7302/15526

Related papers

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Victor A. Kartoshkin

Optics and SpectroscopySep 1, 20171 citation

This paper reports measurements to determine the spin-exchange cross section for collisions between like alkali atoms. The spin-exchange cross section is determined for

{\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}

{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}

{\mathrm{Rb}}^{85}

{\mathrm{K}}^{39}

, and

{\mathrm{Na}}^{23}

. The lifetime of the alkali atoms in the Zeeman sublevels of the ground-state hyperfine levels is dominated by spin-exchange collisions. The spin-exchange collision rate is therefore reflected by the linewidth of the microwave absorption spectrum observed in the magnetic dipole transitions between various of the Zeeman sublevels. The measurements employed an

X

-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer. The alkali metal was distilled into a sample bulb which was placed inside a Dewar in a resonant cavity. The bulb was then heated to a temperature corresponding to an equilibrium vapor density of approximately

{10}^{15}

alkali atoms/c.c. and the microwave absorption spectrum was recorded. In order to relate the spin-exchange rate to a cross section, it is necessary to determine the alkali density. This was done by comparing the intensity of the alkali EPR absorption to that of a weighed and oriented copper sulfate crystal. For

{\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}

and

{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}

, interpretation of the linewidth data is complicated by the fact that the transitions occur in a region where there is appreciable mixing of the high-field spin states by the hyperfine interaction. A density-matrix description of spin exchange which corrects for this intermediate field mixing is discussed, and the corrections are applied to the measured cross sections for two transitions in

{\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}

and

{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}

. Relative cross sections, referred to that of

{\mathrm{Na}}^{23}

, are also given.

The spin-destruction rates due to rubidium-rubidium and potassium-potassium collisions involving the

{S}_{1/2}

ground states were measured. These spin-destruction cross sections decrease about an order of magnitude for the next lighter alkali-metal atom when comparing cesium, rubidium, and potassium.