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EPJ Web of Conferences

Making entanglement between photonic Orbital Angular Momenta by Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing in an atomic vapor

Myrann Abobaker, Laurence Pruvost

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing (SFWM) which generates photonic pairs is studied if it is addressed by optical vortices carrying an orbital angular momentum (OAM). We show that the output beams are OAM-correlated and that the entanglement depends on the 4-level scheme used to realize SFWM.
DOI
10.1051/epjconf/202328711001

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Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing (SFWM) carried out in a vapor by two optical vortex beams is analyzed in the case of same handedness input orbital angular momenta. We show that the generated pair of waves carries orbital angular momenta whose entanglement strongly depends on the chosen four-levels atomic scheme, asymmetric or not. The illustration is done with two schemes of rubidium. In addition based on a theory-experiment comparison we show that the output is a partially coherent superposition of modes preserving the entanglement.
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We describe the generation of photon pairs entangled in optical angular momentum (OAM) through spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in circular arrays of nonlinear waveguides. We show that the incorporation of the array twist along the waveguides can enable robust generation even in presence of defects and inhomogeneities. We present analytical results and numerical simulations based on coupled-mode equations for the classical pump field and a discrete Shrodinger equation for the biphoton wave function.
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that the photon pairs generated via spontaneous four-wave mixing in a hot atomic ensemble are in entangled orbital angular momentum (OAM) states. The density matrix of the OAM states of the photon pair is reconstructed, from which the fidelity to the maximal entangled state and the concurrence are estimated to be about 0.89 and 0.81, respectively. The experimental result also suggests the existence of the entanglement concerned with spatial degrees of freedom between the hot atomic ensemble and the Stokes photon.