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Ultrafast Optics (UFO)

Single-shot cross-correlation of counter-propagating, short optical pulses using random quasi-phase-matching

Christophe Dorrer, Jessica Shaw

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a single-shot cross-correlator based on the transverse sum-frequency generation of counter-propagating pulses in a disordered ferroelectric crystal. It measures the cross-correlation between the two laser pulses, leading to the relative delay between two facilities on every shot for co-timing and study of their relative jitter.

DOI
10.1364/ufo.2023.m1.4

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We demonstrate a single-shot cross-correlator based on the transverse sum-frequency generation of counter-propagating pulses in a disordered ferroelectric crystal. It measures the cross-correlation between the two laser pulses, leading to the relative delay between two facilities on every shot for co-timing and study of their relative jitter.
We propose a novel single-shot pulse-contrast measurement approach based on high-order quasi-phase-matching (QPM) cross correlation. It supports perfect contrast measurement with features of no artifacts, high resolution, and large temporal window. The prototype experiment based on the noncollinear third QPM with a beam crossing angle of 90 deg, using femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulses with a contrast of ~10(7), demonstrates an artifacts-free measurement with a temporal window of ~70 ps and a resolution of ~900 fs.
We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a simple and reliable optical technique for matching between two periodic numerical sequences based on optical single-shot measurement of their broadband cross-correlation function in the frequency domain. Each sequence is optically encoded into the shape of the different broadband femtosecond pulse using pulse-shaping techniques. The two corresponding shaped pulses are mixed in a nonlinear medium together with an additional (amplitude-shaped) narrowband pulse. The spectrum of the resulting four-wave mixing signal is measured to provide the cross-correlation function of the two encoded sequences. For identical sequences it is the auto-correlation function that is being measured, allowing also the identification of the sequence period. The high contrast achieved here between cross-correlation and auto-correlation functions allows to determine with a very high reliability whether the two encoded sequences are identical or not. The demonstrated technique might be employed in an optical implementation of CDMA communication protocol.
In this work we study the transverse spatial correlation of the pair of photons generated via the process of spontaneous parametric frequency down-conversion, in periodically poled non-linear crystals illuminated by a pulsed laser beam. It is well known that the two-photon state generated in quasi-phase matching (QPM) configurations depends explicitly on the characteristics of the pump beam, on the crystal modulated non-linearity, and on the detection geometry. This has allowed the development of several techniques for controlling the biphoton spectral and spatial properties. Here we discuss another technique for implementing the spatial entanglement modification in QPM gratings. We show, theoretically and experimentally, that in nearly collinear geometries, the spatial shape modulation of the pump beam allows for the control of the biphoton transverse spatial correlation.