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Physical Review A

Quantum networks assisted by dark modes in optomagnonic systems

Chengsong Zhao, Zhen Yang, Da‐Wei Wang, Ye‐Ting Yan, Chong Li, Zhihai Wang, Ling Zhou

Published Oct 9, 2023• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we present a scheme to construct a quantum network based on optomagnonic systems where the photon-magnon coupling systems are connected by a waveguide. We derive the effective master equation of magnon modes by eliminating the waveguide modes and optical modes. By diagonalizing the dissipative part of the master equation, we identify dark modes so as to eliminate the effect of the dissipation induced by the waveguide. Employing dark modes, we investigate the quantum state transfer and entangled state generation in the two-node cascaded or chiral quantum network. We extend the method to an $N$-node quantum network and show the generation of a W state. We also consider the influence of experimental imperfections. Our scheme is meaningful for building a quantum network based on a magnonic system.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.108.043703

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In this paper, we present a scheme to construct a quantum network based on optomagnonic systems where the photon-magnon coupling systems are connected by a waveguide. We derive the effective master equation of magnon modes by eliminating the waveguide modes and optical modes. By diagonalizing the dissipative part of the master equation, we identify dark modes so as to eliminate the effect of the dissipation induced by the waveguide. Employing dark modes, we investigate the quantum state transfer and entangled state generation in the two-node cascaded or chiral quantum network. We extend the method to an NNN-node quantum network and show the generation of a W state. We also consider the influence of experimental imperfections. Our scheme is meaningful for building a quantum network based on a magnonic system.
Optomicrowave entanglement and optomagnonic entanglement have significant applications in constructing hybrid quantum network and optical controlling magnons. In this paper, a theoretical scheme of enhancing optomicrowave and optomagnonic entanglements is proposed, based on a coherent-feedback-assisted optomagnomechanical (OMM) system. By inserting a thin membrane between the input-output mirror and the high-reflective-mirror-attached YIG bridge, the system consists of four kinds of modes: optical mode, microwave mode, mechanical mode, and magnon mode. In this system, optical mode and microwave mode interact with each other through the mechanical mode, while the magnon mode couples with the microwave mode through magnetic-dipole interaction. The entanglement is originally generated between optical mode and phonon mode under the two-mode squeezing mechanism (blue-detuned driven), then the generated entanglement is transferred to the optical mode and microwave mode through the state transfer mechanism (red-detuned driven) between the microwave mode and phonon mode and is further transferred to the optical mode and magnon mode by the magnetic-dipole interaction between the microwave mode and magnon mode. Adopting the negative logarithm criterion, the variations of the optomicrowave and optomagnonic entanglements with detuning, coupling strength, and decay rate are thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the optimal coherent feedback parameters and the physical mechanisms of generating and transferring entanglement are analyzed, and the entanglement enhancements by adding the feedback loop are discussed. The results show that after adding coherent feedback, optomicrowave entanglement and optomagnonic entanglement can be enhanced effectively within a wide range of parameters and the enhancement can also be well maintained. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for connecting different nodes (different physical systems) to construct hybrid quantum networks, flexibly controlling the quantum properties of magnons, and preparing macroscopic quantum states.
Abstract We put forward a proposal to construct a quantum network using a hybrid cavity–magnonics system as with two nodes. At each node, a cascade of the quantum system consists of cavity–magnonics and magnonic–qubit interactions, and the quantum interface between the flying qubit and superconducting qubit is mediated by a magnon. Considering the phase resulting from the distance between the two nodes, we derive a master equation for two superconducting qubits and show that, by adiabatically controlling the cavity–magnon coupling, perfect quantum state transfer between two qubits can be realized. We also consider the influence of intrinsic dissipation of the magnetic mode and the cavity mode. In an unideal case, the design time-dependent cavity–magnonics couplings obtained in the ideal case are still employed. Our results show that low intrinsic loss in the magnetic mode and the cavity mode is still welcome for the high fidelity of state transfer.
We study the dynamics of chiral quantum networks consisting of nodes coupled by unidirectional or asymmetric bidirectional quantum channels. In contrast to familiar photonic networks where driven two-level atoms exchange photons via 1D photonic nanostructures, we propose and study a setup where interactions between the atoms are mediated by spin excitations (magnons) in 1D XXXXXX spin chains representing spin waveguides. While Markovian quantum network theory eliminates quantum channels as structureless reservoirs in a Born-Markov approximation to obtain a master equation for the nodes, we are interested in non-Markovian dynamics. This arises from the nonlinear character of the dispersion with band-edge effects, and from finite spin propagation velocities leading to time delays in interactions. To account for the non-Markovian dynamics we treat the quantum degrees of freedom of the nodes and connecting channel as a composite spin system with the surrounding of the quantum network as a Markovian bath, allowing for an efficient solution with time-dependent density matrix renormalization-group techniques. We illustrate our approach showing non-Markovian effects in the driven-dissipative formation of quantum dimers, and we present examples for quantum information protocols involving quantum state transfer with engineered elements as basic building blocks of quantum spintronic circuits.
Distributing entanglement among distant quantum nodes is essential for building scalable quantum networks. In this paper we propose a scheme to generate multipartite magnonic entanglement in a cavity optomagnonic network via measurement-based feedback. We consider NNN spatially separated cavity optomagnonic systems and the cavity outputs are coupled through a beam-splitter array. The fields from the array's output ports are subjected to continuous homodyne detection, and the measurement outcomes are fed back to the systems. We analytically demonstrate that multipartite magnonic entanglement can be deterministically generated in the present scheme by tuning the local phases of homodyne detection appropriately. The multipartite entanglement arises from photon-magnon entanglement, which is distributed among the magnonic modes via the beam-splitter-array interferometric measurement. We further reveal that the multipartite entanglement is optimized when the cavity field couples to the magnonic mode via a two-mode squeezing interaction in each cavity optomagnonic system, because such an interaction induces optimal magnonic squeezing when homodyning the cavity output. The present scheme can be directly extended to other light-matter systems for realizing multipartite entanglement of continuous variables. Beyond advancing fundamental quantum research, this work provides a practical platform for magnon-based quantum technologies.
Abstract Finding new strategies for the generation and preservation of quantum resources, e.g. entanglement between spatially separated macroscopic systems enables reliable and fertile platforms to study both fundamental quantum physics and fruitful applications such as quantum networks and distant quantum information processing. Here, we want to address how to generate magnon-magnon entanglement (MME) in an optomagnonic system based on the optical Bell-state measurement. To do so, we consider a hybrid optomagnonic system comprising of two identical, but distant dissipative microwave cavities, each containing a ferromagnetic YIG sphere and a superconducting qubit. Besides, each subsystem is driven via an external laser field. We numerically simulate the solution of the corresponding master equation and discuss the time-dependent as well as the steady state entanglement between the distant magnon modes at different interaction regime. Also, the fidelity of the generated entangled states is studied in detail. Generally, the dissipative environmental effects plague the MME, however, it is possible to generate a considerable amount of MME even at the steady state regime. Also, the results show that the robust MME may be enhanced by applying a relatively strong external pump decreasing the relative magnon damping rate as well as increasing the relative qubit-photon coupling strength, while some other parameters involved in the model, i.e. the atomic damping rate and detuning parameter do not considerably affect the amplitude (the maximum value) of MME. Exceptionally, although the magnon damping rate decreases the amount of MME, the entanglement stability takes place in a longer time interval in the strong magnonic damping regime. Moreover, the maximum of the steady state entanglement may be obtained in the moderate magnon-photon coupling regime provided that the system is driven by strong external pumps. Furthermore, the system can generate robust MME at steady state, especially in the small detuning regime. Our further investigations show that the system can provide relatively high-fidelity magnonic entangled states even in the presence of inevitable environmental effects. The proposed model offers an attractive platform for the generation of quantum resources to establish long-distance quantum networks based on magnonic and photonic systems.
A quantum network consisting of magnonic and mechanical nodes connected by light is proposed.Recent years have witnessed a significant development in cavity magnonics based on collective spin excitations in ferrimagnetic crystals, such as yttrium iron garnet (YIG).Magnonic systems are considered to be a promising building block for a future quantum network.However, a major limitation of the system is that the coherence time of the magnon excitations is limited by their intrinsic loss (typically in the order of 1 μs for YIG).Here, we show that by coupling the magnonic system to a mechanical system using optical pulses, an arbitrary magnonic state (either classical or quantum) can be transferred to and stored in a distant long-lived mechanical resonator.The fidelity depends on the pulse parameters and the transmission loss.We further show that the magnonic and mechanical nodes can be prepared in a macroscopic entangled state.These demonstrate the quantum state transfer and entanglement distribution in such a novel quantum network of magnonic and mechanical nodes.Our work shows the possibility to connect two separate fields of optomagnonics and optomechanics, and to build a long-distance quantum network based on magnonic and mechanical systems.