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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Towards a Fiber-Coupled Quantum Dot Single Photon Source for a Quantum Internet Testbed

Kristina A. Meier, Charlotte K. Duda, Duncan P. Ryan, Jennifer Ann Hollingsworth, Raymond Newell

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present progress toward a packaged quantum dot single-photon source with emission at telecom wavelengths, coupled into a single-mode fiber using a bullseye antenna. This source will be optimized for a fiber-based quantum internet testbed.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2023.qw2a.18

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Bright fiber-coupled single photon sources are essential components for practical quantum network. In this work, we present a bright single photon source based on an InAs/InP quantum dot emitting at telecom wavelengths. We designed a nanobeam with a photonic crystal mirror at the other end and a tapered coupler at the other end enabling both directional emission and gaussian-like far-field profile. We detected fiber-coupled single photon count rate of 1.1 MHz with 40 MHz pumping rate. Considering losses from optics and spectral filters, we achieved collection efficiency into first lens of 68% and a total fiber collection efficiency of 8.2%.
For quantum light sources in everyday telecommunication networks, quantum science needs to be fully transformed into quantum technology. The first necessary step to move outside a well-controlled lab environment requires the use of quantum light sources operating in the technologically relevant telecom O- and C-band. This can be provided using epitaxial quantum dots as deterministic sources of quantum light. Particularly intriguing is that emitters operating at telecom wavelengths are rapidly catching up with their short wavelength counterparts in terms of performances. Here, we make a decisive step forward in the development of quantum communication networks: a state-of-the-art source of quantum light, a semiconductor quantum dot (QD), with record coincidence rate for entangled photon emission in the telecom C-band, is operated inside an optimized rack-based setup. This setup includes a tunable pulsed laser for the QD excitation (from quasi- to fully resonant excitation), all optics for the excitation filtering, and QD signal coupling into single-mode fibers. Overall, the setup allows for above 50%50\%50% transmission for both exciton and biexciton photons. These results show that quantum dots-based telecom light sources can now be transported and integrated into existing fiber infrastructures, an important step to demonstrate the feasibility of the upcoming quantum internet.
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Abstract Single photon sources are key components for quantum technologies such as quantum communication, computing and metrology. A key challenge towards the realization of global quantum networks are transmission losses in optical fibers. Therefore, single photon sources are required to emit at the low-loss telecom wavelength bands. However, an ideal telecom wavelength single photon source has yet to be discovered. Here, we review the recent progress in realizing such sources. We start with single photon emission based on atomic ensembles and spontaneous parametric down conversion, and then focus on solid-state emitters including semiconductor quantum dots, defects in silicon carbide and carbon nanotubes. In conclusion, some state-of-the-art applications are highlighted.
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