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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Nuclear Spins in the Proximity of Individual Erbium Dopants

Alexander Ulanowski, Benjamin Merkel, Andreas Gritsch, Johannes Früh, Fabian Salamon, Adrian Holzäpfel, Andreas Reiserer

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Erbium dopants in optical resonators are a promising platform for spin-photon interfaces at telecommunication wavelengths. Frequency-selective optical pulses enable control over individual dopants and proximal nuclear spins.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2023.qth4b.3

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Optically active solid-state spin qubits thrive as an appealing technology for quantum interconnects and quantum networks, thanks to their atomic size, scalable synthesis, long-lived coherence, and ability to coherently interface with flying qubits. Trivalent erbium dopants, in particular, emerge as an attractive candidate due to their emission in the telecom C band and shielded 4f intra-shell spin and optical transitions. Nevertheless, prevailing top-down architectures for rare-earth qubits and devices have not yet achieved simultaneous long optical and spin coherence, which is necessary for efficient long-distance quantum networks. Here, we demonstrate dual Er3+ telecom spin-photon interfaces in two distinct lattice symmetry sites within an epitaxial thin-film platform. By leveraging high matrix crystallinity, controlled proximity of dopants to surfaces, and exploiting host lattice symmetry, we simultaneously achieve kilohertz-level optical linewidth in a strongly symmetry-protected site, and erbium qubit spin coherence times exceeding 10 milliseconds. Additionally, we realize single-shot readout and microwave coherent control of erbium qubits in a fiber-integrated package, enabling rapid deployment and scalability. These advancements highlight the significant potential of high-quality rare-earth qubits and quantum memories assembled using a bottom-up method, paving the way for scalable development of quantum light-matter interfaces tailored for telecommunication quantum networks. Erbium quantum emitters operating in the telecom C band are promising for spin-photon interfaces but achieving both optical and spin coherence has been challenging. Gupta et al. report two types of erbium dopants in epitaxial Y2O3 thin films occupying distinct lattice sites and exhibiting long spin and optical coherence times