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OPTOMECHANICAL SYSTEMS – A BRIDGE BETWEEN NANO- AND MACRO-WORLDS

Sergiu Carlig, Victor Ceban, Mihai A. MACOVEI

Published Oct 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In this paper we studied a nanomechanical resonator coupled with a driven quantum dot. The presented analytical results show that the correlation of the photon and phonon modes may be obtained or that quantum cooling phenomena may occur. In addition, the studied acoustical cavities coupled to quantum dots allow the generation of the vibrational phonons with sub-Poissonian distributions. The phonon-photon correlations and fields with sub-Poissonian \nstatistics, both represent pure quantum phenomena.

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Physical Review A•Aug 19, 2013•3 citations
In this paper we studied a nanomechanical resonator coupled with a driven quantum dot. The presented analytical results show that the correlation of the photon and phonon modes may be obtained or that quantum cooling phenomena may occur. In addition, the studied acoustical cavities coupled to quantum dots allow the generation of the vibrational phonons with sub-Poissonian distributions. The phonon-photon correlations and fields with sub-Poissonian \nstatistics, both represent pure quantum phenomena.
We investigate the feasibility of correlating an optical cavity field and a vibrational phonon mode. A laser pumped quantum dot fixed on a nanomechanical resonator beam interacts as a whole with the optical resonator mode. When the quantum dot variables are faster than the optical and phonon ones, we obtain a final master equation describing the involved modes only. Increasing the temperature, which directly affects the vibrational degrees of freedom, one can as well influence the cavity photon intensity, i.e., the optical and phonon modes are correlated. Furthermore, the corresponding Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is violated demonstrating the quantum nature of those correlations.
A microscopic theory to study the combined dynamics of a quantum dot exciton coupled to a single cavity mode as well as acoustic phonons is presented. By considering the phonon subsystem in the coherent state representation, the phonon’s impact on the emitted photons is investigated. The single photon emission probability and phonon effects on this quantity are studied. On the other hand, we illustrate that while a quantum dot interacts with a single cavity mode, the collapse and revival phenomenon will occur. It is demonstrated that acoustic phonons have a pronounced impact on the collapse and revival of the quantum dot exciton. Our finding reveals that at elevated temperatures the phonon interaction decreases the Rabi frequency. Moreover, the cavity mode possesses non-classical features such as sub-Poissonian statistics.
The quantum dynamics of a double quantum dot two-level system, coupled to a leaking microwave resonator mode, is theoretically investigated. The double quantum dot is driven by applying a continuous field giving rise to time-dependent modulations of its energy separation between the ground levels of each dot, forming the qubit. Therefore, the cavity resonances occur when the difference between the resonator and the qubit frequencies equals the multiple of the modulation frequency, respectively. In the strong Coulomb interaction limit and the weak couplings of the combined system, i.e. the qubit and the single-mode cavity, to corresponding electronic, phononic or photonic reservoirs, we have demonstrated that the output cavity electromagnetic field is formed of a single-photon flux obeying the sub-Poissonian quantum photon statistics. This was proved via Fano's factor behaviour or by comparing the resonator's second- and third-order photon correlation functions, respectively. The phonon, the cavity mode dephasing or the environmental temperatures influence on the quantum properties of the photons are also discussed.
We theoretically investigate the photon statistics in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system of a single quantum dot (QD) coupled to photonic molecule. Our previous work [Wen Zhang et.al, Phys. Rev. A 89, 043832 (2014)] has shown that QD-bimodal cavity system can generate ultrastrongly sub-Poissonian light by regulating the ratio between driving strengths of two cavity modes. Here we study two coupled single-mode nanocavities with a QD coupling to one of them as a photonic molecule system. Statistical character of photon emission is presented by evaluating the zero-delay secondorder correlation function g2(0). When both cavities with/without QD are driven, the sub-Poissonian character can be optimized by regulating the ratio between driving strengths of each cavities. We also present the dependences of other system parameters on the photon statistics. The physical mechanism of both effects is to optimize the combination of super-Poissonian and coherent light which results in sub-Poissonian light generation. As a result g2(0) can be reduced up to several orders of magnitude compared with the QD coupled one-mode-cavity system.
We theoretically investigate the sub-Poissonian light generation in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system of a single quantum dot coupled a bimodal nanocavity. It is shown in a recent work [Arka Majumdar et.al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 183601 (2012)] that the system can generate strongly sub-Poissonian light when one of the cavity modes is driven coherently and resonantly. We study the two-mode coherent driving regime of the coupled system. The effect of additional cavity mode driving on the statistic characteristics of photon emission is presented by evaluating the zero-delay second-order correlation function g2(0). We interpret the optimization of sub-Poissonian feature by regulating the ratio between driving strengths of two cavity modes and observe that g2(0) can be reduced up to several orders of magnitude (g2(0))<10-4), comparing with one-mode driving system (g2(0)~0.1), indicating ultra-strongly sub-Poissonian light generation.
We theoretically investigate the influence of the phonon-mediated coupling on the properties of the laser generated by a single red-detuned quantum dot (QD), where the QD is coherently driven and coupled to a microscopic cavity which can be engineered in a photonic band-gap (PBG) material. In the low-temperature limit, the phonon-mediated coupling is deleterious to the emission of photon into cavity field and the threshold behavior of the laser persists after the inclusion of the phonon-mediated processes. Without being engineered in the PBG material, if the damping rate $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ of the cavity is close to but smaller than the phonon-mediated spontaneous emission rate $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ of the dot, the photon statistics of the cavity field change from super-Poissonian to sub-Poissonian. The nonclassical effect can be achieved due to the phonon-mediated processes induced by the electron-phonon interaction and the off-resonant dot-cavity coupling. The nonclassical effect can be enhanced by the PBG material. When the effect of the thermal phonon is taken into account, the cavity field exhibits the super-Poissonian property. If $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ is much smaller than $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, the phonon-mediated processes can lead to the increase (decrease) of the photons provided that the incoherent pumping rate is lower (higher) than the effective phonon-mediated threshold. But, if $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ is close to or larger than $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, the emission of the photon may dominate the absorption process, strengthening the intensity of the cavity field.