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AIP conference proceedings

An overview of physical layer security enhancement techniques for full-duplex relay network

Sana Firoz Amin, Ajay Jadhav

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Basic concept of Physical Layer Security (PLS) is to the Transmission of Secured messages over a wireless channel without depending on higher-layer encryption in the presence of unwarranted eavesdroppers. PLS is a one simple option to complicated cryptography. To address the spectral efficiency (SE) loss caused by half-duplex, full-duplex (FD) has received a lot of attention When compared to HD, FD can almost double the SE. For upcoming 5G wireless networks, security is a major concern. As a result, study on Physical Layer security for multiuser networks is becoming increasingly important. Even so, two-hop FD Relay PLS Schemes had to be investigated.

DOI
10.1063/5.0129610

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The Basic concept of Physical Layer Security (PLS) is to the Transmission of Secured messages over a wireless channel without depending on higher-layer encryption in the presence of unwarranted eavesdroppers. PLS is a one simple option to complicated cryptography. To address the spectral efficiency (SE) loss caused by half-duplex, full-duplex (FD) has received a lot of attention When compared to HD, FD can almost double the SE. For upcoming 5G wireless networks, security is a major concern. As a result, study on Physical Layer security for multiuser networks is becoming increasingly important. Even so, two-hop FD Relay PLS Schemes had to be investigated.
As an alternative to complex cryptographic techniques, PLS is emerging as a promising paradigm to protect wireless communication systems from eavesdropping attacks by exploiting the physical characteristics of the wireless channels. Among various PLS approaches, the one based on cooperative communication is favorable and has received a lot of interest from the research community. Although PLS schemes with half-duplex relays have been extensively researched, the issue of PLS in cooperative systems with full-duplex (FD) relays is far from being comprehensively understood. In this article, we first present the state of the art on PLS approaches proposed for FD cooperative systems. We then provide a case study in which a source-based jamming scheme is proposed to enhance the secrecy performance of a cooperative system with an untrusted FD relay. Finally, we outline several interesting yet challenging future research problems in this topic.
Broadcasting in wireless channels causes security vulnerabilities since both the intended receiver and the eavesdropper may receive the information. Physical layer security (PLS) ensures the confidentiality of information transmitted wireless medium, even in the presence of eavesdroppers, without relying on cryptographic techniques implemented at higher layers. A PLS method for cooperative relay based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with optimal relay selection and power optimization is proposed. In order to increase the overall system’s secrecy rate, a hybrid relaying and water filling based optimal power allocation is performed for multi-relay assisted OFDM-based wireless networks. By changing the eavesdroppers’ distances, the performance efficiency of the proposed system is verified. The analysis is carried out for both Full Duplex (FD) and Half Duplex (HD) systems and their performances are compared with existing equal power allocation technique. The proposed method combines relay selection and novel power optimization process to improve secrecy rate than the existing power allocation methods for both HD and FD systems.
The open broadcast nature of the wireless networks makes it vulnerable to the eavesdropper attacks. The physical layer security (PLS) is a grown research field that exploits the characteristics of the physical wireless channel to prevent the eavesdropper interruptions and attacks. The use of the cooperative relay transmission is a method to approach the physical layer security. This paper studies the secrecy performance metrics of the half-duplex two-way multi-relaying technique. A cooperative jamming protocol is proposed to enhance the physical layer security, where the destination sends jamming signals to the eavesdropper node to degrade its channel capacity. However, the relays can act as a jammer and send jamming signals to the eavesdropper node. Moreover, Simulations of the performance metrics namely the secrecy capacity (Cs) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) applied on the technique are presented and discussed to measure the secrecy level of the proposed technique compared with an existing technique namely half-duplex one-way multi-relaying technique. Based on simulations and discussions the proposed technique outperforms the existing technique in term of secrecy performance.
The open nature of radio propagation enables ubiquitous wireless communication. This allows for seamless data transmission. However, unauthorized users may pose a threat to the security of the data being transmitted to authorized users. This gives rise to network vulnerabilities such as hacking, eavesdropping, and jamming of the transmitted information. Physical layer security (PLS) has been identified as one of the promising security approaches to safeguard the transmission from eavesdroppers in a wireless network. It is an alternative to the computationally demanding and complex cryptographic algorithms and techniques. PLS has continually received exponential research interest owing to the possibility of exploiting the characteristics of the wireless channel. One of the main characteristics includes the random nature of the transmission channel. The aforesaid nature makes it possible for confidential and authentic signal transmission between the sender and the receiver in the physical layer. We start by introducing the basic theories of PLS, including the wiretap channel, information-theoretic security, and a brief discussion of the cryptography security technique. Furthermore, an overview of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication is provided. The main focus of our review is based on the existing key-less PLS optimization techniques, their limitations, and challenges. The paper also looks into the promising key research areas in addressing these shortfalls. Lastly, a comprehensive overview of some of the recent PLS research in 5G and 6G technologies of wireless communication networks is provided.
Recently, combination of full-duplex (FD) technology with existing wireless devices are gaining much interest due to their spectrum efficient usage. In this work, a cognitive radio network (CRN) with FD relay for secondary user (SU) is proposed and physical layer security (PLS) issue is analyzed in the presence of passive eavesdropper by using maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF) techniques. The restriction of self interference at FD relay is cancelled by using ZFBF technique when the number of transmit antenna at relay is greater than the number of receive antenna; on the other hand, null space projection (NSP) is applied for the reverse scenario. For information sharing, both ZFBF and MRT techniques are used. The FD relay is used for generating artificial noise (AN) to degrade the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the eavesdroppers while simultaneously receive data from secondary transmitter. The ergodic physical layer secrecy capacity and physical layer secrecy outage of both primary user (PU) and SU are evaluated. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to compare the proposed approach with other existing techniques.
In this paper we represent a half-duplex relay network to investigate the secrecy performance of multi-hop relaying system. In this paper half duplex relay(HDR) is used to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) for secure transmission in multi-hop relaying system, in which each intermediate node help to forward the message as a relay. In this paper, we find out the secrecy performance of half-duplex jamming (HDJ) network and this network is design in such a way that each HDR transmit jamming signal to the intruder when it receive the required signal from the previous adjacent node. In this paper we also investigated the achievable secrecy rate in HDR and HDJ network under the total transmit power constraint with the decode-and-forward scheme. Numerical results show that the HDJ network has better secrecy rate than HDR network.